Ngabe i-flywheel isebenza kanjani?

Izimoto zanamuhla zakhiwa izingxenye eziningi nezakhi, ngayinye edlala indima ebalulekile.

Yini i-flywheel futhi iyini indima yayo?
 

I-flywheel imvamisa iyisentimitha sensimbi esindayo engu-12 kuya kwayi-15 enomqhele wensimbi onamakha ngaphandle. Ibekwe ku-crankshaft yenjini futhi itholakala ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, i-flywheel ixhunywe ngokuhlelekile enjini, i-clutch ne-gearbox.

Kunemisebenzi eminingi eyenziwa iflwheel:
 

Isiza ukuqala injini
Uma ungena emotweni bese uvula ukhiye we-ignition, igiya elincane elibizwa ngeBendix lisebenza nge-flywheel bese liyayiphendula. Lokhu nakho kuzungezisa i-crankshaft, eqala umjikelezo wokucindezela odingekayo ukuqala injini. Lapho nje injini yokuhlanganisa seyiqalisiwe, i-Bendix "iyakhishwa" futhi ivumele i-flywheel ukuthi iguqule kahle.

Ijubane lejubane lenjini
Ngemuva kokuqala injini, i-crankshaft iguqula ukunyuka naphezulu kwama-piston kube ukujikeleza okujikelezayo. Kodwa-ke, le nhlangano i-oscillatory, njengoba amandla akhiqizwa izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-4 kuphela (kuya ngokuthi amasilinda amane noma ayisishiyagalombili) ngenguquko yenjini ngayinye. Ubuningi be-flywheel busetshenziswa yi-inertia ukugcina ijubane le-crankshaft njalo ngokunyakaza ngakunye kwamapiston.

Yehlisa ukudlidliza kwenjini
Ngoba pistons is offset enkabeni crankshaft, injini idlidliza kakhulu ngoba piston ngamunye uhamba endaweni ehlukile. Ubukhulu obukhulu be-flywheel buyayicindezela le nhlangano futhi busize bobabili ukuzinzisa nokulinganisela injini nokunciphisa ukudlidliza kuyo yonke imoto.

Yehlisa ukugqokwa kwengxenye
Ngokuzinzisa ukudlidliza nokushelela ijubane lenjini, imikhawulo ye-flywheel ifaka kwezinye izinto ezibucayi zokushayela.

Izinhlobo ze-Flywheel nezici zazo
 

Izimoto zesimanje zisebenzisa ama-flywheels aqinile (single-mass) nama-dual-mass (DMF). Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu zalo, izinzuzo zalo nokubi kulo.

I-flywheel yesisindo esisodwa
Lolu hlobo lwe-flywheel luvame kakhulu kumamodeli ezindala ezimoto. Eqinisweni, lawa ama-discs amakhulu e-iron cast anesakhiwo esiqhubekayo esinobubanzi obungu-300 kuye ku-400 mm. Kufakwa indandatho yensimbi ngaphandle kwamaflaya amaningi.

Izinzuzo eziphambili zalolu hlobo lwe-flywheel ukwakhiwa kwazo okulula nezindleko eziphansi.
Kodwa-ke, amasondo endiza anesisindo esisodwa anenkinga eyodwa enkulu: awakwazi ukumunca ukudlidliza kwe-torsional ngokwanele.
I-flywheel ephindwe kabili
Ama-flywheels ama-double-mass, abizwa nangokuthi ama-shock absorbers noma ama-flywheel amabili-mass, intuthuko yesimanje uma kuqhathaniswa esetshenziswa ezimotweni ngo-1985.

Kusho ukuthini lokhu?

Ngokwesakhiwo, lolu hlobo lwe-flywheel luqukethe amadiski amabili ahlukene, axhunywe ama-radial nama-thrust bearings. I-disc eyodwa iyingxenye ye-crankshaft kanti enye iyingxenye ye-clutch. Phakathi kwama-disc kune-spring-loaded damping mechanism edambisa ukudlidliza futhi ivikele u-gearbox ekulayisheni ukudlidliza.

Phakathi kwezinzuzo zama-fwallels ezindizayo, kungaqapheleka ukuthi anciphisa kakhulu ukunyakaza okudluliselwa y injini ekudluliseleni, ukuvikela amagiya ekulayini ngokweqile futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kawoyela.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele sivume ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-flywheel lunokuphazamiseka okuningana, okuyiyona eyinhloko ukuthi aluthembekile njengolwama-single-chair.
Akunakuphikwa ukuthi iziphethu, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona amadiski okuvikela, zithola imithwalo ebalulekile, eholela ekugqokeni kwazo ngokushesha. Okunye ukubuyela emuva ukuthi zisabiza kakhulu kunezinye.
Wonke ama-flywheel, angashadile noma awabili, awuthwala ngokwanele umthwalo wawo uma usetshenziswa kahle. Uma sicacisa kakhudlwana, sizothi uma isetshenziswa kahle, amasondo okundiza angamelana namakhilomitha angaphezu kweziyizinkulungwane ezingama-350. Vele, i-flywheel icindezeleke kakhulu futhi ingaguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu kunalokho abakhiqizi abalindelekile.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezidinga ukufakwa esikhundleni se-flywheel

Izinkinga zeFlywheel zihlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kwezimoto okungafanele. Ngokuqondile, yini engadala ukuthi ushintshe i-flywheel:

Ukushisa ngokweqile
ukubukeka kwemifantu nokugqokwa ebusweni bokuphamba
ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukuvuza kukawoyela ngaphakathi kwe-flywheel enamasondo amabili
ukubhujiswa kwemithombo yayo ye-arc, njll.
Izimpawu Zokuqwashisa Nge-Flywheel
 

Inkinga yokushintsha
Uma uzama ukushintsha amagiya, kepha esikhundleni se-clutch ephendula ngokwanele, igiya elilandelayo alikwazi ukuhamba noma ukuhamba, kepha masinyane libuyela kulokho okwedlule, lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yeflawheel egqokile. Kulokhu, uzozwa umsindo omkhulu njengokugaya nokuhlikihla.

