Indlela yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli emotweni ye-VAZ 2106

Amamodeli e-carburetor e-Zhiguli aphelelwe yisikhathi awekho ukonga. Ngokusho kwezimpawu zepasipoti, imoto ye-VAZ 2106 idla amalitha angu-9-10 kaphethiloli we-A-92 nge-100 km emjikelezweni wokushayela wasemadolobheni. Ukusetshenziswa kwangempela, ikakhulukazi ebusika, kudlula amalitha ayi-11. Njengoba intengo kaphethiloli ikhula njalo, umnikazi we "eziyisithupha" ubhekene nomsebenzi onzima - ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ngazo zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo.

Kungani i-VAZ 2106 ikhulisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli

Inani likaphethiloli elisetshenziswa injini evuthayo yangaphakathi lincike ezintweni eziningi - ezobuchwepheshe nokusebenza. Zonke izizathu zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-2:

1. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
2. Ama-nuances amancane akhulisa kancane ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.

Noma iyiphi inkinga ehlobene neqembu lokuqala ibonakala ngokushesha - ithangi lamafutha le-VAZ 2106 lithululwa phambi kwamehlo ethu. Izici zesibili azishiwo kangako - udinga umthelela ofanayo wezinkinga ezincane ezimbalwa ukuze umshayeli anake ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe.

Izizathu eziyinhloko zokwandisa ukusetshenziswa ngo-10-50%:

• ukugqoka okubucayi kweqembu le-cylinder-piston lenjini nama-valve ekhanda le-cylinder;
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwezakhi zokuhambisa uphethiloli - iphampu kaphethiloli noma i-carburetor;
• ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokushisa;
• ukushayela ngama-brake pads;
• isitayela sokushayela esinolaka, okusho ukusheshisa okuguquguqukayo njalo kanye nokubhuleka;
• ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli yekhwalithi ephansi enenombolo ye-octane ephansi;
• izimo zokusebenza ezinzima zemoto - ukudonsa inqola, ukuthutha izimpahla, ukushayela emigwaqweni engcolile neqhwa.

Lapho udonsa inqola enkulu, izindleko zikaphethiloli zikhuphuka ngo-30-50%

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukungasebenzi okukodwa okwenzeka ezimotweni ezindala - ukuvuza kukaphethiloli ngethangi legesi elibolile noma ulayini wamafutha. Nakuba ithangi lifihliwe esiqwini futhi livikelwe kahle emathonyeni angaphandle, kwezinye izimo ukugqwala kufinyelela phansi ethangini ngenxa yokugqwala ngaphansi.

Amaphuzu amancane angeza u-1-5% ekuhambeni:

• ukucindezela kwesondo okunganele;
• ukushayela ebusika ngenjini ebandayo;
• ukwephulwa kwe-aerodynamics yemoto - ukufakwa kwezibuko ezinkulu, amafulegi ahlukahlukene, ama-antenna engeziwe kanye nezinsimbi zomzimba ezingajwayelekile;
• ukushintshwa kwamathayi avamile ngesethi engajwayelekile yosayizi omkhulu;
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-chassis nokumiswa, okuholela ekwandeni kokungqubuzana nokukhethwa kwamandla enjini amaningi;
• ukufakwa kwabasebenzisi bakagesi abanamandla abalayisha ijeneretha (izibani zangaphambili ezengeziwe, izipikha nama-subwoofers).

Inani elikhulu lamakhithi omzimba nezinto zokuhlobisa zangaphandle azifaki isandla emnothweni kaphethiloli, njengoba zephula i-aerodynamics "yesithupha"

Ngokuvamile, abashayeli baya ekwandiseni ukusetshenziswa ngokuqaphela. Isibonelo ukusebenza kwe "eziyisithupha" ezimweni ezinzima noma ukufakwa kwemishini kagesi. Kodwa ngenxa yomnotho, ungakwazi ukubhekana nezinye izimbangela - ukungasebenzi okuhlukahlukene kanye nesitayela sokushayela "esijeqeza".

