Ungayihlola kanjani i-PCM nge-multimeter
Okuqukethwe
Izimoto ezikhiqizwa eminyakeni yesimanje ziye zasiza ukwenza ukuphila kwethu kube lula kakhulu. Izingxenye ze-electronic ezikuzo zaziwusizo ngokukhethekile.
Ungayilawula kanjani injini nokudluliswa, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zemoto, ngokucindezela nje inkinobho? Nokho, ihlobene ne-PCM (Powertrain Control Module).
Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukukhanya ngokushesha kwezinye zalezi zinto okudingeka uzazi nokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter ukuxilonga. Ake siqale.
Iyini i-PCM emotweni?
Iyisilawuli esihlanganyelwe se-Engine Control Unit (ECU) kanye ne-Transmission Control Unit (TCU), amakhompyutha amabili enjini abalulekile. Yaziwa nangokuthi imojula yokulawula ukushisa (ICM) noma imojula yokulawula injini (ECM).
Nokho, njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye kagesi, izinkinga nge-PCM yakho nakanjani noma zingase zenzeke; ezinye zibucayi kakhulu kunezinye.
Izimpawu ze-PCM Engalungile
Ngaphambi kokuthi ungene ezinhlelweni zemoto yakho ukuze unamathisele izandla zakho ku-PCM yakho, udinga ukuqiniseka ukuthi inokungasebenzi kahle. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezibonisa i-PCM engasebenzi kahle;
- Izibani ezixwayisayo zivuliwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi inkomba "yenjini yokuhlola", inkomba yokulawula ukudonsa, kanye nenkomba ye-ABS.
- Ukushisa kabi noma ukuhlehlisa ukusebenza kwenjini
- Ukukhipha umoya ngokweqile kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli
- Kunzima ukuqalisa imoto njengoba iningiza noma ingaqali nhlobo
- Ukuphathwa kwamasondo okubuthakathaka
- Ukudluliswa kwegiya elingalungile
Lezi ezinye zezimpawu eziningi ezihambisana ne-PCM embi. Nokho, lezi ezishiwo ngenhla zivame kakhulu futhi zibonisa inkinga.
Ihlola i-PCM nge-multimeter
Manje sekucacile ukuthi i-multimeter idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni i-PCM yakho. Nokho, leli akulona ithuluzi kuphela ozolidinga. Amanye amathuluzi abalulekile okuxilongwa okufanele nokuphelele ahlanganisa:
- I-screwdriver ye-crosshead
- I-Flashlight
- Isithwebuli sekhodi ye-OBD kanye
- i-PCM entsha uma kufanele umiselele i-PCM esimweni esibi kakhulu
Ngokuvamile, i-multimeter ifaneleka kakhulu lapho uhlola ibhethri nezintambo zesistimu ukuthola izinkinga. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqale ngazo, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuqala;
- Yenza ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Ukuhlola okubukwayo kumane kuyisheke lenjini nezinhlelo zokuthola ngokushesha izinkinga ezingaphezulu. Ngokwenza lokhu, ufuna ukunaka izintambo zakho.
Uyahlola ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi izintambo zakho azinqamukile futhi azinakonakala nokugqwala.
Uhlola nokugqwala okukhulu ebhethrini noma ku-PCM ngokwayo. Ukugqwala okudlulele ku-PCM kusho ukuthi kungase kudingeke ukuthi umiselele yonke i-PCM entsha.
Uma seziqinisekisiwe, udlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo, futhi yilapho i-multimeter iqala ukusebenza.
- Hlola ibhethri
Ukuhlolwa kwebhethri kuhlobene kakhulu ne-voltage yokushajwa kwebhethri. I-voltage ephansi yebhethri ingabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa okuthinta ukusebenza kwe-PCM.
Ukuhlonza inkinga lapha kukusindisa ingcindezi enkulu.
Okwenzayo nge-multimeter ukuhlola ukuthi i-voltage yebhethri icishe ibe ngu-12.6 volts uma injini icishiwe futhi icishe ibe ngu-13.7 volts uma injini ikhanya.
