Hlobo luni lwamafutha oluthelwa esiteringini samandla?

Izimoto zokuqala zaklanywa futhi zasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesiteringi sikagesi. Lo mshini wasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Umqondo wokuqala wemoto enamandla okuqondisa wanikezwa ngo-1926 (General Motors), kodwa waqala ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi I-197-x iminyaka yekhulu leminyaka elidlule.

Isiteringi samandla sinikeza umshayeli ukulawula okulula nokuthembekile kwemoto. Uhlelo ludinga cishe akukho ukulungiswa, ngaphandle kokugcwaliswa kwamafutha ngezikhathi ezithile. Hlobo luni loketshezi, kaningi kangakanani futhi kungani ugcwalisa amandla okuqondisa - funda isihloko.

Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukucacisa ukuthi uwoyela wenjini evamile kanye noketshezi olukhethekile lokuqondisa amandla kuhlukile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zibizwa ngokufanayo, iqembu lesibili linokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukugcwalisa amafutha ajwayelekile - kuzolimaza uhlelo.

Ngaphezu kokunikeza ukunethezeka komshayeli nokwenza lula umsebenzi wakhe, uketshezi ohlelweni lokuqondisa amandla lwenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile.

1. Izingxenye ezihambayo ezinyakazayo nezigcobayo.
2. Ukupholisa izingxenye zangaphakathi, ukususwa kokushisa okukhulu.
3. Ukuvikelwa kwesistimu ngokumelene nokugqwala (izithasiselo ezikhethekile).

Ukwakhiwa kwamafutha kuhlanganisa nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene. Imisebenzi yabo:

• ukuzinza kwe-viscosity kanye ne-acidity ye-liquid;
• ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwe-foam;
• ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye zenjoloba.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha ubukhona kanye nesimo samafutha ku-hydraulic booster. Eqinisweni, imoto ingakwazi ukushayela isikhathi esithile ngamafutha owonakele noma umthamo wayo ongaphelele, kodwa lokhu kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni kwesistimu yokuqondisa amandla, ukulungiswa kwayo okuzobiza kakhulu.

Itholakala ngophuzi, obomvu noluhlaza. Abashayeli abaningi baqondiswa umbala uma bekhetha. Kodwa kufanele ufunde ukwakheka eduze ukuze uthole ikhambi elifanele. Okokuqala, thola ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwamafutha olunikezwayo: okokwenziwa noma amaminerali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukunaka lezi zinkomba ezilandelayo:

• i-viscosity;
• Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali;
• izakhiwo ze-hydraulic;
• izakhiwo zemishini.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amafutha okwenziwa awavamile ukusetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yolaka lwawo maqondana nezakhi zenjoloba zohlelo. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yobuchwepheshe, uma kuvunyelwe umenzi.

Amafutha amaminerali aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukugcoba amasistimu anjalo. Izinhlobonhlobo zabo emakethe zinkulu kakhulu - kusukela kweyangempela, ekhiqizwa abakhiqizi bezimoto, kuya kuma-fake. Lapho ukhetha, kufanele uthembele ezincomo ezisesitifiketini sokubhaliswa kwemoto. Futhi, amafutha akhethwayo angaboniswa ku-cap ye-tank yokwandisa.

• I-Dextron (ATF) - ekuqaleni ithululelwe ohlelweni lwezimoto ezenziwe empumalanga (eJapane, eChina, eKorea);
• I-Pentosin - ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa eJalimane nakwezinye izimoto zaseYurophu.

I-Dextron iphuzi noma ibomvu, i-Pentosin iluhlaza. Ukuhluka kwemibala kungenxa yezithako ezikhethekile ezakha imikhiqizo.

Futhi, lezi zimali ziyahlukahluka ku-viscosity kinematic ngaphakathi kwamazinga okushisa okusebenza. Ngakho-ke, amaminerali agcina izakhiwo zawo emazingeni okushisa ukusuka -40 ° C kuya +90 ° C. I-Synthetic izizwa kahle ebangeni ukusuka ku-40 ° C kuya + 130-150 °C.

Abashayeli bezimoto abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuguqula uwoyela esiteringini samandla ngeke kudingeke phakathi nayo yonke impilo yenkonzo. Kodwa izimo zokusetshenziswa kwemoto zihluke kakhulu kokuhle, ngakho-ke zingomisa, zigeleze, zivuze, njll.

Inqubo yokushintsha inconyiwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• kuye ngokuthi mileage: Dextron ngemva 40 ayizinkulungwane km, Pentosin kancane njalo, ngemva 100-150 ayizinkulungwane km;
• lapho umsindo noma okunye ukungasebenzi kahle okuncane ohlelweni;
• ngenkinga yokuphendula isondo lokuqondisa;
• lapho uthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe;
• lapho ushintsha umbala, ukungaguquguquki, izinga lokugcoba (ukulawula okubonakalayo).

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo original. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izokwenza imisebenzi yayo ku-GUR futhi ngeke ilimaze.

Hlanganisa noma cha?

Kwenzeka ukuthi kunezinsalela zoketshezi okudabukisayo ukuthulula. Noma ithangi ligcwele 2/3. Okufanele ukwenze ezimweni ezinjalo - uthele konke bese ugcwalisa entsha, noma ungagcina imali?

Kukholelwa kabanzi ukuthi amafutha ombala ofanayo angaxutshwa. Ilungile ngokwengxenye, kodwa ayikwazi ukuthathwa njenge-axiom. Nalezi zinto ezilandelayo kumele zibhekwe:

• kokubili uketshezi kungohlobo olufanayo (zokwenziwa noma amaminerali);
• izici zamakhemikhali zemikhiqizo ziyahambisana;
• ungaxuba kulezi zinhlelo zemibala ezilandelayo: obomvu = obomvu, obomvu = ophuzi, oluhlaza = oluhlaza.

Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi bakhiqiza umkhiqizo ofanayo ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene kanye nokwengezwa kokungcola okungaphazamisi ukusebenza kwawo. Ungathola ngokutadisha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali. Uketshezi olunjalo lungaxutshwa ngokuphephile.

Futhi, uma umkhiqizo onombala ohlukile kunomusha usetshenziswe ohlelweni, kunconywa ukuthi uhlanza kahle. Lapho uxuba uketshezi oluhlukene, igwebu lingase lenze, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukusebenza kokuqondisa kwamandla.

Sihlela ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amafutha okufanele athululwe esiteringini samandla.

1. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemikhiqizo - amaminerali kanye ne-synthetic. Angaba bomvu, aphuzi futhi aluhlaza.
2. Ukushintshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwezinkulungwane ezingama-40 km (ye-Dextron) noma i-100-15 km (yePentosin), uma uhlelo lusebenza kahle.
3. Wonke ama-automatic transmission kanye nama-manual transmission amaningi agcwaliswa ngamafutha amaminerali. Uma udinga ukusebenzisa okokwenziwa - lokhu kushiwo ngokucacile eshidini ledatha.
4. Ungaxuba amafutha ombala ofanayo, kanye nobomvu nohlaza, uma ukwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali kufana.
5. Ukuze uzivikele ekungasebenzi kahle nasekuqhekekeni kwesistimu, kufanele usebenzise imikhiqizo yasekuqaleni.
6. Uhlobo loketshezi oludingekayo lungase lukhonjiswe kusivalo sethangi salo.

Ukukhipha nokushintsha uwoyela kuyinqubo elula engenziwa yiwo wonke umshayeli.