Ungaqala kanjani imoto ye-diesel lapho kubanda?

Okuqukethwe

Kungani injini kadizili ingaqali emakhazeni?
Ungaqala kanjani injini ye-diesel lapho kubanda?
Indlela yokusebenzisa kahle injini ye-diesel ebusika?
Indlela yokulungisa imoto ye-diesel for frost?

Ubusika buyinkathi yokuhlola kubo bonke abashayeli ngaphandle kokukhetha. Futhi kubashayeli bezimoto zikadizili, isithwathwa sinikeza inkinga eyengeziwe. Yebo, injini ye-diesel inezinzuzo eziningi, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo ebusika kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Nokho, ngokulungiselela kahle imoto, ukuqala injini ebusika ngeke kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu. Ake sithole ukuthi yini okufanele ibonwe kusengaphambili.

Kungani injini kadizili ingaqali emakhazeni?

Ziningi izizathu ezenza injini ingaqali kahle uma ibanda. Sibala ezinye ezivamile:

ukucindezela okuphansi kumasilinda;
imigqa yamafutha eqandisiwe kanye nophethiloli kuzo;
amafutha enjini ashubile;
izinga lebhethri eliphansi, isiqalisi esinephutha;
amapulaki okukhanya ahlulekile;
umoya ohlelweni lukaphethiloli;
iphampu yomjovo engalungile kanye nama-injection.

Ungaqala kanjani injini ye-diesel lapho kubanda?

Ukuze kube lula ukuqala kobusika, injini yedizili isebenzisa amapulagi akhanyayo - izisetshenziswa ezifudumeza ngokushesha indawo evuthayo phakathi nemizuzwana embalwa. Ngemva kokuvula ukhiye wokushisa, uphawu lokusebenza kwamakhandlela (imvamisa i-spiral) luzokhanyisa iphaneli yensimbi, ephuma ngemva kwemizuzwana emibili kuya kwemihlanu, kuye ngokushisa kwenjini - ungavula isiqalisi. Ezimotweni ezinenkinobho yokuqalisa injini, konke kulula nakakhulu: ngemva kokucindezela inkinobho, isistimu ngokwayo izogcina ikhefu elidingekayo kuze kube yilapho isiqalisi sivuliwe.

Ezimweni ezibandayo ikakhulukazi, ungavula amapulaki akhanyayo izikhathi ezimbalwa zilandelana ngokuvula ukhiye wokushisa, kodwa ungavuli isiqalisi, noma ngokucindezela inkinobho yokuqala ngaphandle kokubamba i-pedal yebhuleki (isiqalisi ngeke sivule kulokhu. icala). Kodwa lezi kakade ziyizinyathelo ezingafuneki ebusika obubanda kakhulu, ngoba izinjini ze-diesel zanamuhla, lapho zisebenzisa uphethiloli we-diesel ebusika kanye namafutha afanele, ziqala kalula okokuqala ngemva kokumisa ebusuku ngisho naku-30 degrees.

Indlela yokusebenzisa kahle injini ye-diesel ebusika?

Izici zokusebenza kwezinjini ze-diesel ebusika zibangelwa ukuba khona kwesithwathwa, lapho uphethiloli uziphatha kahle kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho ukungasebenzi kahle kwezakhi ezithile kwenzeka. Iqiniso liwukuthi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, uphethiloli we-diesel unomphumela omubi kakhulu emshinini kaphethiloli kanye nenjini ngokwayo, ngoba iyaqina.

Inzuzo enkulu yenjini ye-diesel ukusebenza kahle kwayo kukaphethiloli, okufinyelelwa ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu ngokwanele ekamelweni lokushisa, okungenjalo enjini kaphethiloli, lapho ukuthungela kwenzeka khona ngenxa yokuhlinzekwa kwenhlansi kusetshenziswa ipulaki ye-spark. . Omunye umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinjini wukuthi umoya osesiphethini samandla kaphethiloli utholakala ngokuhlukene kuphethiloli. Idizili ithola ingxube yamafutha omoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udizili uhlala isikhathi eside. I-torque ephezulu ekhiqizwa injini ivumela imoto ukuthi isebenze ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi udizili usetshenziswa kumaSUV namaloli.

