Ukugqokwa kwamaphedi amabhuleki, amadiski nezigubhu (izizathu zokuguga ngokushesha kwezingxenye zesistimu yamabhuleki)

Gqoka izingxenye ohlelweni lwamabhuleki emoto, futhi lawa angamadiski, izigubhu namaphedi angekho ngaphansi kokushintshwa okuhleliwe ngenxa yensiza yawo engalindelekile. Konke kuncike esimweni sethrafikhi, imikhuba yomshayeli kanye nekhwalithi yezinto. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola isimo sezingxenye ezine-periodiccity eqinile ukuze kulungiswe ushintsho olubalulekile kubukhulu bokulawula ngesikhathi.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwesistimu yokubhuleka emotweni

Umgomo ojwayelekile wamabhuleki ukuhlelwa kokungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezixhunywe ngokuqinile ezintweni ezilengayo kanye nezingxenye ezijikelezayo namasondo.

Ukwenzeka kwala mandla kucima amandla emoto ehambayo, kunciphisa isivinini.

Amabhuleki e-Disc

I-disc-type brake mechanism iqukethe i-caliper enamathiselwe ezingalweni ezilenga kwezinye izingxenye, izungeza i-coaxially ne-disc wheel hub nama-brake pads.

Ngokukhula kokucindezela kumasilinda amabhuleki asebenza ngogesi akha i-caliper, amapiston awo aqala ukunyakaza, enyakazisa amaphedi amboze i-disc nhlangothi zombili. Indawo ye-pad incane izikhathi eziningana kunendawo engaseceleni ye-disc, okungukuthi, ithatha ingxenye encane yayo kuphela.

Inani lamasilinda ku-caliper lingahluka, kuye ngokusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki nezinye izizathu, kodwa kuhlale kukhona amaphedi amabili ahambayo abheke kwelinye.

Ukulayisha kuqala kwabo kunikezwa noma ngamasilinda asebenza ngokuphikisana, noma okuthiwa yibakaki lohlobo oluntantayo, lapho singekho isidingo se-cylinder yesibili.

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-caliper enesakhiwo esintantayo:

• 1 - ubakaki.
• 2 - umhlahlandlela.
• 3 - indandatho yokuvala.
• I-4 - i-caliper ene-cylinder.
• 5 - ipiston.
• 6 - cuff.
• 7 - amaphethini.
• 8 - i-brake disc.
• 9 - i-brake fluid.
• 10 - kufanelekile.

I-Caliper enomklamo ongashintshi:

• 2 - amabhawodi okufaka.
• I-4 - i-caliper enamasilinda.
• 5 - pistons.
• 6 - ukuvala ama-cuffs.
• 7 - amaphethini.
• 8 - i-brake disc.
• 9 - i-brake fluid.
• 10 - kufanelekile.

I-disc brake inezinzuzo ezimbalwa eziye zaqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimotweni eziningi:

1. Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu, njengoba idiski icishe ivuleke ngokuphelele futhi itholakalela ukupholisa ngomoya wangaphandle.
2. Ubulula kanye nomklamo ohlangene.
3. Ukulula ukuqapha isimo sokugqokwa kwamapads namadiski.
4. Amathuba okusebenzisa umoya owengeziwe ngosizo lwesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-disc kanye ne-perforation yayo.
5. Ukuzwela okuphansi kokungcola kanye nokungena komswakama ngenxa yezimo ezinhle zokuzihlanza.

Izinto zama-discs ngokuvamile ziyinsimbi ephonswe, enezinto eziphikisanayo ezanelisayo nokuzinza kwazo, insimbi engavamile, kanye nezicelo zezemidlalo, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezivumela ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla kanye nejometri.

Ama-Brake discs TRW kanye ne-TEXTAR - qhathanisa nabakhiqizi abadumile

Ama-pads aqukethe i-substrate yensimbi, lapho ama-friction linings ezenziwe ngezinto ezikhethwe iminyaka eminingi yocwaningo zilungiswa nge-glue ekhethekile kanye nama-spikes abunjiwe.

Ubunzima lapha bulele ekuvumelaneni phakathi kwezakhiwo eziningi ezingqubuzanayo, i-coefficient ephezulu yokungqubuzana kwensimbi ekhonjiwe nensimbi, ukumelana nokugqoka, ikhono lokuvikela ama-disc ekugqokeni, ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa kanye nezinga elincane lomsindo we-acoustic.

Amabhuleki esigubhu

Zihlanganisa izigubhu zamabhuleki ngendlela yamasilinda avaliwe ohlangothini olulodwa nama-brake pads asebenza endaweni yawo engaphakathi.

Amasilinda asebenzayo e-hydraulic nawo angaphakathi, uma ucindezela i-pedal, aphusha ama-pads, awacindezele ezigubhini. Indawo yephedi incane kuphela kunendawo engaphakathi eyisilinda.

Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela kunqunyelwe, ngenxa yamaphutha athile ayisisekelo:

• amaphutha okupholisa, ama-pads asebenza emgodini ovaliwe;
• ukumelana kabi kwe-linings lapho amanzi engena ngaphakathi kwebhuleki;
• izilinganiso ezibalulekile nesisindo saso sonke isakhiwo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izigubhu zinezinzuzo zazo, ikakhulukazi, ukumelana nokungcola, impilo ende yenkonzo kanye nokulula kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza.

Kungani ama-brake pad, ama-disc nezigubhu ziguga

I-Friction, esebenza njengesici esiyinhloko ekusebenzeni kahle kwamabhuleki, inomongo womzimba ochazwe kahle. Lokhu ukungqubuzana phakathi kokungalungi kahle okuncane, ukuqina kwezindawo zokuhlikihla, okungahlali kuzo njalo ngaphandle kwemiphumela.

Futhi le miphumela iyona edabukisayo, lapho i-coefficient of friction iphakama, okungukuthi, umshini uyama ngokushesha. Kufanele sikhethe ukuvumelana phakathi kwekhwalithi ye-braking nokuqina kwezingxenye.

Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni eminingi yokuhlangenwe nakho, izinto ze-lining ne-disc zikhethwa ngendlela yokuthi i-disc evamile ingasinda amasethi amathathu noma amane ama-pads. Lokhu kuyinani elikhulu ngokwesilinganiso senani lediski elikhulu nelibizayo ezindlekweni zamaphedi angabizi kakhulu, athathwa njengezinto ezisebenzisekayo.

Ama-Brake Discs kanye nama-Brake Pads ngemuva kwebanga elingu-40 km lemoto

Izimbangela zokugqoka ngokushesha

Ukuncipha kwempilo yesevisi yezinto zokushayisana kwamabhuleki kubangelwa izici ezimbalwa.

1. Isitayela sokugibela. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi ngokusetshenziswa njalo kwe-pedal, ukugqoka kuzohamba ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma amabhuleki engenaso isikhathi sokupholisa.
2. Ukuchezuka ezimpahleni zezinto zokwakha. Akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokushintshwa kwamanje, ama-disc (izigubhu) namaphedi afakwa ngokufana ncamashí nanjengoba ayenjalo embonini. Amadiski angenziwa ngensimbi ewuquqaba yobulukhuni obuhlukahlukene kanye nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, futhi amaphedi enziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukene, kusetshenziswa izinto zendabuko ngaphandle kwe-asbestos, ukufakwa kwezinsimbi noma imicu yemvelo. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka, ngokulingana okulinganayo ekuhlanganiseni okuhlukahlukene, ukushintsha ama-pads noma ama-discs kaningi.
3. Ukungcola ezindaweni zokusebenza. Uthuli nesihlabathi kusebenza njengama-abrasives, okusheshisa ukugqoka.
4. Ukugqwala kwama-disc kanye nokuwohloka kwempahla yolayini. Zingenzeka zombili ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okungajwayelekile kwamabhuleki, futhi okuphambene nalokho, ukushisa ngokweqile.
5. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini yokuqondisa yebhuleki. Amaphedi ngeke acindezele ngokulinganayo, okubangela ukuguga okungavamile kohlangothi olulodwa.
6. Izinkinga zokuthwala isondolapho isondo le-backlash libangela ukuxubha njalo kwama-pads ku-disc.
7. Ukwephulwa kokugcina izikhala. Ukunganakwa kokulungiswa kwamabhuleki esigubhu noma ukumuncu kwamapiston kuma-disc brakes.

Njengoba ubona, ukugqoka okusheshisiwe kungavela kokubili ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo kanye nokunganaki komshayeli.

Kungani kubonakala ukuguga okungalingani kwezingxenye

Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukugqwala kwangaphakathi kwamapiston namasilinda ku-hydraulic drive. Ikakhulukazi kuma-multi-piston izindlela. Kukhona futhi ukumuncu kumshini wokuqondisa we-caliper.

I-warps yebakaki, okwenza ukuthi amaphedi acindezelwe kakhudlwana kolunye unqenqema kunolunye. I-caliper kufanele ihlakazwe, ihlanzwe futhi igcotshwe, ukuvimbela okokugcoba ukuthi kungangeni ezindaweni ezingqubuzanayo. Kodwa kungcono ukuphendukela ekushintsheni izingxenye.

Kushintshwa i-anther brake caliper Audi A6 C5, Passat B5

Iyini ingozi yokuguga kwezingxenye zesistimu yamabhuleki

Lapho izingxenye zifinyelela izilinganiso ezibucayi, ukusebenza kahle kwe-braking kuyehla, okungabonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yemithombo eyakhelwe ohlelweni lokubhuleka. Lokhu kuwukukhohlisa okuthile, amabhuleki angahluleka ngokuzumayo nemiphumela engenakulungiseka.