Uma umphumela wakho kuyi-voltage engalungile, nali inkomba esheshayo yokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani.
Uma ukufundwa kwehla ngaphansi kwezinombolo ezishiwo ngenhla, uqhubeka nokushaja ibhethri futhi uyihlole futhi.
Uma uhlola ibhethri, usetha i-multimeter ibe yi-volts engu-15 noma engu-20, kuye ngokuthi inani. Ukhipha ipulaki yebhethri ngayinye bese uxhuma imikhondo koxhumana nabo bebhethri.
Umthofu obomvu kutheminali yebhethri ephozithivu kanye nomthofu omnyama kutheminali yebhethri eyinegethivu.
Nansi ividiyo edweba isithombe esicacile salokhu.
- Sebenzisa isithwebuli sekhodi ye-OBD
Uma izinyathelo ezingenhla seziqediwe ngaphandle kwezinkinga, i-OBD Code Scanner iqala ukusebenza.
Ngeskena se-OBD, uhlola yonke imoto ukuze uthole amakhodi amaphutha e-OBD. Uvele uyixhume emotweni yakho futhi ufunde amakhodi.
Kunamakhodi amaphutha amaningana e-OBD anezincazelo ezihlukile, ngakho udinga ukufinyelela ukuze uwahumushe nge-codebook noma ngokuqondile kusuka ku-Google.
Amakhodi wephutha we-OBD akhombisa kokubili izinkinga zemishini nezikagesi. Ukuthola ikhodi ehlobene eduze ne-PCM yakho kunciphisa inani lamaphutha futhi kwenza ukuxilonga kube lula kakhulu.
Isibonelo, ikhodi yenkathazo engu-P0201 ibonisa ukuthi i-PCM inenkinga ngesekhethi yomjovo wesilinda 1. Lokhu kubangelwa umjovo kaphethiloli ogcwele ukungcola, ukugqwala komjovo kaphethiloli, ukugqwala kwezintambo, noma ukuxhumeka okubi.
Bese kwenziwa izilungiso ezifanele.
Kanye namakhodi wephutha we-P02, amakhodi wephutha we-P06 nawo angamakhodi ajwayelekile ahlobene ne-PCM.
Impela, uma isithwebuli se-OBD singanikezi ngekhodi yephutha ekhomba i-PCM yakho, ubhekisa ukunaka kwakho kwezinye izingxenye zemoto yakho.
Ukusebenzisa isithwebuli se-OBD akunzima njengoba ungacabanga.
- Hlola izinzwa zakho nezintambo
Manje, i-multimeter nayo ibalulekile lapha, futhi izinto zingase zibe nzima kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nezinyathelo ezedlule.
Usebenzisa i-multimeter, uhlola izinzwa ezixhunywe ku-PCM kanye nezintambo ezihambisana nazo. Ubheka ukufundwa kwe-multimeter okubi futhi ushintshe noma iyiphi ingxenye enezinkinga.
Futhi uhlola izintambo eziphansi kanye nakho konke ukuxhumana okuhlobene nazo. Izigebengu ezijwayelekile.
Uma izinkinga zitholwa lapha futhi kwenziwa izinguquko kulezi zinzwa, bese usetha kabusha amakhodi emoto yakho futhi uhlole ukuthi yonke into isebenza kahle yini.
Kuthiwani uma konke lokhu kungayixazululi inkinga yakho?
- Shintshanisa amasheya PCM yakho
Lesi isinyathelo sokugcina osithathayo. Lapha ufuna usizo lochwepheshe ukuze ubuyisele yonke i-PCM yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi i-PCM entsha oyithengayo ihambisana ngokuqondile nemoto yakho.
Ingabe izolungisa yonke into?
Khumbula ukuthi udinga ukuqiniseka ukuthi i-PCM yakho iyimbangela enkulu. Uma kungenjalo, ngeshwa, izinkinga ngamasistimu emoto yakho zingase ziqhubeke.
Nokho, ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ngokucophelela nge-multimeter kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinkinga ezihlobene ne-PCM ziyaxazululwa.
