Indlela yokuhlola izinga likawoyela ngendlela efanele
Okuqukethwe
Esihlokweni:
Ukusebenza kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi akunakucatshangwa ngaphandle kokugcoba. Akugcini nje ukunciphisa ukugqoka kwezingxenye ezisebenzisanayo ngenxa yokungqubuzana, kodwa futhi kuzivikela ekugqwaleni, futhi kususe ukushisa okukhulu. Izinga lamafutha enjini linquma kakhulu insiza yeyunithi yamandla. Kodwa akubalulekile kangako ukuthi uwoyela ongakanani ohlelweni lokuthambisa. Indlala kawoyela ingakhubaza injini esikhathini esingangehora. Kodwa ukugcoba ngokweqile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Ukuqapha njalo izinga likawoyela kuzosiza ukuqaphela izinkinga ezizayo ngesikhathi futhi kuzivikele. Nakuba, ngokuvamile, inqubo yokuqinisekisa akufanele ibangele ubunzima, kuyasiza ukwazi amanye ama-nuances ahlotshaniswa nayo hhayi kuphela kubashayeli bezimoto abaqalayo.
Indlela yokunquma kahle izinga likawoyela nge-dipstick
Ukuze uhlole mathupha izinga likawoyela ohlelweni lokuthambisa, kusetshenziswa i-dipstick, okuyipuleti lensimbi elide elincane noma induku enesibambo esigqamile, ngokuvamile esisawolintshi noma esibomvu.
Ukuphakamisa isivalo nokuqalaza iyunithi yamandla, uzoyibona ngokuqinisekile. Njengendlela yokugcina, bheka imanuwali yomnikazi, lapho uzothola ulwazi mayelana nendawo ye-dipstick kanye nolunye ulwazi oluwusizo oluhlobene nezinguquko zikawoyela nokulawula izinga.
Ungasebenzisi i-dipstick kwenye imoto. Ziyahlukahluka ngokuguqulwa kwenjini okuhlukile ngakho-ke zizonikeza ukufundwa okungalungile.
Ukuze ukufundwa kunembile, umshini kufanele ube endaweni eyisicaba, esezingeni.
Ukuhlola kufanele kwenziwe injini icishiwe. I-motor kufanele ifudumele, kodwa ingashisi. Ngakho-ke, qala iyunithi, uyifudumeze ekushiseni okusebenzayo futhi uyivale. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-5-7, ungaqala ukuhlola.
Uma uzohlola izinga ngemva kohambo, khona-ke kulokhu udinga ukulinda imizuzu engu-10 ngemva kokumisa injini. Ngalesi sikhathi, amafutha asele emigqeni nasezindongeni zeyunithi azongena ku-oyela sump.
Khipha i-dipstick bese usula ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Indwangu ye-rag akufanele ibe nothuli noma i-fluffy ukuze ingangcolisi i-lubricant. Naka amalebula (amanotshi) abonisa ubuncane kanye namaleveli aphezulu avumelekile.
Faka i-dipstick yonke indawo endaweni yayo yokuqala bese uyisusa futhi. Bheka ukuthi amafutha afinyelela kuliphi izinga endukwini. Ngokuvamile, izinga kufanele libe phakathi kwamamaki aphezulu kanye naphansi, kodwa lingcono kakhulu uma lingama-50 ... 70% ngaphezu kwamamaki aphansi.
Uma ungabaza, phinda umsebenzi.
Ihlola izinga lamadivayisi okulawula
Ukulawula inani lamafutha ohlelweni lokugcoba ezimotweni zanamuhla, ngokuvamile kunenzwa ekhethekile.
Kuya ngendawo yokuntanta, isignali ehambisanayo iyavezwa esibukweni. Kwezinye izinguqulo, inzwa imane icushwe lapho izinga likawoyela lehla ngaphansi kwezinga elithile lomkhawulo, bese kuvela isexwayiso kudeshibhodi. Kumamodeli amaningi ezimoto, lokhu kubangela ukuthi injini iqale ukuvinjwa.
Uma inkomba ibonisa izinga eliphansi likawoyela, kufanele uyihlole ngesandla nge-dipstick ngokushesha futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inzwa nayo ingahluleka, lapho ukufundwa kudeshibhodi kuzobe kunganembile. Ngakho-ke, inzwa ye-elekthronikhi kufanele ibhekwe kuphela njengethuluzi elisizayo lokulawula ukusebenza ngenkathi ushayela. Ukuba khona kwayo akusithathi neze indawo yesidingo sokuhlola okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Uma inzwa ye-elekthronikhi ihluleka, kufanele ishintshwe kanye ne-O-ring. Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni mancane amathuba okuthi ibangele ubunzima nakubashayeli bezimoto abasafufusa. Vele ukhumbule ukususa kuqala intambo engalungile ebhethrini, futhi ngemva kokufaka inzwa entsha, ibuyisele endaweni yayo.
