Imaphi amabhethri asetshenziswa emotweni yeVolkswagen Polo nokuthi angashintshwa kanjani, indlela yokukhipha ibhethri ngezandla zakho
Okuqukethwe
Akunakwenzeka ukucabanga noma iyiphi imoto yesimanje namuhla ngaphandle kwebhethri. Kade zaphela izibambo ebezisetshenziswa ukujika i-crankshaft yenjini ukuze iqale. Namuhla, ibhethri elishajekayo (ACB) kufanele liqale ngokushesha futhi ngokuthembekile imoto kunoma yisiphi isithwathwa. Uma kungenjalo, umnikazi wemoto kuzodingeka ahambe ngezinyawo noma "akhanyise" injini ebhethri yemoto engumakhelwane. Ngakho-ke, ibhethri kufanele lihlale lisesimweni sokusebenza, libe neleveli yokushaja efanelekile.
Ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana namabhethri afakwe kwiVolkswagen Polo
Imisebenzi esemqoka yebhethri yesimanje yile:
- qala injini yemoto;
- qinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo wonke amadivaysi okukhanyisa, amasistimu we-multimedia, izingidi namasistimu okuvikela lapho injini icishiwe;
- gcwalisa amandla angekho avela kujeneretha ngezikhathi zomthwalo omkhulu.
Kubashayeli bezimoto baseRussia, inkinga yokuqala injini ngesikhathi sasebusika obubandayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Liyini ibhethri lemoto? Lona umshini oguqula amandla okusabela kwamakhemikhali abe ugesi, okudingekayo ukuqalisa injini, kanye nalapho icishiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, ibhethri liyaphela. Lapho injini iqalwa futhi iqala ukusebenza, inqubo yokuhlehla iyenzeka - ibhethri iqala ukushaja. Ugesi okhiqizwa ijeneretha ugcinwa emandleni amakhemikhali ebhethri.
Idivayisi yebhethri
Ibhethri yakudala iyisitsha esigcwele i-electrolyte ewuketshezi. Ama-Electrodes acwiliswa kwisisombululo se-sulfuric acid: negative (cathode) kanye ne-positive (anode). I-cathode iyipuleti elincane lomthofu elinendawo enezimbotshana. I-anode iyigridi emincane okucindezelwa kuyo i-lead oxide, enendawo enezimbotshana ukuze uxhumane kangcono ne-electrolyte. Amapuleti e-anode ne-cathode asondelene kakhulu, ahlukaniswe kuphela ungqimba lwesihlukanisi sepulasitiki.
Ebhethri lemoto, kunamabhulokhi angu-6 ahlanganisiwe (izigaba, amathini) ahlanganisa ama-cathodes ashintshanayo nama-anode. Ngamunye wabo angaletha i-current ye-2 Volts. Amabhange axhunywe ochungechungeni. Ngakho, i-voltage engu-12 volts ikhiqizwa kumatheminali okukhiphayo.
Ividiyo: ukuthi ibhethri le-lead-acid lisebenza futhi lisebenza kanjani
Izinhlobonhlobo zamabhethri esimanje
Ezimotweni, amabhethri ajwayeleke kakhulu futhi anenani elingcono kakhulu i-lead acid. Zihluke kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, isimo somzimba we-electrolyte futhi zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- I-SLI iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu, okuwuhlobo lwakudala. I-electrolyte emabhethri anjalo iyingxube ye-liquid yamanzi e-distilled kanye ne-sulfuric acid. Amabhethri anjalo afakwa kwiVolkswagen Polo ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwefekthri. Ukungalungi okukhulu kwamabhethri anjalo yizi:
- Ukwesaba ukukhishwa okujulile.
- Umthelela omubi wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
- Ukuwohloka kokusebenza ngenxa yokudlidliza namanye amathonya emishini.
- I-EFB inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-SLI. Umehluko usemapuletini aminyene apakishwe ku-microfiber ekhethekile. Izinsiza nezici zamabhethri anjalo zingcono kunezo zakudala, kodwa futhi zibiza kakhulu.
- I-AGM - isikhala phakathi kwamapuleti sigcwele i-glass fiber, efakwe nge-electrolyte. Lawa mabhethri awasabi ukukhishwa okujulile, ashajwa ngokushesha futhi ayakwazi ukuletha umsinga omkhulu wokuqala. Ungakwesabi ukudlidliza okunamandla. I-VAG ifaka amabhethri alolu hlobo ezimotweni zesizukulwane sakamuva, ezifakwe izinjini ezinohlelo lwe-Start-Stop. Izindleko zamabhethri anjalo ziphakeme kune-SLI ne-EFB.
