Kukangaki udinga ukushintsha isihlungi somoya?
Imoto ngayinye inezingxenye eziningi ezincane nezinkulu. Kodwa ezinkulu azibalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Eziningi ezincane zilawula ngokuthula nangokungabonakali ukusebenza kwawo wonke umshini. Izihlungi zomoya nazo zingezazo - uhlobo lwezindawo zokuhlola umoya, ukuhlola uthuli nezinye izinhlayiya eziyingozi.
Ukuhamba kwemoto kunikeza ukushiswa okungewona uphethiloli omsulwa, kodwa ingxube ye-fuel-air. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesibili kuyo kufanele ibe phakathi
Izakhi zangaphandle azithandeki ku-carburetor. Zihlala, zivale amaphaseji namashaneli, zenze ukusha komlilo kube kubi futhi zidale ubungozi be-microdetonations. Yingakho izihlungi zomoya zakhelwe ohlelweni. Imisebenzi yabo:
- ukuhlanzwa komoya kusuka ezinhlayiyeni ezinkulu nezincane (kufika kuma-microns amaningana ububanzi). Imishini yesimanje ifeza umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ngama-99,9%;
- ukuncishiswa komsindo osakazeka eduze kwendlela yokungena;
- ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa engxubeni kaphethiloli-yomoya ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zikaphethiloli.
Abashayeli abaningi bakushaya indiva ukushintshwa kwesisefo somoya, bakholelwa ukuthi kufanele siqhubeke size siguge. Kodwa ukuhlanza okufika ngesikhathi nokufakwa okusha kuzosindisa i-carburetor yemoto futhi konge kuphethiloli.
Umsebenzi walesi sici uvezwa yinkomba efana nokunciphisa ukumelana nomoya wokungenisa. Ngokusho kwakhe, lapho isihlungi somoya singcola kakhulu, sidlula umoya ngokwaso.
Izihlungi zesimanje ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa komoya zihluke kakhulu ngesimo, ukwakheka, izinto zokwakha, kanye nobuchwepheshe bomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, kuneqoqo lezinhlobo zokuhlukaniswa kwazo. Ngokuvamile, izihlungi zomoya zihlukaniswa izici ezilandelayo:
- indlela yokuhlunga (uwoyela, i-inertial, i-cyclone, ukugeleza okuqondile, njll.);
- ubuchwepheshe bokulahla imfucuza (ukukhishwa, ukumunca, ukuqoqwa esitsheni);
- isihlungi sezinto ezibonakalayo (iphepha elikhethekile, amakhadibhodi, imicu yokwenziwa, kwenzeka ukuthi inayiloni / intambo yensimbi);
- uhlobo olwakhayo lwesici sokuhlunga (i-cylindrical, iphaneli, i-frameless);
- izimo ezihleliwe zokusetshenziswa (ezivamile, ezinzima);
- inani lamazinga okuhlunga (1, 2 noma 3).
Ngokwemvelo, ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo azikwazi ukuba khona ngokuzihlukanisa kwezinye. Ngakho-ke, kukhona, ngokwesibonelo, izihlungi ezomile ze-inertial ngokukhululwa kwezingxenye ezingafuneki emkhathini, imikhiqizo enesici sokuhlunga esifakwe ukufakelwa okukhethekile, izinhlelo zikawoyela ezinertial, njll.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezimotweni zomklamo omdala (GAZ-24, ZAZ-968) zazisetshenziswa kuphela izihlungi zomoya ze-inertia. Ingqikithi yayo iwukuthi lapho imoto ihamba, amafutha ageza i-partition (eyenziwe ngensimbi ecindezelwe noma intambo yenayiloni), ibamba izinhlayiya futhi igeleze endlini yokugezela ekhethekile. Ngaphansi kwalesi sitsha, ihlala futhi ikhishwa ngesandla, ngokuhlanza okuvamile.
Abakhiqizi bezimoto zesimanje kanye nengxenye bazama ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesistimu nokwenza lula ukugcinwa kwayo. Ngakho-ke, amasistimu ane-partition yesihlungi esikhiphekayo asungulwe futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu.
Indawo yesihlungi nayo inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwento eshintshiwe. Isibonelo, e-Zhiguli yi-0,33 m2 (ukumelana okuphezulu kokungena emoyeni omusha kutholakala kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20 emgwaqeni omuhle). I-Volga inendawo enkulu - 1 m2 futhi ukungcola okuphelele kwenzeka ngemva kokugijima kwe-30 km.
Enye into emisha esetshenziswa kakhulu abashayeli isihlungi esingamelani ne-zero. Isihlungi saso siqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Indwangu kakotini egoqwe ngesethi yezikhathi futhi ifakwe ngamafutha akhethekile;
- izintambo ezimbili ze-aluminium ezicindezela indwangu futhi zinikeze isici ukuma kwayo.
Lo mklamo ikuvumela ukuthi ukwandise inani lomoya ongena emshinini izikhathi ezi-2. Inzuzo yayo enkulu ukuthi kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa kabusha (ngemuva kokugeza nokomisa).
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isihlungi ngasinye siqoqa ukungcola nothuli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ukusebenza kwaso kuyawohloka. Embhalweni wezobuchwepheshe wezimoto eziningi, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe isihlungi somoya njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10. Kodwa izimo zokusebenzisa imoto zihlukile, ngakho-ke kwenzeka ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuhlola isimo sale ngxenye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga ezilandelayo zibonisa ukuthi udinga ukushintsha isihlungi somoya:
- i-pop kusistimu yokukhipha umoya;
- amajika angazinzile;
- ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphakeme kunokujwayelekile;
- ukuqala okunzima kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
- ukwehla kwamandla okusheshisa imoto;
- imililo engalungile.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho isihlungi siphuka, hhayi kuphela ukusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ehluphekayo. Lokhu kunciphisa impilo yesevisi yama-injector, ama-spark plug nama-catalytic convector. Ukusebenza kwamaphampu kaphethiloli nezinzwa ze-oxygen kuphazamisekile.
Lapho ushayela ezimweni ezinhle, isihlungi somoya singase sanele ngaphezu kwe-10 km. Abashayeli abanolwazi batusa ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthi isimo saso sitholwe futhi, uma kwenzeka ukungcola okulinganiselwe, qhaqhazela futhi uhlanze kancane.
Konke kuncike ohlotsheni lwengxenye esetshenziswayo. Uma ususa udoti kancane emikhiqizweni yephepha le-mono bese uwubuyisela emuva, isihlungi se-zero singahlanzwa ngokujulile. Ikhiqizwa ngesethi yezigaba ezilandelayo.
- Susa isihlungi endaweni yaso elungiswayo.
- Hlanza isici sokuhlunga ngebhulashi elithambile le-bristle.
- Faka isicelo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi umkhiqizo okhethekile onconyelwe ukuhlanza imikhiqizo enjalo (K&N, Universal Cleaner noma JR).
- Bamba cishe imizuzu eyi-10.
- Geza kahle esitsheni bese ugeza ngamanzi agelezayo.
- Gxilisa into yokuhlunga ngokufaka okukhethekile
- Faka endaweni.
Le nqubo inconywa ukuthi yenziwe cishe kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu (kuncike ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo kwemoto). Futhi, ukwenza lula inqubo, ungayihlanganisa nokushintshwa kwamafutha.
Isihlungi somoya ohlanzekile singenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokugibela imoto ezinzile futhi ukonga.
