Imaphi amafutha okugcwalisa i-variator?
Izimo zokusebenza zamafutha e-CVT
Uhlobo oluzenzakalelayo lokudlulisela luhamba kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile lungena esikhundleni sezinketho zemishini zamabhokisi avela emakethe. Izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini ezenzakalelayo ziyancishiswa, futhi ukuthembeka nokuqina kwazo kwanda. Kuhlanganiswe nokunethezeka kokushayela kwama-othomathikhi uma kuqhathaniswa nama-transmission ashintshwayo, lo mkhuba unengqondo impela.
Izinhlobonhlobo (noma i-CVT, ekuhumusheni okushintshile isho ukuthi “ukudluliselwa okuguquguqukayo okuqhubekayo”) azikaze zibe nezinguquko ezinkulu mayelana nomklamo kusukela zasungulwa. Ukuthembeka kwebhande (noma iketanga) kuye kwanda, ukusebenza kahle kuye kwanda futhi impilo yonke yesevisi yokudlulisa iye yanda ekugqokeni okubucayi.
Futhi, ama-hydraulics, ngenxa yokunciphisa ubukhulu bezinto ezisebenzayo kanye nokwanda komthwalo kuwo, aqala ukudinga ukunemba okuphezulu kokusebenza. Futhi lokhu, kwabonakala ngezidingo zamafutha e-CVT.
Ngokungafani namafutha e-ATF ahloselwe ukusetshenziswa emishinini evamile, izithambisi zejubane eziguquguqukayo zisebenza ezimeni ezithize kakhulu.
Okokuqala, kufanele bakhiphe ngokuphelele ithuba lokucebisa kwabo ngamabhamuza omoya futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukubonakala kwezakhiwo ezicindezelayo. Ama-hydraulics, ashintsha futhi andise amapuleti ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-variator, kufanele asebenze ngokucacile ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma, ngenxa yamafutha amabi, amapuleti aqala ukusebenza ngokungalungile, lokhu kuzoholela ekunciphiseni noma okuphambene nalokho, ubuthakathaka obukhulu bebhande. Esimweni sokuqala, ngenxa yomthwalo owandayo, ibhande lizoqala ukwelula, okuzoholela ekunciphiseni kwensiza yalo. Ngokucindezeleka okunganele, kungaqala ukushelela, okuzobangela ukugqoka amapuleti kanye nebhande ngokwalo.
Okwesibili, amafutha e-CVT kufanele agcobe ngasikhathi sinye izingxenye zokuhlikihla futhi asuse ukuthi kungenzeka ukushelela kwebhande noma iketanga emapuletini. Emafutheni e-ATF emishini yendabuko ezenzakalelayo, ukushelela kancane kwama-clutches ngesikhathi sokushintsha ibhokisi kujwayelekile. Iketango ku-variator kufanele lisebenze ngokushelela okuncane kumapuleti. Ngokufanelekile, akukho ukushelela nhlobo.
Uma amafutha ane-lubricity ephezulu kakhulu, khona-ke lokhu kuzoholela ekusheleni kwebhande (chain), okungamukeleki. Umphumela ofanayo utholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo ezikhethekile, okuthi, emithwalweni ephezulu yokuxhumana ku-friction pair of the belt-plate, zilahlekelwe ezinye zezindawo zabo zokugcoba.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha egiya ama-variators
Asikho isigaba esisodwa samafutha e-CVT. Awekho amazinga ahlelekile, ajwayelekile amboza uwoyela omningi we-CVT, njengezigaba ezaziwa kakhulu ze-SAE noma ze-API zamafutha emoto.
Amafutha e-CVT ahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezimbili.
- Amakwe ngumkhiqizi njengento yokuthambisa eyenzelwe amabhokisi athile amamodeli athile emoto. Isibonelo, uwoyela we-CVT wezimoto eziningi zakwaNissan CVT abhalwe ukuthi Nissan futhi ayi-NS-1, NS-2, noma NS-3. I-Honda CVT noma uwoyela we-CVT-F uvame ukuthelwa kuma-Honda CVTs. Njalo njalo. Okusho ukuthi, uwoyela we-CVT amakwe ngophawu lwe-automaker kanye nokuvunyelwa.
- Imakwe kuphela ukubekezelelana. Lokhu kungokwemvelo emafutheni e-CVT angaqokwanga njengendawo yokuthambisa yohlobo oluthile lwemoto. Njengomthetho, amafutha afanayo afaneleka ezinhlotsheni eziningana zama-variators afakwe ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene kanye namamodeli ezimoto. Isibonelo, i-CVT Mannol Variator Fluid inezimvume ze-CVT ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zezimoto zaseMelika, zaseYurophu nase-Asia.
Isimo esibalulekile sokukhethwa okufanele kwamafutha ku-variator ukukhetha komkhiqizi. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisile, maningi impela amafutha okuhluka kwekhwalithi engabazekayo emakethe. Okufanelekile, kungcono ukuthenga izinto zokugcoba ezinophawu kumthengisi ogunyaziwe. Aqanjwa kaningi kunamafutha we-universal.