Uma amafutha ephansi
Uma kukhona ukuthambisa okuncane kakhulu, injini izosebenza ezimeni zendlala kawoyela. Ngenxa yokungqubuzana okomile, izingxenye zizoguga ngesivinini esisheshayo. Uma kungekho okwenziwayo, khona-ke noma iyiphi injini ingacekelwa phansi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Inani lamafutha ohlelweni lingancipha kancane kancane ngenxa yemfucuza yemvelo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini. Kuma-powertrains amaningi, ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okuvamile akudluli ama-300 ml ngenkulungwane yamakhilomitha. Kwezinye izinhlobo zezinjini - zasemkhathini, ezine-turbocharged noma eziphoqelelwe - lesi sibalo singase sibe phezulu. Izinjini zikadizili zivame ukusebenzisa ilitha likawoyela ngamakhilomitha ayinkulungwane. Uma kungekho ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-lubricant, asikho isizathu esithile sokukhathazeka, udinga nje ukuqapha izinga layo njalo futhi ugcwalise ngesikhathi.
Uma kungenjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza ngezivalo ezilimele kanye nezimpawu noma ukulahlekelwa emigqeni kawoyela. Uma ungakwazi ukuthola nokuqeda imbangela ngokwakho, engeza amafutha esimeni esijwayelekile bese uya enkonzweni yemoto.
Indlela yokugcwalisa
Ungengeza kuphela amafutha ohlobo olufanayo olwagcwaliswa ekuqaleni (amaminerali, okokwenziwa noma okwenziwa kancane). Futhi kungcono nakakhulu uma kuwumkhiqizo womkhiqizo ofanayo nomkhiqizi ofanayo. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthola uhlobo lwamafutha agcwele, kungcono ukuwushintsha ngokuphelele. Ukwengeza lokho okuseduze, ngengozi yokuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene zokugcoba, kungenzeka kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile uma ingekho enye indlela yokuphuma. Khumbula ukuthi izithasiselo eziqukethwe ezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo zamafutha zingase zingahambelani. Futhi-ke ukushintshwa okuphelele kwe-lubricant kuyoba okungenakugwemeka. Ukuze uvimbele le nkinga ukuthi ingaveli esikhathini esizayo, ngokushesha ungathengi ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yokugcwalisa kabusha, kodwa futhi ne-spare canister yomkhiqizo ofanayo.
Ibanga elinconyiwe kanye ne-viscosity ye-lubricant ingatholakala kumadokhumenti esevisi yemoto. Ngokuvamile le datha iphinde ikhonjiswe ku-cap yokugcwalisa amafutha noma eduze kwayo. Ikepisi livame ukubizwa ngokuthi "Gcwalisa Uwoyela", "Amafutha Enjini" noma into efanayo.
Ungafunda mayelana nendlela yokukhetha amafutha enjini enjini.
Kufanele wengezwe kancane kancane, i-100 ... 200 milliliters, ngokukhulula i-cap bese ufaka i-funnel entanyeni yokugcwalisa amafutha. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa ngakunye, hlola izinga ngokuhambisana nemithetho echazwe ngenhla.
Ekupheleni kwenqubo, sula intamo nge-rag ehlanzekile bese uqinisa ipulaki ngokuqinile.
Uma izinga lingaphezu kwamaki aphezulu
Abashayeli bezimoto abaningi bayaqiniseka ukuthi akukho okubi okuzokwenzeka uma uhlelo lokugcoba lugcwaliswa ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esiphezulu esishiwo. Kodwa banephutha. Akulungile neze ukudlulisa isisho esithi “awukwazi ukumosha iphalishi ngebhotela” enjinini yemoto.
I-lubricant encane encane (ngaphakathi kwe-200 ml) ngeke ibangele umonakalo omkhulu. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuchichima kuholela ekwenyukeni kwengcindezi ohlelweni lokuthambisa, olungalimaza izigxivizo zenjoloba nepulasitiki, izigxivizo namagesi. Ukulimala kuzo kuzodala ukuvuza kwamafutha. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ebusika ngesikhathi sokuqala kwenjini ebandayo, lapho amafutha abandayo ane-viscosity eyengeziwe, okusho ukuthi ingcindezi ohlelweni iphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcoba ngokweqile kuzophazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwepompo likawoyela. Futhi uma ihluleka, ukushintshwa kwayo kuzokubiza kakhulu.