Noma yiziphi kulezi zinhlobo ezingenhla zingafakwa ku-VW Polo uma izici zayo eziyinhloko zihambisana nalezi ezishiwo encwadini yesevisi.
Impilo yebhethri, ukunakekelwa kanye nokungasebenzi kahle
Izincwadi zesevisi ezihlinzekwa ngezimoto zakwaVW Polo azikuhlinzeki ngokushintshwa kwamabhethri. Okungukuthi, kahle, amabhethri kufanele asebenze kuyo yonke impilo yemoto. Kunconywa kuphela ukuhlola izinga lokushaja ibhethri, kanye nokuhlanza nokugcoba ama-terminals nge-compounds conductive ekhethekile. Le misebenzi kufanele yenziwe njalo eminyakeni emi-2 yokusebenza kwemoto.
Eqinisweni, isimo sihlukile - ukushintshwa kwebhethri kuyadingeka ngemva kweminyaka engu-4-5 yokusebenza kwayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ibhethri ngalinye lakhelwe inombolo ethile yemijikelezo yokushaja. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwenzeka izinguquko zamakhemikhali ezingenakulungiseka, eziholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla ebhethri. Kulokhu, ukungasebenzi okuyinhloko kwawo wonke amabhethri ukungakwazi kwabo ukuqala injini yemoto. Isizathu sokulahlekelwa amandla kungaba ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokusebenza noma ukuphela kwempilo yebhethri.
Uma kumabhethri amadala kwakungenzeka ukubuyisela ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte ngokungeza amanzi ase-distilled kuwo, khona-ke amabhethri esimanje awanakho ukugcinwa. Bangakhombisa kuphela izinga lokushaja kwabo, besebenzisa izinkomba. Uma kwenzeka ukulahlekelwa umthamo, azikwazi ukulungiswa futhi zidinga ukushintshwa.
Uma ibhethri lifile: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/kak-pravilno-prikurit-avtomobil-ot-drugogo-avtomobilya.html
Kushintshwa ibhethri kuVolkswagen Polo
Ibhethri enempilo kufanele iqale injini ngokushesha ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi (-30°C kuya +40°C). Uma ukuqala kunzima, udinga ukuhlola i-voltage kumatheminali usebenzisa i-multimeter. Ngokucisha umlilo, kufanele idlule ama-volts ayi-12. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokuqala, i-voltage akufanele iwele ngaphansi kwe-11 V. Uma izinga layo liphansi, udinga ukuthola isizathu sokushaja kwebhethri ephansi. Uma inkinga ikuyo, yishintshe.
Ibhethri kulula ukulishintsha. Ngisho nomshayeli osemncane angakwenza lokhu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga amathuluzi alandelayo:
- ukhiye we-10;
- ikhanda 13 ngesandiso;
- screwdriver slotted.
Ngaphambi kokukhipha ibhethri, vala zonke izinto ezisebenza ngogesi ekhabetheni. Uma unqamula ibhethri, kuzodingeka ukuthi usethe kabusha iwashi, futhi ukuze uvule umsakazo, kuzodingeka ufake ikhodi yokuvula. Uma kukhona i-automatic transmission, izilungiselelo zayo zizobuyela kuzilungiselelo zasefekthri, ngakho kungase kube namajerks ngesikhathi sokushintsha igiya ekuqaleni. Azonyamalala ngemuva kokujwayela ugesi ozishintshayo. Kuzodingeka ukulungisa kabusha ukusebenza kwamafasitela kagesi ngemva kokufaka ibhethri. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- I-hood iphakanyiswe ngaphezu kwegumbi lenjini.
- Kusetshenziswa ukhiye we-10, ithiphu yocingo iyakhishwa kutheminali yokukhipha ibhethri.
Uma uphakamisa ikhava phezu kwetheminali ethi “+” kusithwathwa, kungcono ukuyishisisa kuqala ukuze ingaphuli. - Ikhava iyaphakanyiswa, ichopho lentambo kutheminali yokuhlanganisa liyaxebuka.
- Izintambo zokubopha ibhokisi le-fuse zihlehliswa emaceleni.
- Ibhulokhi ye-fuse, kanye nethiphu yocingo ethi “+”, iyakhishwa ebhethrini futhi ibekwe eceleni.
- Ngokhiye ongu-13, ibhawodi liyakhishwa futhi ubakaki wokukhweza ibhethri uyakhishwa.