Okuningi mayelana nemishini kagesi i-VAZ-2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/elektrooborudovanie/elektroshema-vaz-2106.html

"Ukuminza" kwemoto kungase kwande ngenxa yokulungisa - ukwanda kokuhamba kwenjini, ukungezwa kwe-turbocharging nezinye izenzakalo ezifanayo. Lapho, ngokushintsha i-crankshaft, ngilethe ukukhishwa kwamasilinda enjini ka-21011 kuya ku-1,7 amalitha, ukusetshenziswa kwanda ngo-10-15%. Ukwenza "eziyisithupha" ukonga, kwadingeka ngifake i-Solex carburetor yesimanje (imodeli DAAZ 2108) kanye nebhokisi lamagiya amahlanu.

Ukufaka i-Solex carburetor kusuka ku-VAZ 2108 ikuvumela ukuba ulungise kalula ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli "eziyisithupha" ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla okusheshisa.

Ukuxilongwa nokuqedwa kwezinkinga zobuchwepheshe

Ukwenyuka okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli akukaze kwenzeke ngaphandle kwesizathu. "Icala" livame ukutholwa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukwehla kwamandla enjini, ukuwohloka okubonakalayo kokudonsa nokusheshisa amandla;
• iphunga likaphethiloli emotweni;
• ukwehluleka kokungenzi lutho;
• ama-jerks kanye nama-dips ohlelweni lokunyakaza;
• injini iyama kungazelelwe ngenkathi ushayela;
• ngokungenzi lutho, isivinini se-crankshaft "siyantanta";
• kusuka emasondweni kuvela iphunga lamaphedi ashisiwe, umsindo ovela ku-friction eyengeziwe.

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise inkinga eyodwa noma eziningi zobuchwepheshe. Ukuze wonge uphethiloli, funda ukuhlonza ngokushesha umthombo wenkinga futhi ulungise ngokushesha inkinga - wena noma esiteshini sesevisi.

I-cylinder piston neqembu le-valve

Ukugqokwa kwemvelo kwamapiston namaringi kubangela imiphumela elandelayo:

1. Kwakhiwa igebe phakathi kwezindonga zamasilinda namapiston, lapho amagesi aphuma ekamelweni elivuthayo engena khona. Edlula ku-crankcase, amagesi akhipha umoya athunyelwa ngohlelo lokungenisa umoya ukuze ashiswe, angcolise amajethi omoya we-carburetor futhi anothise ngokweqile ingxube kaphethiloli.
   

   Amagesi angena ngegebe elizungeze ipiston eligugile, ukucindezelwa kwengxube evuthayo kuba kubi kakhulu.
2. Ukucindezelwa kuyehla, izimo zokushiswa kukaphethiloli ziba zimbi. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla adingekayo, injini iqala ukusebenzisa uphethiloli owengeziwe, futhi ingxenye yebhubesi kaphethiloli ongashiswanga iphonswa ngaphandle ngomgudu wokukhipha umoya.
3. Amafutha enjini angena emakamelweni omlilo, okwenza isimo sibe sibi. Ungqimba lwe-soot ezindongeni nama-electrode kubangela ukuthi ikhanda lesilinda lishise ngokweqile.

Ukugqoka okubalulekile kweqembu le-cylinder-piston kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-20-40%. Ukushiswa kwe-valve kuholela ekuhlulekeni okuphelele kwesilinda kanye nokwanda kokugeleza ngo-25%. Lapho injini ye-VAZ 2106 icishiwe amasilinda angu-2, ukulahlekelwa kukaphethiloli kufinyelela ku-50%, futhi imoto empeleni "ayishayeli".

Ngesikhathi ngilungisa i-Zhiguli, ngahlangana ngokuphindaphindiwe nezimoto ezifika ngamasilinda amabili - ezinye "zifile". Abanikazi bakhala ngokushoda kwamandla nokusetshenziswa kwendawo kukaphethroli. Ukuxilongwa kuhlale kwembula izizathu ezi-2 - ama-valve ashile noma ukwehluleka kwe-spark plug.