Ububi obukhulu bazo zonke izimoto ezisebenza ngodizili ukuthi zidinga ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kadizili, njengoba ishintshashintsha kakhulu futhi ibeka isidingo esikhulu kuphethiloli, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Amafutha elanga aqukethe upharafini. Emazingeni okushisa amahle, lokhu akuthinti ukusebenza kwemoto nganoma iyiphi indlela, noma kunjalo, lapho amakhaza efika, uphethiloli uba namafu, futhi izihlungi ziqala ukuvaleka ngezintambo zikapharafini. Ngenxa yalokho, imoto ayikwazi ukuqalwa.

Ukuqala injini ye-diesel, udinga ibhethri elinamandla. I-capacitance yayo yangempela emakhazeni iyancipha, ngenxa yalokho ekuseni ingasakwazi ukunikeza inani elidingekayo lokuqala okwamanje. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ebusuku kuhle ukususa ibhethri emotweni bese uyiletha ekamelweni elifudumele.

Uma injini ingaqali, kuyinto efiselekayo kulungele imoto ekamelweni elishisayo. Kodwa, uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ungasebenzisa amanzi abilayo noma i-blowtorch ukushisa (le ndlela ayiphephile ngokuphelele). Kulolu daba, futhi, kuyadingeka ukucabangela imininingwane yezinjini zalolu hlobo. Okokuqala, injini ye-diesel inekhono eliphezulu, lapho ingenzi lutho futhi emakhazeni kunzima ukuyifudumeza. I-nuance yesibili iwukuthi isenzo senjini ngokungenzi lutho (isivinini esincane) sibonisa ukucindezela kwamafutha aphansi ohlelweni lokugcoba injini futhi kubhekisela ezimweni ezinzima zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, inketho engcono kakhulu ukufudumala imizuzu engu-5-10, kuye ngezinga lokushisa lomoya langaphandle. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, okokupholisa kufudumala kufika ku-40-50 degrees Celsius, uwoyela uyancibilika, izingxenye zifudumale, futhi uphethiloli osemasilinda usha ngokuphelele.

Ngemuva kwalokhu kufudumala, qala ngokushelela ukuhamba ngesivinini esiphansi kanye negiya eliphansi. Esikhathini esifudumele, imizuzu engu-1-2 yokufudumala injini ye-diesel ngaphambi kokushayela izokwanela, futhi lapho ushayela, injini izofudumala ngokuphelele futhi ngokushesha.

Kudingeka ukunaka ngezinga nesimo samafutha enjini. Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa amafutha kuphela anconywe umenzi, futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, isibonelo, njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye. Ebusika, kuhle ukugcwalisa injini ngalawo mafutha kuphela ahloselwe ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla edizili ebusika.

Izithasiselo kuphethiloli kadizili sekuyisikhathi eside kuyinto evamile kubashayeli bezimoto besimanje.

Kukhona ukuhlukahluka okuthile kwezithasiselo ezinezinjongo ezihlukile:

Izithasiselo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezandisa inombolo ye-cetane, zihlanza uhlelo lomjovo, zinqande ukukhihliza uphethiloli futhi zisebenze njengezithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala.
Okubizwa ngokuthi "ama-antigels" avimbela ukubanda kukaphethiloli ebusika emazingeni okushisa aphansi -47 degrees.
Izihlanzi zezithasiselo zama-injection enjini namapheya e-plunger empompini yesibaseli ephezulu.
Izithasiselo ezivimbela umswakama ukuthi ungacwebezeli ohlelweni lukaphethiloli.
Izithasiselo zokunciphisa intuthu.

Indlela yokulungisa imoto ye-diesel for frost?

Imithetho yokulungiselela injini ye-diesel yezimo zokusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi ihloselwe ngokuyinhloko ekwandiseni ukucindezelwa. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, yenza lokhu okulandelayo: