Ngabe isebenza kanjani i-brake master cylinder?
Okuqukethwe
Isistimu ye-hydraulic ye-brake drive yemoto iqala ngomshini okufanele uguqule amandla emishini kuma-pedals abe ukucindezela koketshezi olusebenzayo. Le ndima idlalwa yi-hydraulic cylinder, ebizwa ngendawo ehlala kuyo ngokuthi "main". Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bonke abanye abekho okwesibili, babizwa ngokuthi abasebenzi noma abaphathi.
Inhloso yeGTZ emotweni
I-Braking iqala ngokucindezela i-pedal. Okwamanje, awukwazi ukucabangela zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusiza abashayeli ezenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwakhe.
Isilinganiso esiphezulu esizosekela umlenze womuntu ofisa ukwehlisa ijubane lemoto i-vacuum brake booster (VUT) etholakala phakathi kwe-pedal assembly kanye ne-hydraulic device yokuqala eketango eligcina ngamabhuleki.
Isenzo esihlangene samandla emisipha kanye nomkhathi ngokusebenzisa i-membrane ye-WUT kufanele kwandise ukucindezela kulo lonke uhlelo lwe-hydraulic. Uma ama-valve e-ABS namaphampu angangeneleli, khona-ke lokhu kucindezela kuyafana nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Uketshezi oluwuketshezi alucindezeleki, yingakho lusetshenziswa kumabhuleki ezimoto. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ama-solids aphansi angenakulinganiswa ayesetshenziswa ngendlela yezinduku nezintambo zokushayela amaphedi emishini yokuqala.
Ukucindezela okuqondile kudalwa ngqo yi-piston yesilinda esikhulu sebhuleki (GTZ). Ngenxa yokungezwani, ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, umshayeli ngamunye wezwa ukuthi i-pedal iqina kanjani ngaphansi konyawo ngemva kokukhetha ukudlala kwayo kwamahhala.
Ukukhulula ingcindezi ngemva kokukhulula i-pedal kanye nokugcwalisa imigqa ngoketshezi uma kunesidingo nakho kuyimisebenzi ye-GTZ.
Ukuthi isebenza kanjani
I-GTZ yesifunda esisodwa, lapho kwakukhona khona i-piston eyodwa kuphela, ayisatholakali ezimotweni, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucabangela kuphela i-double-circuit. Ihlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwama-pistons amabili, ngayinye enesibopho sokucindezela egatsheni layo lesistimu.
Ngakho-ke, amabhuleki aphindwe kabili, okudingekayo ukuze kuphephe. Uma ukuvuza okuwuketshezi kwenzeka, khona-ke igatsha elihlala lisesimweni esihle lizokuvumela ukuthi umise imoto ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ibhuleki lokupaka nezinye izindlela eziphuthumayo.
I-piston yokuqala ixhunywe ngokuqondile esiqwini se-pedal. Iqala ukuqhubekela phambili, ivala i-bypass kanye nezimbobo zesinxephezelo, emva kwalokho amandla ngokusebenzisa umthamo we-liquid azodluliselwa ngokushesha kumaphedi wesifunda esiyinhloko. Bazocindezela ngokumelene nama-discs noma izigubhu, futhi i-deceleration izoqala ngosizo lwamandla okuphikisana.
Ukusebenzisana nepiston yesibili kwenziwa ngenduku emfushane ene-return spring kanye noketshezi oluyisisekelo lwesekethe. Okungukuthi, ama-piston axhunywe ochungechungeni, ngakho-ke ama-GTZ anjalo abizwa ngokuthi i-tandem. I-piston yesifunda sesibili isebenza ngokufanayo negatsha layo lesistimu.
Ngokuvamile, amasilinda amasondo asebenzayo asebenza ngokulinganayo, okungukuthi, isondo elilodwa langaphambili nelinye langemuva lixhunywe kumjikelezo ngamunye. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuthi kunoma yikuphi ukusebenzisa amabhuleki angaphambili, asebenza kahle kakhulu, okungenani kancane.
Kodwa kunezimoto lapho, ngenxa yezizathu zesakhiwo, isifunda esisodwa sisebenza kuphela emasondweni angaphambili, kanti eyesibili kuwo wonke amane, okusetshenziselwa amasethi engeziwe amasilinda amasondo.
Idivayisi
I-GTC ihlanganisa:
- izindlu ezinezinsimbi ezinikezela uketshezi olusuka ethangini lokunikezela kanye nokudonsa amanzi emigqeni yamasilinda asebenzayo;
- ama-pistons wesekethe yokuqala neyesibili;
- ukuvala ama-cuffs enjoloba atholakala emiseleni yamapiston;
- buyisela iziphethu ezicindezela lapho ama-pistons ehamba;
- i-anther evala indawo yokungena kwenduku ukusuka ku-VUT noma i-pedal ingena endaweni engemuva yepiston yokuqala;
- ipulaki yesikulufu esivala isilinda ukusuka ekugcineni, ngokuyikhulula ongakwazi ukuhlanganisa noma ukuqaqa isilinda.