I-valve eshisiwe ivumela amagesi ukuba adlule kuzo zombili izinkomba, ukucindezela kwehla ku-zero futhi isilinda sihluleka ngokuphelele.

Ungahlola kanjani injini ukuthi igqokile:

1. Naka umbala we-exhaust - imfucuza yamafutha inika intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
2. Nqamula ipayipi lokungenisa umoya le-crankcase endaweni yesihlungi somoya, qala injini. Ngezindandatho zokucindezela ezigugile, i-exhaust eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka izophuma epayipini.
3. Hlola ukucindezela kuwo wonke amasilinda kushisa. Inkomba encane evumelekile yibha engu-8,5-9.
4. Uma i-gauge yokucindezela ibonisa ingcindezi ku-cylinder ye-1-3 bar, i-valve (noma ama-valve amaningana) ayisebenzi.

I-exhaust ewugqinsi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibonisa ukumosheka kwamafutha enjini nokuguga kweqembu le-piston

Ukuze ekugcineni uqinisekise ukuthi i-valve iyasha, thela u-10 ml we-lubricant motor kusilinda bese uphinda ukuhlolwa kokucindezela. Uma ukucindezela kuphakama, shintsha izindandatho nama-pistons, ahlale engashintshi - lahla ama-valve.

Ukufundwa kwegeji yomfutho onguziro kukhombisa ukuvuza kwesilinda ngenxa yokusha kwamavalvu

Ukugqokwa kwezakhi kanye "ne-voracity" yenjini kuphathwa ngendlela kuphela - ngokulungiswa kabusha nokushintshwa kwezingxenye ezingasebenziseki. Isinqumo sokugcina senziwa ngemva kokuhlakaza iyunithi yamandla - kungase kwenzeke ukonga imali - shintsha ama-valve namasongo kuphela.

Ividiyo: indlela yokulinganisa ukucindezela ku-VAZ 2106 cylinders

ISILINGANISO SOKUCINDEZELA i-VAZ 2106

Isistimu yokuphakelwa kwamafutha

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwaleli qembu kubangela ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokweqile kwe-10-30%, kuye ngokungasebenzi kahle okuthile. Ukuhlukaniswa okuvame kakhulu:

• ukwanda kwezinga likaphethiloli ekamelweni lokuntanta le-carburetor;
• amajethi omoya avaliwe (esinye sezizathu sichazwe ngenhla);
• i-abrasion of throttle valves - kwakheka izikhala emaphethelweni, lapho injini idonsa khona uphethiloli ngenxa yokungajwayelekile;
• ukulungiswa okungafanelekile kwe-carburetor - ukwephulwa kwezilungiselelo zokusekela nezikulufu zikaphethiloli;
• ukuvuza komoya ku-flange ye-multifold intake noma kuma-ax we-throttle valves;
• ukuphuka kwe-diaphragm engezansi yepompo likaphethiloli.

Uma ingaphakathi lemoto linuka uphethiloli: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/zapah-benzina-v-salone.html

Ukungasebenzi kokugcina yikona okucashile kakhulu. Ipompo iphampa uphethiloli ngezindlela ezi-2 - ukuya ku-carburetor nangaphakathi kwe-crankcase yenjini ngenduku yokushayela. Amafutha ayancibilika, amaconsi okucindezela, imfucumfucu kaphethiloli igcwalisa ubuningi bokudla futhi inothisa kakhulu ingxube, ukusetshenziswa kukhuphuka ngo-10-15%. Indlela yokubona: khipha ishubhu lokuphefumula injini egijima futhi uhogele kahle amagesi. Iphunga elibukhali likaphethiloli lizobonisa ngokushesha ukungasebenzi kahle.

Uma kunophethiloli ku-crankcase, kuzophuma intuthu enephunga elimnandi epayipini elikhishiwe.