- Ibhethri liyakhishwa esihlalweni.
- Ikhava yerabha evikelayo iyakhishwa ebhethrini eselisetshenzisiwe bese ifakwa ebhethrini elisha.
- Ibhethri elisha lifakwe endaweni, livikelwe ngobakaki.
- Ibhokisi le-fuse libuyela endaweni yalo, iziphetho zocingo zigxilile kumatheminali ebhethri.
Ukuze amafasitela amandla abuyisele umsebenzi wawo, udinga ukwehlisa amafasitela, uwaphakamise kuze kube sekupheleni bese ubamba inkinobho phansi imizuzwana embalwa.
Ividiyo: ukukhipha ibhethri emotweni yeVolkswagen Polo
Imaphi amabhethri angafakwa kwiVolkswagen Polo
Amabhethri afanele izimoto ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni namandla ezinjini afakwe kuzo. Ubukhulu bubalulekile futhi ekukhethweni. Ngezansi izici nobukhulu ongakhetha ngazo ibhethri kunoma yiziphi izinguquko zeVolkswagen Polo.
Funda futhi mayelana nedivayisi yebhethri ye-VAZ 2107: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/elektrooborudovanie/kakoy-akkumulyator-luchshe-dlya-avtomobilya-vaz-2107.html
Imingcele yebhethri eyisisekelo ye-VW Polo
Ukuze ushaye i-crankshaft yenjini ebandayo, umzamo obalulekile uyadingeka ngesiqalisi. Ngakho-ke, isiqalo samanje amabhethri akwazi ukuqala "Volkswagen Polo" izinjini zikaphethiloli kufanele kube okungenani 480 amperes. Lesi isiqalo samabhethri afakwe embonini e-Kaluga. Uma kufika isikhathi sokushintsha, kungcono ukuthenga ibhethri elinesiqalo samanje esingu-480 kuya ku-540 amps.
Amabhethri kufanele abe nomthamo obabazekayo ukuze angashajwa ngemva kokuqala okungaphumelelanga kaningana okwenziwe ngokulandelana esimweni sezulu esibandayo. Umthamo webhethri wezinjini zikaphethiloli usukela ku-60 kuye ku-65 a/h. Izinjini ezinamandla zikaphethiloli nodizili zidinga umzamo omkhulu ukuze ziqale. Ngakho-ke, kumayunithi anjalo amandla, amabhethri asezingeni elifanayo lomthamo, kodwa ngokuqala kwamanje ka-500 kuya ku-600 amperes, afaneleka kangcono. Ngokuguqulwa ngakunye kwemoto, kusetshenziswa ibhethri, imingcele yayo ekhonjiswe encwadini yesevisi.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zici, ibhethri liphinde likhethwe ngokuvumelana nezinye imingcele:
- Ubukhulu - iVolkswagen Polo kumele ifakwe ibhethri elisezingeni lase-Europe, elingu-24.2 cm ubude, libe ngu-17.5 cm ububanzi, no-19 cm ukuphakama.
- Indawo yamatheminali - kufanele kube khona "+", okungukuthi, ibhethri eline-polarity ehlehlayo.
- Umphetho esisekelweni - kuyadingeka ukuze ibhethri likwazi ukulungiswa.
Kunamabhethri ambalwa athengiswayo alungele iVW Polo. Lapho ukhetha, udinga ukukhetha ibhethri elisebenza eduze kakhulu nalawo anconywe encwadini yesevisi ye-VAG. Ungafaka ibhethri elinamandla, kodwa ijeneretha ngeke ikwazi ukuyishaja ngokugcwele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhethri elibuthakathaka lizokhishwa ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokhu, insiza yayo izophela ngokushesha. Ngezansi kunamabhethri ashibhile aseRussia nakwamanye amazwe adayiswa iVolkswagen Polo enezinjini zikadizili nophethiloli.