Izimbobo zesinxephezelo zitholakala engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba we-cylinder, zingadlula lapho ama-pistons enyakaza, ahlukanise umgodi wokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nethangi lokuhlinzeka ngokunikezwa koketshezi.
I-tank ngokwayo ngokuvamile ixhunywe ngqo kusilinda ngokusebenzisa ama-cuffs okuvalwa, nakuba ingathuthelwa kwenye indawo endaweni yenjini, futhi uxhumano lwenziwa ngamapayipi okucindezela okuphansi.
Ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu
Ukwephulwa kwe-master brake cylinder akufakiwe, futhi konke ukungasebenzi kahle kuhlotshaniswa nokudlula koketshezi ngezimpawu:
- ukugqoka nokuguga kwamakholomu okuvala ohlangothini lwenduku, uketshezi lungena emgodini we-vacuum booster noma, lapho lungekho, lungene endaweni yabagibeli, ezinyaweni zomshayeli;
- ukwephulwa okufanayo kwama-cuffs kuma-pistons, isilinda siqala ukudlula esinye seziyingi, i-pedal ihluleka, i-braking iba yimbi;
- ukucwiliswa kwamapiston ngenxa yokugqwala kwawo kanye nesibuko sesilinda, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukunwebeka kwemithombo yokubuya;
- ukwanda kwe-stroke kanye nokwehla kokuqina kwe-pedal ngesikhathi sokubhuleka ngenxa yomoya emgqeni wamabhuleki.
Kwezinye izimoto, amakhithi okukhanda anama-piston nama-cuffs asagcinwe kumakhathalogi wezingxenye eziyisipele. Kanye nezincomo zokususa amaphutha e-cylinder surface nge-sandpaper.
Eqinisweni, lo msebenzi awunangqondo kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwazi ukunweba kakhulu insiza ye-GTZ esebenzile, futhi ukushayela nge-cylinder ye-hydraulic cylinder engathembeki, engeyona ize ebizwa ngokuthi iyinhloko. , ayijabulisi futhi iyingozi. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni eziningi, isilinda sishintshwa ngomhlangano omusha.
Indlela yokuhlola nokopha isilinda esiyinhloko yamabhuleki
I-GTZ ihlolelwa izimpawu zenkinga yamabhuleki. Imvamisa lokhu ukunyathela okuhlulekayo noma okuthambile okunohambo olwandisiwe. Uma isheke lawo wonke amasilinda asebenzayo nama-hoses angabonisi izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle, khona-ke kuphothulwa ngokuyinhloko, okufanele kushintshwe.
Ungakwazi cishe ukulinganisa ukusebenza ngokukhulula izixhumo zamapayipi ebhuleki ngamunye ngamunye ku-GTZ bese ubheka ukushuba kokuvuza lapho ucindezela i-pedal. Kodwa asikho isidingo esikhethekile salokhu, i-GTZ esebenzile ishintshwa ngokusola okuncane, ukuphepha kubiza kakhulu.
Uma ushintsha isilinda, ugcwele uketshezi olusha, futhi umoya oweqile ungena ethangini ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zokudlula, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo esikhethekile sokupompa okuhlukile. Kwanele ukucindezela ngokuphindaphindiwe i-pedal ngokupompa okujwayelekile kwesistimu ngokusebenzisa ama-valve wezinqubo zokusebenza.
Uma, ngasizathu simbe, kuyadingeka futhi ukupompa i-GTZ, ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokhu, ukusebenza ndawonye, okokufaka okukhiphayo kuvinjelwe ngokulandelana, ngaphandle kokukodwa. Umoya uphuma kuyo ngokuyivula ngaphambi kokucindezela i-pedal bese uyivala ngaphambi kokuyikhulula.
Asikho isidingo sokunqamula amashubhu, kwanele "ukuwalulaza" ngokukhulula kancane i-nut union. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqapha inani elanele loketshezi ethangini.
Ukuphepha kwesilinda kanye nokuqinisekisa impilo yayo yesevisi ende kuqinisekiswa ngokushintshwa okufika ngesikhathi kwe-brake fluid ngokushayela isistimu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amanzi afika lapho, athathwe ukwakheka kwe-hygroscopic okuvela emoyeni.
Ngenxa yalokho, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi iphuzu elibilisayo liyehla, eliyingozi, kodwa ukugqwala kwezindawo zama-piston namasilinda kuqala, futhi ama-cuffs alahlekelwa ukuqina kwawo. Inqubo inconywa ukuba yenziwe njalo eminyakeni emibili.