Iphunga lokushisa
Enye yezimpawu eziphambili zeflwheel egqoke iphunga elivuthayo elizwakala ngisho nangaphakathi emotweni. Leli phunga livela lapho i-clutch ingasebenzi kahle futhi ikhipha ukushisa okuningi.

Vibration lapho ucindezela isinyathelo bamba
Uma uqala ukuzizwa unyakaza lapho ucindezela i-clutch pedal, lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu lokugqoka kuma-flywheel entwasahlobo asebusweni.

Rumble lapho uqala injini ebandayo
Sicacisa ukuthi le nkomba ijwayelekile kumaflaya amaningi asindayo. Lapho iziphethu zokushaqeka seziphelile futhi uqala ngenjini ebandayo, uzozwa umsindo omkhulu odumayo.

Lokhu kudlikiza kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu embalwa ngemuva kokuqalisa imoto, ngemuva kwalokho inyamalale. Uma uqala ukuyizwa kaningi ekuseni lapho uqala imoto yakho, lokhu kuyinkomba ecacile yokuthi udinga ukunaka i-flywheel.

Ngabe ukugcinwa kwe-flywheel kungenzeka?

Ukulungiswa kwe-Flywheel cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza. Imvamisa kuhlolwa lapho kuthathelwa indawo i-clutch disc yokugqokwa kwamazinyo noma ezinye izinkinga. Uma kunjalo, i-flywheel iyathathelwa indawo, futhi uma kungekho zinkinga, ingaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa.

Ngabe i-flywheel ingalungiswa?

Kunzima ukulungisa iphawusi esindayo elilodwa, ngakho-ke lapho liphela, kumele lithathelwe elinye elisha. (Ukuphela kwento engafakwa esikhundleni sayo umqhele wamazinyo uma elinye lamazinyo ligugile noma liphukile).

Amapheshana ezindiza ezinobunzima obuabili aqale ukuklanywa kabusha eminyakeni yamuva.

Kusho ukuthini ukulungiswa kwe-flywheel?
Ngokuvamile, ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kwehlukanisa amadiski amabili e-flywheel futhi uwahlanze kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlwayi, iziphethu nazo zonke ezinye izinto kuthathelwa indawo okusha, bese kuthi zombili lezi zinto zama-disc zivulwe kabusha. Ekugcineni, kwenziwa izinguquko futhi uma konke kuhleliwe, iflashwheel ithathelwa indawo emotweni.

Le ndlela yokwakha kabusha izindiza ezinamawele amabili, njengoba sekushiwo, ithandwa kakhulu, kepha ayihlali inikeza imiphumela emihle. Kwesinye isikhathi lapho kuvulwa ama-disc ukuze asetshenziswe kabusha, lokhu akwenzeki.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, yize cishe zonke izitolo zokulungisa zinikeza isiqinisekiso ngemuva kokulahlwa, akekho ongaqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto empeleni zithathelwe indawo ezinye ezintsha.

Ungashintsha kanjani i-flywheel?

Ukushintsha le ngxenye kuwumsebenzi onzima impela, futhi uma ungenalo ulwazi oluhle lobuchwepheshe namathuluzi akhethekile, kuzoba nzima kuwe ukuthi ukwenze ngokwakho. Kungani?

Ukushintsha i-flywheel, ukudluliswa kanye ne-clutch kufanele kususwe kuqala. Lokhu akuthathi isikhathi kuphela, kepha futhi kudinga ukuthi amathuluzi akhethekile angenziwa kahle.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokukwenza ngokwakho, sikucebisa ukuthi uthenge i-clutch kit enezimpukane ezifakiwe. Ngale ndlela, ungaqiniseka ukuthi hhayi kuphela i-flywheel, kodwa yonke i-clutch iyanakekelwa, futhi leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwemoto izokugcina isikhathi eside.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-flywheel? Umsebenzi obalulekile we-flywheel ukudlulisa i-torque kubhasikidi we-clutch. Injini iphinde iqalwe nge-flywheel, le ngxenye inikeza amandla angenayo asiza ukusebenza kwe-crankshaft.

Iyini i-flywheel futhi ingenzelwa ini? Iwucezu olumise okwe-disc oluxhunywe ku-crankshaft yenjini. I-flywheel iqinisekisa ukufana kwe-angular velocities ye-crankshaft, ukudluliswa kwe-torque ku-transmission, kanye nokuncibilika kokudlidliza kwenjini.

Iphi i-flywheel emotweni? Kuyidiski elikhulu elinerimu enamazinyo ekugcineni. I-flywheel itholakala ngemuva kwenjini (lapho kuhlangana khona injini evuthayo yangaphakathi nebhokisi) ngakolunye uhlangothi lwebhande lesikhathi.

Isebenza kanjani i-clutch flywheel? I-single-mass flywheel izungeza ne-crankshaft. I-dual-mass flywheel iphinda idambise ukudlidliza kwe-torsional (kuma-flywheels ajwayelekile, lo msebenzi wenziwa ama-clutch disc springs).