Isebenza kanjani i-airbag?

Isistimu yokuphepha yemoto engenzi lutho ihlanganisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto: i-airbag. Umsebenzi wayo ukuthambisa ikhanda nezinye izitho zomzimba zabantu abasemotweni ngesikhathi ishayisana. Kulo mbhalo, uzofunda lapho lezi zindlela zitholakala emotweni, yini elawula ama-airbag nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nokwehluleka kwabo. Hlanganyela nathi futhi wandise ulwazi lwakho lwezimoto!

Iyini i-airbag emotweni?

Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, i-airbag ingenye yalezo zingxenye eziklanyelwe ukuvikela impilo nempilo yabantu abasemotweni ngesikhathi sengozi. Ngaphambili, ibingafakiwe kuzo zonke izimoto. Namuhla kuyindlela eyimpoqo ezimotweni futhi inikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha.

Iqukethe izakhi zesakhiwo ezi-3 eziyinhloko. Lokhu:

• umyalo wokwenza kusebenze;
• isibasi esiqinile samafutha;
• umcamelo wegesi.

Asebenza kanjani ama-airbag emoto?

Izinhlelo zesimanje zokuphepha ze-airbag zibanzi ngokwe-pyrotechnics kanye ne-electromechanics. Ngokusekelwe kumasignali enzwa yokuphahlazeka, isilawuli se-airbag sithola futhi sihumushe ushintsho olusheshayo esignali yesivinini semoto. Inquma ukuthi ukwehla kwejubane kungenxa yokushayisana nesithiyo futhi kusebenzisa igesi ekhiqiza ithangi likaphethiloli eliqinile. I-airbag ehambisana nendawo yomthelela iyasetshenziswa futhi igcwala igesi engenangozi, ngokuvamile i-nitrogen. Igesi ikhishwa lapho umshayeli noma umgibeli encike esivimbelweni.

Umlando we-Airbag

UJohn Hetrick noWalter Linderer bakha amasistimu okuvimbela asebenzisa ama-airbag. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi bobabili benza ngokuzimela komunye nomunye, futhi izinto zabo eziqanjiwe zadalwa cishe ngasikhathi sinye futhi zazifana kakhulu komunye nomunye. Amalungelo obunikazi abenobuhlakani obusha mayelana nokuvikela impilo nempilo yomshayeli, kodwa futhi abe nezithiyo ezithile. Ukulungiswa okwethulwe ngu-Allen Breed kwenze i-airbag yashesha, yaphepha futhi yazwela kakhudlwana emithelela. Amasistimu asetshenziswayo njengamanje asekelwe ezisombululweni zakhe ezasetshenziswa kuma-60s.

Ama-airbag okuqala emotweni

Ngokushesha ngemva kokusungulwa kwezinhlelo zokuphepha ezichazwe, iGeneral Motors neFord baba nesithakazelo esikhulu kumalungelo obunikazi. Kodwa-ke, kuthathe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba ukusungulwa kusebenze kahle futhi kusebenze ngokwanele ukufakwa ezimotweni. Ngakho-ke, i-airbag yavela ezimotweni hhayi eminyakeni engu-50 futhi hhayi ngisho nangama-60s, kodwa ngo-1973 kuphela. Yethulwe ngabakwa-Oldsmobile, abakhiqiza izimoto zezigaba eziphakeme nezimoto zikanokusho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba khona, kodwa airbag njengoba uhlelo wasinda futhi kwaba cishe impoqo ebhodini zonke izimoto.

Isebenza nini i-airbag emotweni?

Ukwehla okungazelelwe ngemuva kokushaya isithiyo kuhunyushwa uhlelo lokuphepha njengosongo kumshayeli nabagibeli. Isihluthulelo ezimotweni zanamuhla yisimo semoto maqondana nesithiyo. Ukusabela kwama-airbag angaphambili, ohlangothini, phakathi nendawo kanye namakhethini kuncike kukho. Izoqhuma nini i-airbag? Ukuze ama-airbag asebenze, ijubane lemoto kufanele lehliswe kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, isici esisebenzayo asikwazi ukuqalwa.

Ingabe i-airbag endala izosebenza?

Abanikazi bezimoto ezindala bangazibuza lo mbuzo. Babehlale bene-airbag esiteringini nakudeshibhodi. Nokho, ukushayela ngaphandle kokulimala akuvumeli uhlelo ukuthi lusebenze iminyaka eminingi. Ekuqaleni, abakhiqizi bezimoto bacacisa ukuthi i-airbag kufanele ishintshwe njalo eminyakeni eyi-10-15. Lokhu kwakudingeka kuhlotshaniswe nengozi yokulimala kwejeneretha yegesi kanye nokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zempahla ye-cushion ngokwayo. Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, kwadingeka bashintshe izingqondo zabo ngakho. Ngisho nezinhlelo zokuvikela ezindala zizosebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Kungani i-airbag icishe isebenze ngo-100% yize iminyaka ihamba?

Izinto zithinta lokhu. I-air cushion yenziwe ngenhlanganisela yekotini nezinto zokwenziwa kanye nezihlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma sekudlule iminyaka eminingi ayilahli ukuqina kwayo. Yini enye eyenza iphumelele? Ukubeka izinhlelo zokulawula kanye nejeneretha ngaphansi kwezakhi zengaphakathi lemoto kuyisiqinisekiso sokuvikela umswakama, okuthi ngesikhathi esibalulekile kungaba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwesistimu. Abantu abathintekayo ekugayweni kabusha kwama-airbag ezimotweni ezindala bathi amaphesenti ama-airbag angasebenzi mancane.

