Ungahlola kanjani ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze?
Okuqukethwe
Ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze kuye ngokugcwala kwe-ethylene glycol
I-Antifreeze, ngamafuphi, i-antifreeze yasekhaya. Okusho ukuthi, uketshezi olunephuzu eliphansi lokuqandisa lesistimu yokupholisa injini.
I-Antifreeze iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: amanzi ne-ethylene glycol. Ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 wesamba sesamba sakhiwe yilolu ketshezi. Okusele kuyi-antioxidant, i-antifoam, isivikelo nezinye izithasiselo. Udayi ubuye wengezwe ku-antifreeze. Inhloso yawo ukukhombisa indawo eqandayo yoketshezi kanye nokukhombisa ukuguga.
Ukuminyana kwe-ethylene glycol ngu-1,113 g/cm³. Ukuminyana kwamanzi ngu-1,000 g/cm³. Ukuxuba lezi zidakamizwa kuzonikeza ukwakheka okuzoba phakathi kwalezi zinkomba ezimbili. Nokho, lokhu kwencika akukona umugqa. Okusho ukuthi, uma uxuba i-ethylene glycol namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-50/50, khona-ke ukuminyana kwengxube ewumphumela ngeke kulingane nenani eliphakathi phakathi kokuminyana okubili kwalezi ziphuzo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubukhulu kanye nesakhiwo sendawo yama-molecule amanzi kanye ne-ethylene glycol kuyahluka. Ama-molecule amanzi mancane futhi athatha isikhala phakathi kwama-ethylene glycol molecule.
Ku-antifreeze A-40, ukuminyana okumaphakathi ekamelweni lokushisa cishe ku-1,072 g/cm³. Ku-antifreeze ye-A-65, lesi sibalo siphakeme kancane, cishe ngu-1,090 g / cm³. Kunamathebula abhala amanani okuminyana e-antifreeze yokugxila okuhlukile kuye ngezinga lokushisa.
Ngendlela yayo emsulwa, i-ethylene glycol iqala ukucwebezela cishe ku--12 °C. Ukusuka ku-100% kuya cishe ku-67% i-ethylene glycol enhlanganisweni, indawo yokuthela iqhubekela kokuncane futhi ifinyelele isiqongo ku -75 °C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwanda kwenani lamanzi, indawo yokuqandisa iqala ukukhuphukela kumanani amahle. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ukuminyana nakho kuyancipha.
Ukuncika kokuminyana kwe-antifreeze kumazinga okushisa
Umthetho olula usebenza lapha: ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze kuyanda. Ake sibheke kafushane isibonelo se-antifreeze A-60.
Emazingeni okushisa aseduze nokuqhwa (-60 °C), ukuminyana kuzoshintshashintsha cishe ku-1,140 g/cm³. Uma ishiswa kufika ku-+120 ° C, ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze kuzofinyelela kumaki angu-1,010 g/cm³. Lokho kucishe kufane namanzi acwebile.
Inombolo ebizwa nge-Prandtl nayo incike ekushubeni kwe-antifreeze. Inquma ikhono lesipholile ukususa ukushisa emthonjeni wokushisisa. Futhi lapho ukuminyana kukhulu, leli khono lizwakala kakhulu.
Ungahlola kanjani ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze?
Ukuhlola ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze, kanye nokuhlola ukuminyana kwanoma yiluphi olunye uketshezi, kusetshenziswa i-hydrometer. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-hydrometer eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukukala ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze ne-antifreeze. Inqubo yokulinganisa ilula kakhulu.
- Thatha ingxenye yengxube yokuhlola uyifake esitsheni esijulile esiwumngcingo, esanele ukucwiliswa mahhala kwe-hydrometer (amadivaysi amaningi afakwe i-flask yokulinganisa ejwayelekile). Thola izinga lokushisa loketshezi. Kungcono ukulinganisa ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okokuqala udinga ukuvumela i-antifreeze ime ekamelweni okungenani amahora angu-2 ukuze ifinyelele izinga lokushisa ekamelweni.
- Yehlisa i-hydrometer esitsheni esine-antifreeze. Linganisa ukuminyana esikalini.
- Thola amanani akho kuthebula ngokuncika kokuminyana kwe-antifreeze kumazinga okushisa. Emazingeni athile okushisa aphakathi nendawo, kungaba nezilinganiso ezimbili zamanzi ne-ethylene glycol.
Ezimweni ezingu-99%, isilinganiso esifanele kuyoba yileso lapho kunamanzi amaningi. Njengoba kungenakwenzeka ngokwezomnotho ukwenza i-antifreeze esekelwe ikakhulukazi ku-ethylene glycol.
Ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ukuminyana kwe-antifreeze ngokwenqubo ngokwayo abuhlukile. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa idatha etholiwe mayelana nokuhlola ukugxila kwento esebenzayo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-antifreezes ngezindlela ezahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukene kwalezi zinto ezipholile.
