Indlela yokuhlola umhlabathi nge-multimeter
Okuqukethwe
Ingabe izibani zakho zangaphambili ziyalayita? Ingabe umshini wakho wokuwasha uyanensa, awusebenzi kahle, noma awusebenzi nhlobo?
Uma impendulo yakho kule mibuzo inguyebo, khona-ke ukuxhumana komhlabathi ekhaya lakho kuyimbangela engenzeka.
Ukugawula ekhaya lakho kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzinakekele.
Ukusebenza kahle kwemishini yakho kagesi akubalulekile nje kuphela, kodwa kungaba umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa.
Kulo mhlahlandlela, uzothola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nesayithi lokuhlola.
Ake siqale.
Yini i-grounding?
I-Grounding, ebizwa nangokuthi i-grounding, kuwumkhuba ovikelayo ekuxhumekeni kukagesi okunciphisa ubungozi noma imiphumela yokushaqeka kukagesi.
Ngokubekwa phansi ngendlela efanele, ugesi ophuma ezitolo noma ezintweni zikagesi uqondiswa phansi, lapho uhlakazwa khona.
Ngaphandle kokumiswa phansi, lo gesi ugcwala ezindaweni zokudayisa noma ezingxenyeni zensimbi zocingo futhi ungabangela izinto ezisebenza ngogesi ukuthi zingasebenzi noma zisebenze kahle.
Umuntu ohlangana nalezi zingxenye zensimbi ezishajwa ngogesi noma izintambo eziveziwe usengozini yokushaqeka kagesi okubulalayo.
Ukugawula kuqondisa logesi oweqile phansi futhi kuvimbela konke lokhu.
Manje usuyaqonda ukuthi kungani kubalulekile ukuthi izitolo ezisendlini yakho zibekwe kahle.
I-multimeter iyithuluzi lokuxazulula izinkinga zikagesi, futhi ilungele ukuhlolela izizathu ezitolo zakho zodonga.
Indlela yokuhlola umhlaba nge-multimeter
Beka umthofu obomvu we-multimeter embobeni yokukhiphayo enamandla, beka i-lead emnyama endaweni emaphakathi, bese urekhoda ukufundwa. Gcina i-probe ebomvu embobeni esebenzayo bese ubeka i-probe emnyama endaweni ephansi. Uma ukufundwa kungafani nokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini, ikhaya lakho alinakho ukuxhumana okufanelekile okuphansi..
Zizochazwa ngokulandelayo.
- Isinyathelo 1. Faka ama-probe ku-multimeter
Lapho uhlola i-grounding ezitolo zasekhaya, kufanele unake ukuthi uxhuma kanjani ama-probes ku-multimeter.
Faka umthofu wokuhlola obomvu (omuhle) embobeni ye-multimeter ebhalwe ukuthi "Ω, V noma +" kanye nomthofu wokuhlola omnyama (negethivu) embobeni ye-multimeter ebhalwe ukuthi "COM noma -".
Njengoba uzohlola izintambo ezishisayo, qiniseka ukuthi imikhondo yakho isesimweni esihle futhi ngeke uhlanganise imikhondo ku-multimeter ukuze ugweme ukuyonakalisa.
- Isinyathelo sesi-2: Setha i-multimeter ku-voltage ye-AC
Izinto zakho zikagesi zisebenza ku-alternating current (AC) futhi njengoba kulindelekile, lolu uhlobo lwamandla kagesi akhishwa yizitolo zakho.
Manje usuvele uguqule ukudayela kwe-multimeter ku-AC voltage setting, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "VAC" noma "V~".
Lokhu kukunikeza ukufunda okunembe kakhulu.
- Isinyathelo sesi-3: Linganisa i-voltage phakathi kwamachweba asebenzayo naphakathi nendawo
Beka i-multimeter's test lead lead (positive) embobeni yokukhiphayo enamandla kanye nokuhlola okumnyama (negative) kuhole endaweni emaphakathi.
Imbobo esebenzayo ivamise ukuba yincane kwezimbili zezimbobo endaweni yakho yokukhipha, kuyilapho imbobo emaphakathi yinde kunazo zombili.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ichweba lomhlaba livame ukubunjwa njenge-"U".
Izimbobo kwezinye izindawo zokuphuma odongeni zingabunjwa ngendlela ehlukile, lapho imbobo esebenzayo ivame ukuba kwesokudla, imbobo emaphakathi ingakwesokunxele, futhi imbobo ephansi ingaphezulu.
Ukufundwa kwamandla kagesi phakathi kwentambo yakho ebukhoma nokungathathi hlangothi kubalulekile ukuze ukuqhathanisa kwenziwe kamuva.
Thatha izilinganiso zakho bese uqhubekela esinyathelweni esilandelayo.
- Isinyathelo sesi-4: Linganisa i-voltage phakathi kwezimbobo ezibukhoma nomhlabathi
Manje khipha uphenyo lwakho olumnyama embobeni yokukhipha engathathi hlangothi bese uyixhume embobeni ephansi.