Ingabe kuphephile ukufaka i-airbag?

Ikuphi ukwesaba okuvame kakhulu komuntu ongakaze abone i-airbag ngaphambili? Abashayeli bangase besabe ukuthi ikhava yangaphambili yesibambo, eyenziwe ngepulasitiki noma enye impahla, izobashaya ebusweni. Phela kumele ngandlela thize afike phezulu, phezulu kophondo kuyamfihla. Kodwa-ke, ama-airbag aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi uma kwenzeka kuqhuma, ikhava yesiteringi idatshulwe ngaphakathi bese ichezukela emaceleni. Lokhu kulula ukukuqinisekisa ngokubuka ividiyo yokuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka. Ngakho-ke uma ushaya ubuso bakho, ungesabi ukushaya ipulasitiki. Ayikusongeli.

Yini enye ethinta ukuphepha kwama-airbag?

Kukhona okungenani ezinye izinto ezimbili ezihlobene nama-airbag okufanele ukubalulwa esimweni sokunethezeka komshayeli nabagibeli. I-airbag inamavalvu avumela igesi ecindezelwe ukuthi iphume. Lesi sixazululo sisetshenziswe ngenxa yokukhathalela impilo yabantu abasemotweni. Ngaphandle kwayo, ikhanda nezinye izitho zomzimba, ngaphansi kwesenzo sokungaguquguquki, zingashaya isikhwama esiqine kakhulu esigcwele igesi. Kucishe kube umuzwa ofanayo lapho amabhola ebhola ekulimaza ebusweni bakho.

I-Airbag yokunethezeka nesikhathi sokwenza kusebenze

Olunye udaba olubalulekile wukusabela kohlelo uma imoto ishayisa isithiyo. Ngisho nangejubane eliphansi lika-50-60 km / h, umzimba womuntu (ikakhulukazi ikhanda) uhamba ngokushesha ubheke kwisondo lokuqondisa kanye nedeshibhodi. Ngakho-ke, i-airbag ivamise ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele ngemva kwama-millisecond angaba ngu-40. Incane kunokucwayiza kweso. Lolu wusizo olubalulekile kumuntu ohamba ngokuvilapha ebheke ezintweni eziqinile zemoto.

Ama-airbag asetshenzisiwe - yini okufanele ayenze ngawo?

Uma ama-airbag etshalwe emotweni yakho ngemuva kwengozi, nakanjani unokuthile ongakujabulela. Cishe bakusindise ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho ulungisa imoto, kuyadingeka futhi ukuvuselela noma ukufaka esikhundleni sesistimu yokuphepha ngokwayo. Ngeshwa, le nqubo ayikhawulelwe ekufakeni i-cartridge entsha ye-pyrotechnic kanye nephedi. Udinga futhi ukufaka esikhundleni:

• izakhi zangaphakathi ezilimele;
• amapulasitiki;
• ibhande lokuphepha;
• isiteringi nakho konke okonakele ngenxa yokuqalisa ukusebenza. 

Ku-OCA, inqubo enjalo ibiza okungenani ama-zloty ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa (kuye ngokuthi imoto).

I-Airbag Indicator Light and Post Deployment Repair

Izimoto ezifika ePoland zivame ukuba nomlando wengozi "othakazelisayo". Vele, abantu abangathembekile bafuna ukufihla lolu lwazi. Azishintshi izinto zesistimu yezokuphepha, kodwa zidlule izinzwa nesilawuli. Kanjani? I-airbag ithathelwa indawo i-dummy, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ngamaphephandaba (!). Inkomba ngokwayo idlulwa ngokuxhuma inzwa, isibonelo, ngokushaja ibhethri. Kungenzeka futhi ukufaka i-resistor ekhohlisa ukuxilongwa kwe-electronic futhi ilingise ukusebenza okulungile kwesistimu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi imoto yakho inama-airbag?

Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi akwenzeki ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhona yini owenza le mikhuba. Zimbili kuphela izindawo zokuphuma zokuhlola ubukhona bangempela bama-airbag emotweni. Inketho yokuqala ukuhlola ngekhompyutha yokuxilonga. Uma umakhenikha ongathembekile engazange azihluphe ngokufaka i-resistor, kodwa washintsha kuphela ukuxhumeka kwezilawuli, lokhu kuzophuma ngemva kokuhlola i-ECU. Nokho, lokhu akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Kuthiwani uma ufuna ngempela ukuhlola isimo sama-airbag akho?

Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela eqinisekile engu-100% ukuqaqa izinto zangaphakathi. Ufika kanjalo emicamelo. Nokho, lena isevisi ebiza kakhulu. Bambalwa abanikazi bezimoto abanquma ukuthatha lesi sinyathelo ukuze bahlole ama-airbag. Nokho, le ndlela kuphela ekwazi ukukunikeza ulwazi oluphelele mayelana nesimo imoto.

Ezimotweni ezikhiqizwayo njengamanje, i-airbag ifakwa ezindaweni eziningi. Ezimotweni zesimanje kakhulu, kukhona ama-airbag amaningana kuya kwenqwaba. Zivikela umshayeli nabagibeli cishe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Lokhu, yiqiniso, iresiphi yokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwabantu ngaphakathi. Iyini ingozi yalesi simiso? Ngokuvamile lona umsindo odalwa ukuqhuma nokupholisa ngokushesha kwe-nitrogen eshisayo. Nokho, lokhu kuyinto encane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zalesi sakhi.