Ekushayeni okuphezulu kwamapads, ngokugqoka okungamukeleki, ama-pistons adlulela kude kakhulu namasilinda, ewela ezindaweni ezigqwalile, ezingasetshenzwa ngaphambili. Kunamathuba amaningi okuba ne-jamming ngokukhuphuka okufana ne-avalanche ekugqokeni nasekuhlulekeni okuphelele.

Lokhu kubhebhezelwa ukwehla kobukhulu bediski ngaphansi komkhawulo ovunyelwe. Imoto ngayinye inezinga layo elilinganiselwe likasayizi, okufanele lilawulwe ekulungisweni ngakunye okuhleliwe.

Ukuhlola amaphedi ngaphandle kokukhipha isondo

Akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokukhipha isondo. I-disc kumele ibe nebanga elanele phakathi kwezikhulumi ukuze inikeze ukulawula okubonakalayo. Ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukusebenzisa isibuko kanye nethoshi.

Uma sicabangela indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwe-pad ne-disc, khona-ke ekukhanyeni okuhle ungabona usayizi we-friction lining esele ku-substrate ye-pad.

Ngokuvamile inani elilinganiselwe lingu-2-3 mm. Kuyingozi ukuqhubeka nokushayela. Futhi kungcono ukungayifikisi kuleli nani, ngemuva kokusele kwe-4 mm sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha ama-pads.

Udaba luphinde lube yinkimbinkimbi ngokucishe kube okungelona iqiniso okuphelele kokuhlola iphedi yangaphakathi efihlwe ngaphansi kwe-caliper.

Ngisho noma ingabonakala kusukela ekupheleni kwediski, lokhu kuzonikeza ulwazi oluncane, le ndawo iguga ngokungalingani, futhi iphinde ifihle umphetho owenziwe ngesikhathi sokugqoka kumjikelezo wediski. Okungukuthi, ngokugqoka okungalingani kwamapads, ukutadisha kuphela kwangaphandle ngeke kunikeze lutho.

Ubukhulu bama-brake discs - indlela yokulinganisa nokuthi kufanele ibe yini kuma-Audi A6 C5 discs

Ngenhlanhla, abaklami bavamise ukunikeza inkomba yomkhawulo wokugqokwa kwe-electronic noma i-acoustic. Ibhulokhi iqala ukuklabalasa ngokwesimo noma ikhanyise inkomba kudeshibhodi.

Izincomo zokushintsha ama-brake pads

Ukwakhiwa kwamabhuleki kuyo yonke imishini kuyafana, ngakho-ke izici ezilandelayo zokugcinwa kwamayunithi zingahlukaniswa.

1. Amaphedi ahlala eshintshwa ngamasethi ku-axle efanayo. Akwamukelekile ukuwashintsha ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokugqoka okungalingani.
2. Lapho ushintsha amaphedi, kuyadingeka ukugcoba zonke izisetshenziswa zawo zomhlahlandlela ngokwakhiwa okukhethekile okunokushisa okuphezulu.
3. Isheke eliyisibopho lingaphansi kwenkululeko yokuhamba kwamapiston kumasilinda we-hydraulic.
4. Uma kwenzeka ukugqoka okungalingani kwe-disc noma ukweqa imingcele yejometri yayo, i-disc kufanele ishintshwe ngokungenamibandela.
5. Lapho ucindezela ama-piston ngaphansi kwamaphedi amasha, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokwandisa ngokukhululekile izinga loketshezi ku-master cylinder reservoir, bese ulethe izinga esimweni esivamile.
6. Isikhathi sokuqala ucindezela i-pedal ngemva kokufaka ama-pads, iwela, ngakho awukwazi ukuqala ukunyakaza ngaphandle kokucindezela ibhuleki izikhathi eziningana.
7. Ekuqaleni, ama-pads azogijima, ngakho ukusebenza kwamabhuleki ngeke kubuyiselwe ngokushesha.
8. Izigubhu ze-axle yangemuva zizodinga ukulungiswa kwebhuleki lesandla.

Ungawashintsha kanjani amabhuleki angaphambili i-Audi A6 C5

Angeke kube khona ama-trifles ekunakekeleni uhlelo lwamabhuleki. Ungathembi ukuthi ukufaka amaphedi esikhundleni kuzoxazulula zonke izinkinga.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kuzodingeka uthuthukise kakhulu zonke izakhi zesistimu, amapayipi, uketshezi olusebenzayo, kuze kufike esikhundleni se-caliper, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubiza kangakanani. Kunoma yikuphi, imiphumela izobiza kakhulu.