Qaphela ukuthi i-probe yakho ebomvu ihlala embobeni esebenzayo.
Uzoqinisekisa futhi ukuthi ama-probes athintana nezingxenye zensimbi ngaphakathi kwamasokhethi ukuze i-multimeter yakho ifunde.
Thatha izilinganiso zakho bese uqhubekela esinyathelweni esilandelayo.
- Isinyathelo sesi-5: Linganisa i-voltage phakathi kwamachweba aphakathi nendawo naphansi
Isilinganiso esengeziwe ofuna ukusithatha ukufundwa kwamandla kagesi phakathi kwamachweba akho aphakathi nendawo naphansi.
Beka i-probe ebomvu embobeni yokukhipha engathathi hlangothi, beka i-probe emnyama endaweni ephansi bese uthatha izilinganiso.
- Isinyathelo sesi-6: Linganisa imiphumela
Manje yisikhathi sokuqhathanisa futhi uzobe wenza eziningi zazo.
- Okokuqala, uma ibanga eliphakathi komsebenzi wakho nezimbobo zaphansi liseduze noziro (0), indlu yakho ingase ingagxili kahle.
- Ukuqhubekela phambili, uma isilinganiso esiphakathi kwezimbobo zakho ezisebenzayo nezimaphakathi singekho phakathi kuka-5V noma sifana nesilinganiso esiphakathi kwezimbobo zakho ezisebenzayo neziphansi, indlu yakho ingase ingabi ngaphansi ngokufanelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho kukhona umhlabathi, uma ukuhlolwa kwesigaba nokungathathi hlangothi kuthola i-120V, ukuhlolwa kwesigaba kanye nomhlabathi kulindeleke ukuthi kutholwe i-115V kuya ku-125V.
- Uma kwenzeka konke lokhu kuqinisekiswa, uzokwenza esinye isiqhathaniso. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlole izinga lokuvuza kusuka phansi futhi unqume ikhwalithi yayo.
Thola umehluko phakathi kokuhlolwa okubukhoma nokungathathi hlangothi kanye nokuhlolwa okubukhoma nokuphansi.
Engeza lokhu ekufundweni kokuhlolwa kokungathathi hlangothi nokuphansi.
Uma ukungezwa kwabo kudlula i-2V, khona-ke ukuxhumeka kwakho okuphansi akukho sesimweni esihle futhi kufanele kuhlolwe.
Kule vidiyo sichaza yonke inqubo:
Olunye uvivinyo ongalwenza luphathelene nokuphikiswa komhlaba kokuxhumana kwakho nomhlaba.
Kodwa-ke, lesi yisihloko esihluke ngokuphelele, futhi ungabheka isihloko sethu esinemininingwane mayelana nokuhlola ukumelana nomhlabathi nge-multimeter.
Indawo yokuhlola i-bulb ekhanyayo
Ukuze uhlole ukuthi indawo yokuphuma yasekhaya iphansi ngegilobhu, uzodinga isokhethi lebhola kanye nezintambo ezimbalwa.
Khipha isibani futhi unamathisele izintambo kusokhethi yebhola.
Manje qiniseka ukuthi ezinye iziphetho zezintambo okungenani zingenalutho ngo-3cm (akukho ukugquma) futhi uzixhume ezimbobeni zokuphuma ezibukhoma nezimaphakathi.
Uma ukukhanya kungakhanyi, kusho ukuthi indlu yakho ayinasisekelo ngokufanele.
Njengoba ubona, lokhu kuhlolwa akunamininingwane futhi kunembile njengokuhlola nge-multimeter.
isiphetho
Ukuhlola isisekelo sendlu yakho kuyindlela elula.
Okufanele ukwenze nje ukuthatha izilinganiso phakathi kwezindawo ezihlukene zodonga bese uqhathanisa lezo zilinganiso esinye nesinye.
Uma lezi zilinganiso zingafani noma zihlala ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile, indawo ephansi yekhaya lakho inephutha.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unocingo olubi oluphansi?
Olunye uphawu oluvamile lokungagxili kahle ezindlini amalambu afiphele noma alokozayo. Kwezinye izimo, izinto zikagesi ezisendlini yakho zingase zingavuli noma zingasebenzi kahle.
Mangaki ama-ohm okufanele abe nawo intambo yaphansi?
Kulindeleke ukuthi ukumelana endaweni yakho yasekhaya kungabi ngaphezu kwama-ohms angu-5, kuyilapho inani elifanele kakhulu linguziro (0) ohms. Lapho inani lokumelana lisondela ku-zero, isisekelo siba ngcono.
Yini engenziwa ucingo lwaphansi oluxegayo?
Ukugxilisa phansi okubi kuzobangela amalambu akho ukuba afiphale noma acwayize. Kuphinde kubangele ukuthi izinto zikagesi zihluleke noma ziyeke ukusebenza ngokuphelele ngoba awenele amandla okuziqhuba.