Ngibheka ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukaphethiloli yi-carburetor ngale ndlela elandelayo: Ngisusa indlu yokuhlunga umoya, ngiqale injini futhi ngibheke ngaphakathi kwe-diffuser yegumbi eliyisisekelo. Uma iyunithi "ichichima", iwa kusuka ku-atomizer ku-damper evela phezulu, injini isabela ngokushesha ngokugxuma ngesivinini. Njengoba uphethiloli oweqile uvutha, ukungenzi lutho kuzobuyela kokujwayelekile kuze kube ukuwa okulandelayo.

Enye indlela yokuhlola i-carburetor ukuqinisa isikulufu "sekhwalithi" ngenjini egijima. Vula isilawuli nge-screwdriver bese ubala amajika - ekugcineni injini kufanele imise. Uma iyunithi yamandla iqhubeka nokusebenza ngesikulufu esiqinisiwe, khona-ke uphethiloli ungena ku-manifold ngqo. I-carburetor kufanele isuswe, ihlanzwe futhi ilungiswe.

Uma injini yezitebele "eziyisithupha" iphephile, khulula isikulufu ngenani elibaliwe lama-revolution.

Ungazami ukonga imali ngokushintsha amajethi ajwayelekile e-carburetor ngezingxenye ezinendawo encane yokugeleza. Ingxube evuthayo izoba mpofu, imoto izolahlekelwa amandla namandla. Uzokwandisa ukusetshenziswa ngokwakho - uzoqala ukucindezela i-accelerator pedal ngokujulile.

Enye inkinga ilele kumajethi athengiswe njengengxenye yezinto zokulungisa ama-Ozone carburetors. Kanye nama-diaphragms aphukile, abanikazi bafaka amajethi amasha - amahle futhi acwebezelayo. Njengoba nginama-gauge okulinganisa akhethekile, ngalahla ubuhle obuningi obunjalo ngesizathu esisodwa: ububanzi bomgodi wokudlula awuhambisani nombhalo (njengomthetho, isigaba senziwa sikhulu). Ungalokothi ushintshe amajethi avamile - impilo yabo yenkonzo yangempela yiminyaka engama-20-30.

Ukushintsha i-diaphragm yepompo likaphethiloli akunzima:

1. Nqamula amapayipi amafutha.
2. Khumula amantongomane okubopha angu-2 ngesikrufu esingu-13 mm.
   

   Iphampu yegesi ye-Zhiguli iboshelwe kwi-flange ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenjini (lapho uhamba khona)
3. Khipha iphampu kuma-studs futhi ukhulule indlu nge-screwdriver.
4. Faka ulwelwesi olusha lwe-3, hlanganisa iyunithi futhi unamathisele ku-motor flange, esikhundleni se-gasket yekhadibhodi.
   

   Ipompo ye-petroli ye-VAZ 2106 inezingxube ezi-3, zihlala zishintsha ndawonye

Uma iphampu kaphethiloli idonsa uphethiloli ku-crankcase isikhathi eside, qiniseka ukuthi ushintsha uwoyela. Ngiyazazi izimo lapho, ehlobo, ngenxa yokugcoba okuhlanjululwe, i-crankshaft iphendulela ama-bearings angenalutho (ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-liner). Ukulungisa kubiza kakhulu - udinga ukuthenga amalayini wokukhanda amasha futhi ugaye amajenali e-crankshaft.

Ividiyo: ukusetha i-Ozone carburetor

Ukulungisa i-carburetor vaz 2106

Izinto zokuthungela

Ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwezinhlansi nakho kubangela ukuthi iyunithi yamandla idle uphethiloli oweqile. Isibonelo: ngenxa yomlilo ongalungile, ingxenye yengxube evuthayo edonswa ekamelweni elivuthayo yi-piston indizela ngokuphelele epayipini phakathi nomjikelezo olandelayo. Akuzange kubheduke, akukho msebenzi owenziwe, uphethiloli owamoshwayo.

Izinkinga ezivamile zesistimu yokubasa ezibangela ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokweqile:

1. Ukwehluleka kwekhandlela kuholela ekuhlulekeni kwe-cylinder - plus 25% ekusebenziseni uphethiloli.
2. Ukuqhekeka kwe-insulation yezintambo ezinama-voltage aphezulu kunciphisa amandla e-spark, ingxube ye-air-fuel ayishisi ngokuphelele. Izinsalela ziphushwa ku-exhaust manifold, lapho zingasha ngaphandle kokuzuzisa injini (ama-pop azwakala epayipini).
3. Izinhlansi ziba zimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezingxenye zokusabalalisa - ukuwohloka kwekhava, ukutubeka kweqembu lokuxhumana, ukugqokwa kwezimpahla.
   

   Iqembu lokuxhumana lemishini kufanele lihlanzwe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi lilungiswe libe yigebe lika-0,4 mm
4. Uma i-diaphragm yeyunithi ye-vacuum ihluleka noma iziphethu zesilawuli se-centrifugal ziba buthaka, isikhathi sokuvutha siyehla. Inhlansi inikezwa sekwephuzile, amandla enjini ehla, ukusetshenziswa kwengxube evuthayo kukhuphuka ngo-5-10%.

Ngithola ikhandlela elingasebenzi ngendlela endala "yakudala". Ngiqala injini, ngifake iglavu ye-dielectric futhi, ngamunye ngamunye, ngisuse ama-cradle koxhumana nabo bamakhandlela. Uma isivinini se-crankshaft sehla ngesikhathi sokuvalwa, isici silungile, ngiqhubekela kusilinda esilandelayo.

Akufanele ususe ucingo lwe-armored ngezandla zakho - faka igilavu ​​​​noma usebenzise amapulangwe

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuxilonga umshayeli ongenalwazi ukufaka esikhundleni somsabalalisi noma izintambo ezinamandla kagesi. Uma kungekho msabalalisi oyisipele egaraji, hlanza noma ushintshe iqembu lokuxhumana - ingxenye eyisipele ayibizi. Ukudlala kwe-Bearing kuhlolwa mathupha ngokunyakazisa i-turntable phezulu naphansi. Thola ubuqotho be-vacuum block membrane ngokudweba umoya ngeshubhu eliholela ku-carburetor.

Amathiphu ajwayelekile okusebenza kwemoto

Ukuze unciphise umthelela wezinto zesibili futhi uzuze ukonga kwangempela kukaphethiloli, landela imithetho embalwa elula:

1. Gcwalisa ngophethiloli ngesilinganiso se-octane okungenani esingu-92 ngokwezincomo zomenzi. Uma ngephutha uhlangana nophethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi, zama ukuwukhipha ethangini bese ufaka uphethiloli ngophethiloli ojwayelekile.
2. Gcina ukucindezela kwesondo okunconyiwe kwe-1,8-2 atm kuye ngomthwalo.
   

   Umfutho womoya kufanele uhlolwe okungenani kanye ngesonto
3. Phakathi nenkathi ebandayo, fudumeza iyunithi yamandla ngaphambi kokushayela. I-algorithm imi kanje: qala injini, ivumele isebenze imizuzu engu-2-5 (kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya), bese uqala ukushayela kancane ngamagiya aphansi.
4. Ungalibali ukulungiswa kwe-chassis, landela inqubo yokulungisa ama-angles e-camber - i-toe-in yamasondo angaphambili.
5. Uma ufaka amathayi abanzi, shintsha amasondo anezigxivizo abe amasondo e-alloy. Ngale ndlela, kuzokwazi ukunxephezela ukwanda kwesisindo samasondo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka kwe "classic".
   

   Ukufaka amasondo e-alloy esikhundleni sensimbi kukuvumela ukuthi ukhanyise amasondo ngamakhilogremu ayishumi nambili
6. Musa ukulenga imoto ngezinto zangaphandle ezingadingekile ezandisa ukumelana ne-aerodynamic kwemvelo. Uma ungumuntu othanda ukwenza isitayela, thatha ikhithi yomzimba yangaphambili enhle futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, qaqa ibhampa endala.

