Ungakuxhuma kanjani ukukhanya ngokuhambisana ne-Switch Circuit (Umhlahlandlela)

Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuxhuma izibani ziwuchungechunge nokuxhuma okuhambisanayo. Zombili zinesethi yazo yezinzuzo, ukungalungi kanye namacala okusebenzisa. Amasekhethi okuhlala asetshenziswa ezintanjeni zikagesi ezinkulu (noma kufanele) axhunywe ngokuhambisana. Ezimweni eziningi, amaswishi, amasokhethi, nezinto zokukhanyisa zixhunywe ngokuhambisana ukuze kugcinwe umthombo wamandla wezinye izinto zikagesi kanye nezinto zikagesi ngentambo eshisayo nengathathi hlangothi uma kwenzeka enye yazo ingaphumeleli.

Kulo mongo, sizofunda indlela yokuxhuma ukukhanya ngokuhambisana nesekethe yokushintsha.

Okumele kuqashelwe

• Funda zonke izixwayiso neziqondiso ngaphambi kokuqala leli bhukwana.
• Nqamula amandla ngaphambi kokusevisa, ukulungisa noma ukufaka izinto zikagesi.
• Ungalokothi uzame ukusebenza ngogesi ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa nokugadwa okwanele.
• Sebenza ngogesi kuphela enkampanini yalabo abanolwazi oluhle, isipiliyoni esisebenzayo kanye nokuqonda ukuthi uphathwa kanjani ugesi. (1)
• Ukwenza umsebenzi kagesi ngokwakho akuphephile futhi akukho emthethweni kwezinye izindawo. Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuxhumekeni kukagesi, thintana nosebenza ngogesi onesitifiketi noma umnikezeli kagesi.

Izinqubo

Isinyathelo 1 Xhuma izintambo ezimaphakathi zawo wonke amalambu kanye netheminali engathathi hlangothi yendawo kagesi.

Isinyathelo 2 Xhuma enye yamatheminali amaswishi noma itheminali yesigaba sokuphakela amandla.

Isinyathelo 3. Xhuma ingxenye esele yetheminali yeswishi ngayinye kuyo yonke itheminali yebulb ngayinye.

Isinyathelo 4 Nikeza iswishi ngayinye igama ngokusekelwe ezibanini ezihlotshaniswa nazo.

Ukuxhumeka okuhambisanayo kwezintambo zokushintsha ukukhanya

Njengoba i-voltage kumjikelezo ohambisanayo iyafana kuzo zonke izindawo, futhi ukugeleza kwamanje kuyashintshana, ukwengeza noma ukukhipha isibani esisodwa kumjikelezo akuthinti ezinye izibani noma amadivaysi axhunyiwe nemishini. Noma iyiphi inombolo yamaphoyinti okukhanyisa noma imithwalo ingangezwa kulolu hlobo lwesekhethi (ngokuhambisana nokubala komthwalo wesekethe noma i-subcircuit) ngokumane unwebe izintambo ze-L ne-N ekukhanyeni okwengeziwe.

Njengoba ubona, imithombo yokukhanya emithathu ixhunywe ngokufana lapha. Ukungathathi hlangothi kwesibani ngasinye kuxhunyiwe futhi kufanele kuxhunywe kokungathathi hlangothi kokunikezwa kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amatheminali esigaba sesibani ngasinye axhunyiwe futhi kufanele axhunywe ku-terminal yesigaba sokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi. Akudingekile ukusebenzisa i-voltage ephakeme kune-voltage ye-luminaire ngayinye lapho uxhuma izibani ngokuhambisana. Ukusebenzisa i-voltage efanayo ne-voltage elinganiselwe ye-switch light, kungenzeka ukunika amandla izibani ezixhunywe ngokuhambisana kumjikelezo. Ukumelana nomthombo owodwa wokukhanya angeke kuthinte isifunda sonke. Lapha, ukukhanya okunamandla kungakhanya kakhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-voltage yesibani ngasinye iyafana. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje okudonswa isibani ngasinye akufani; lokhu kunqunywa ukumelana namandla abo. (2)

Ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo kwezibani: izinzuzo kanye nokubi

izinzuzo

• Umshini ngamunye ohlobene nogesi kanye nezinto ezisebenza kuwo zizimele. Ngakho, ukuvula noma ukuvala idivayisi akuthinti amanye amathuluzi noma ukusebenza kwawo.
• Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwekhebula noma ukukhishwa kwesibani, zonke izifunda kanye nemithwalo yazo ehambisana nazo zizohlala zisebenza; ngamanye amazwi, ezinye izibani ze-LED nezinto zikagesi zizoqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela evamile.
• Uma amalambu amaningi engezwa kumasekhethi okukhanyisa ahambisanayo, ukukhanya kwawo ngeke kwehle (njengoba kwenzeka kuphela kumasekhethi okukhanyisa ochungechunge). Ngoba i-voltage kuwo wonke amaphuzu kusekethe efanayo iyafana. Kafushane nje, zithola amandla afanayo ne-voltage yomthombo.
• Uma nje isifunda singalayishiwe kakhulu, izibani ezengeziwe kanye namaphoyinti okulayisha angangezwa kumasekhethi afanayo njengoba kudingeka esikhathini esizayo.
• Ukwengeza amadivaysi amaningi kanye nezingxenye kuzonciphisa ukumelana okuphelele kwesekethe, ikakhulukazi lapho kusetshenziswa imishini esezingeni eliphezulu yamanje njengama-air conditioner nama-heater kagesi.
• Uhlelo lokuxhuma oluhambisanayo luthembeke kakhulu, luphephile futhi kulula ukulusebenzisa.

Okubi kokungadiphozi ibhonasi

• Izintambo ezinde nezintambo zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa ezihambisanayo.
• Uma uxhuma isibani sesibili kumjikelezo ohambisanayo, kuyadingeka okwamanje.
• Uma isethwe kumthamo ongaguquki, ibhethri idonsa ngokushesha.
• Uxhumano oluhambisanayo lunzima kakhulu ukuklama kunoxhumano lochungechunge.

I-Serial kanye ne-Parallel Connection

uchungechunge lwesifunda

Izintambo zikagesi eziyisisekelo ziyisekethe evaliwe lapho kugeleza khona i-direct current. Ibhethri iwumthombo oyisisekelo kakhulu wamandla e-DC wokufaka izintambo zikagesi, futhi ukuxhuma isibani esincane kumatheminali ebhethri kudala isekethe ye-DC elula.

Nokho, amasekhethi asebenzayo anezingxenye eziningi kunesibani esisodwa. Isekhethi yochungechunge iqukethe izingxenye ezingaphezu kweyodwa futhi ixhunywe ekugcineni ukuze kugeleze okufanayo kuwo wonke.

isifunda parallel

Uma izingxenye ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zixhunywe ngokuhambisana, zinomehluko ofanayo ongaba khona (i-voltage) ekugcineni kwazo. Umehluko ongase ube khona phakathi kwezingxenye uyafana nama-polarity azo. Zonke izingxenye zesekethe ehambisanayo zihlinzekwa nge-voltage efanayo.

Isekhethi ehambisanayo inemizila emibili noma ngaphezulu yamanje. Zonke izakhi kusekethe ehambisanayo zine-voltage efanayo. Kusekhethi yochungechunge, okwamanje kugeleza esiteshini esisodwa kuphela. Uma kuziwa kumasekhethi afanayo, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokugeleza kwamanje.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• Ungawaxhuma kanjani amalambu enqoleni yegalofu engu-48 volt
• Zixhunywa kanjani izintambo zikagesi
• Ungakanani usayizi wentambo yesibani

Izincomo

(1) ulwazi olusebenzayo - https://medium.com/@srespune/why-practical-knowledge-is-more-important-than-theoretical-knowledge-f0f94ad6d9c6

(2) ukumelana - http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html