Ithebula: amabhethri ezinjini zikaphethiloli, ivolumu kusuka 1.2 kuya 2 amalitha
| Ibhrendi yebhethri | Amandla Ah | Ukuqala okwamanje, a | Izwe lendabuko | Intengo, hlikihla. |
| I-Cougar Energy | 60 | 480 | ERussia | 3000-3200 |
| I-Cougar | 55 | 480 | ERussia | 3250-3400 |
| Inyoka | 60 | 480 | ERussia | 3250-3400 |
| I-Mega Start 6 CT-60 | 60 | 480 | ERussia | 3350-3500 |
| I-Vortex | 60 | 540 | Ukraine | 3600-3800 |
| I-Afa Plus AF-H5 | 60 | 540 | Czech Republic | 3850-4000 |
| I-Bosch S3 005 | 56 | 480 | Germany | 4100-4300 |
| I-Varta Black eguquguqukayo i-C14 | 56 | 480 | Germany | 4100-4300 |
Ithebula: amabhethri ezinjini zikadizili, ivolumu 1.4 kanye 1.9 l
| Ibhrendi yebhethri | Amandla Ah | Ukuqala okwamanje, a | Izwe lendabuko | Intengo, hlikihla. |
| I-Cougar | 60 | 520 | ERussia | 3400-3600 |
| I-Vortex | 60 | 540 | Ukraine | 3600-3800 |
| Tyumen Batbear | 60 | 500 | ERussia | 3600-3800 |
| I-Tudor Starter | 60 | 500 | Spain | 3750-3900 |
| I-Afa Plus AF-H5 | 60 | 540 | Czech Republic | 3850-4000 |
| I-Silver Star | 60 | 580 | ERussia | 4200-4400 |
| I-Silver Star Hybrid | 65 | 630 | ERussia | 4500-4600 |
| I-Bosch Silver S4 005 | 60 | 540 | Germany | 4700-4900 |
Funda ngomlando weVolkswagen Polo: https://bumper.guru/zarubezhnye-avto/volkswagen/test-drayv-folksvagen-polo.html
Izibuyekezo mayelana namabhethri aseRussia
Iningi labashayeli baseRussia likhuluma kahle ngazo zonke izinhlobo zamabhethri ezingenhla. Kodwa phakathi kwezibuyekezo kukhona nemibono engemihle. Amabhethri aseRussia alungile ngentengo yawo ephakathi, awavumeli isithwathwa, abambe icala ngokuzethemba. Amabhethri avela kwamanye amazwe akhiqizayo nawo asebenza kahle, kodwa abiza kakhulu. Ngezansi ezinye zezibuyekezo zabanikazi bezimoto.
Ibhethri yemoto ye-Cougar. Izinzuzo: ezingabizi. Ukungalungi: iqhwa ku-minus 20 °C. Ngathenga ibhethri ngoNovemba 2015 ngesincomo somthengisi futhi ekuqaleni kobusika ngazisola ngempela. Ngifike ngaphansi kwewaranti lapho ngayithenga khona, bangitshela ukuthi ibhethri lisanda kufakwa kudoti. Ukhokhe amanye angu-300. ngokungikhokhisa. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kungcono ukubonisana nabangane, futhi ungalaleli abathengisi abayiziphukuphuku.
Ibhethri lemoto ye-Cougar ibhethri elikhulu. Ngilithandile leli bhethri. Ithembekile kakhulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - inamandla kakhulu. Sekuphele izinyanga ezi-2 ngiyisebenzisa, ngiyithanda kakhulu.
I-VAZ 2112 - lapho ngithenga ibhethri ye-Mega Start, ngacabanga ukuthi unyaka ongu-1, bese ngithengisa imoto futhi okungenani utshani abukhuli. Kodwa angikaze ngiyithengise imoto, futhi ibhethri isivele yasinda ebusika obu-2.
Ibhethri le-Silverstar Hybrid 60 Ah, 580 Ah liyibhethri elifakazelwe futhi elithembekile. Izinzuzo: ukuqala okulula kwenjini esimweni sezulu esibandayo. Cons: Azikho izinkinga kuze kube manje. Awu, ubusika bufikile, isithwathwa. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwebhethri kuhambe kahle, kunikezwe ukuthi ukuqalisa kwenzeka nge-minus 19 degrees. Kunjalo, ngingathanda ukuhlola amadigri alo angaphansi kuka-30, kodwa kuze kube manje isithwathwa asinamandla futhi ngingahlulela kuphela ngemiphumela etholiwe. Amazinga okushisa angaphandle -28 ° C, aqala ngokushesha.
Kuvele ukuthi ibhethri elihle lemoto yesimanje alibalulekile kunenjini, ngakho-ke amabhethri adinga ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile nokunakekelwa okuncane. Uma imoto ishiywe egaraji isikhathi eside, kungcono ukunqamula ucingo ku-terminal "minus" ukuze ibhethri lingaqedi ngalesi sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhishwa okujulile kuvinjelwe amabhethri e-lead-acid. Ukushaja ibhethri ngokugcwele egaraji noma ekhaya, ungathenga amashaja asebenza emhlabeni wonke anokushajwa okushintshwayo.