Ngokungafani nezimoto zanamuhla, lapho ipayipi yokugcwalisa ifakwe igridi, ukuthulula ithangi eliyisithupha kulula kakhulu. Faka ipayipi entanyeni, wehlise esitsheni bese uqondisa uphethiloli ku-spare canister ngokumunca.

Ukumelana nomoya kunomthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli wenjini. Uma siqhathanisa ukunyakaza ku-60 no-120 km / h, ukumelana ne-aerodynamic kwandisa izikhathi ezingu-6, nesivinini - izikhathi ezi-2 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, amafasitela ohlangothini olunxantathu afakwe eminyango yangaphambili yawo wonke amaZhiguli engeza u-2-3% ekusetshenzisweni esimweni esivulekile.

Thola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukugcwalisa ithangi eligcwele lemoto: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/pochemu-nelzya-zapravlyat-polnyy-bak-benzina.html

Ividiyo: indlela yokulondoloza igesi ngezindlela ezilula

Indlela yokunciphisa UKUDLA KWAMAFUTHA?!

Amakhono okushayela ezomnotho

Abashayeli bafundiswa ukushayela ngendlela efanele esikoleni sokushayela. Lapho usebenzisa i-VAZ 2106 yasekhaya "yakudala", amaphuzu amaningi kufanele acatshangelwe:

1. Igiya lokuqala lemoto "lifushane". I-spin ngokuqinile injini ayifanelekile, iqalile - iya egiyeni lesibili.
2. Ukusheshisa nokuma okubukhali okuvama kuyisishayo sangempela sanoma iyiphi imoto, kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukaphethiloli, ukuguga kwezingxenye nezakhiwo kuyashesha. Hamba kancane kancane, zama ukuyeka kancane, sebenzisa inertia (ukubuyisela emuva) yemoto.
3. Gcina isivinini sakho sokuhamba ngomkhumbi emgwaqweni omkhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Inani elilungile le "isithupha" nge-gearbox ye-80-speed yi-90 km / h, nebhokisi elinesivinini ezinhlanu - XNUMX km / h.
4. Lapho uguqa phansi, ungacimi isivinini - bhuleka ngenjini bese ubuka i-tachometer. Lapho inaliti yehla ngaphansi kuka-1800 rpm, shintsha ungene egiyeni elingathathi hlangothi noma eliphansi.
5. Esiminyaminyeni sezimoto edolobheni, ungayicishi mahhala injini. Uma isikhathi sokungenzi lutho singeqi emaminithini angu-3-4, ukumisa nokuqalisa injini "kuzodla" uphethiloli ongaphezu kokungenzi lutho.

Behamba emigwaqweni ephithizelayo yasemadolobheni, abashayeli abanokuhlangenwe nakho balandela izimpawu zamarobhothi akude. Uma ubona ukukhanya okuluhlaza buqamama, akukho ukushesha - uze ufike lapho, uzowela ngaphansi kokubomvu. Futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, ngemva kokuqaphela isignali ebomvu, kungcono ukusheshisa nokushayela ngaphansi kohlaza. Iqhinga elichaziwe livumela umshayeli ukuthi ame kancane phambi kwamarobhothi futhi ngale ndlela onge uphethiloli.

Ngokumelene nesizinda sokukhuphuka kwamanani kaphethiloli, ukushayela izimoto eziphelelwe yisikhathi kubiza ngokuphindiwe. I "eziyisithupha" kumele zihlale ziqashwe futhi zilungiswe ngesikhathi, ukuze ungakhokhi imali eyengeziwe ngophethiloli. Ukushayela okunamandla akuhambisani nhlobo ne-carburetor "yakudala", lapho amandla eyunithi yamandla engeqi ku-80 hp. Nge.