Uma umthamo oweqile ungaba ingxenye yelitha noma ngaphezulu, kungenzeka ukuthi uwoyela ungangena ekungeneni nasekukhipheni ama-manifolds. Umphumela uzoba ukuvala nokwehluleka kwe-turbine, i-catalytic converter, nezinye izingxenye. Bese uqinisekiswa ukulungiswa okubizayo.
Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukuthungela injini futhi uyibhubhise ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenzeka kwezinye izimoto zesimanje ezingenayo i-dipstick ukuze zihlolele izinga izinga ngakho-ke kunengozi yokufaka amafutha amaningi ohlelweni kunalokho okudingekayo.
Ukuchichima ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho igrisi elidala lingakhishwa ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, yiba nesineke lapho ukhipha amafutha asetshenzisiwe, futhi uma ukushintshwa kwenziwa esiteshini sesevisi, kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-vacuum pumping of residus.
Indlela yokususa ngokweqile
Amafutha engeziwe angakhishwa ngesirinji ngeshubhu enobubanzi obufanele nobude, noma akhishwe kusihlungi samafutha (siqukethe cishe ama-200 ml kawoyela). Abanye batusa ukumane ubeke isihlungi esikhundleni samafutha asele kuso. Le ndlela ifaneleka kakhulu uma isisetshenziswa sokuhlunga uwoyela sesivele siphelile noma siseduze nalokho. Kunzima kakhulu ukuthulula okweqile ngembobo yokukhipha amanzi ngaphansi kwe-crankcase, lokhu kuzodinga imbobo yokuhlola, i-overpass noma i-lift.
Udinga ukukhipha ezingxenyeni ezincane futhi uhlole izinga elitholiwe isikhathi ngasinye.
Kusho ukuthini ukwenyuka kwezinga likawoyela?
Amazinga aphezulu angeke abe umphumela wokuchichima kuphela. Uma uqaphela ukuthi inani lamafutha liye landa kakhulu, khona-ke unesizathu esibi sokukhathazeka.
Uma ukhiphe uwoyela oweqile, kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana izinga liyakhuphuka futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi uphethiloli ungena ohlelweni lokuthambisa. Amafutha angase ahogele njengophethiloli noma udizili. Amafutha ahlanjululwe alahlekelwa izici zawo futhi angabe esakwazi ukusetshenziswa. Ukushintshwa okulula ngeke kusize kuleli cala. Hlola i-diaphragm yepompo likaphethiloli, ingahle yonakele. Uma kungenjalo, udinga ukuya ngokushesha enkonzweni yemoto futhi uthole isizathu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingangena ohlelweni lokugcoba. Lokhu kuzoboniswa ukubonakala kwe-emulsion efana nokhilimu omuncu ku-dipstick kanye ne-cap yokugcwalisa amafutha kusuka ngaphakathi, kanye namabala anamafutha ku-tank yokwandisa yesistimu yokupholisa. Kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokuqhekeka ku-cylinder block noma ekhanda, futhi uketshezi olusebenzayo luyaxubana. Kulesi simo, akusizi futhi ukushintsha amafutha ngaphandle kokuqeda iphutha. Futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha.
Kufanele uhlole kangaki izinga likawoyela?
Izincomo zokuvama kokuhlolwa zingahluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezimoto abahlukene. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izinga likawoyela kufanele lihlolwe njalo ngamakhilomitha ayinkulungwane, kodwa okungenani kabili ngenyanga. Le mvamisa kufanele ilandelwe, noma ngabe umshini ungasetshenziswanga, ngoba kuhlale kunethuba lokuvuza kwamafutha noma ukungena ku-lubrication noma ohlelweni lukaphethiloli.
Uma umshini usumdala, hlola izinga lamafutha kanye nekhwalithi yawo kaningi.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa okungavamile kuyadingeka:
- uma uhambo olude lungaphambili;
- uma ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwenyukile;
- uma izinga lokupholisa lehlile;
- uma ngemva kokupaka emgwaqeni kukhona iminonjana yamafutha;
- uma ikhompuyutha esebhodini ikhombisa ukwehla komfutho kawoyela;
- uma amagesi akhiphayo anombala ongavamile noma iphunga.
Bheka futhi
