Umlando wohlobo lomoto iCitroen

ICitroen wudumo oludumile lwaseFrance, olunenhloko-dolobha yamasiko omhlaba, iParis. Le nkampani iyingxenye yokukhathazeka okuzenzakalelayo kwePeugeot-Citroen. Esikhathini esingengakanani esidlule, inkampani yaqala ukubambisana nenkampani yaseChina iDongfeng, lapho izimoto zalo mkhiqizo zithola imishini yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

Kodwa-ke, konke kwaqala ngesizotha kakhulu. Nayi indaba yomkhiqizo owaziwa umhlaba wonke oqukethe izimo ezimbalwa ezingezinhle eziphazamisa ukuphathwa.

Umsunguli

Ngo-1878, u-Andre wazalelwa emndenini wakwaCitroen, onezimpande zase-Ukraine. Ngemuva kokuthola imfundo yezobuchwepheshe, uchwepheshe osemusha uthola umsebenzi ebhizinisini elincane elenza izingxenye ezisele zezitimela zomphunga. Kancane kancane, inkosi yathuthuka. Ulwazi oluqoqiwe namakhono amahle okuphatha kumsizile ukuthi athole isikhundla sokuba ngumqondisi womnyango wezobuchwepheshe esitshalweni saseMors.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, lesi sitshalo sasibandakanyeka ekwakheni amagobolondo ezikhali zamasosha aseFrance. Lapho ubutha buphela, inhloko yesitshalo kwakudingeka inqume ngephrofayili, ngoba izikhali zazingasenenzuzo kangako. U-André akazange acabangele ngokungathi sína ukuthatha indlela ye-automaker. Kodwa-ke, wayazi kahle ukuthi le niche ingaba nenzuzo enkulu.

Futhi, uchwepheshe ubesenolwazi olwanele kumakhenikhi. Lokhu kumenze ukuthi athathe ithuba futhi anikeze inkambo entsha ekukhiqizeni. Umkhiqizo wabhaliswa ngo-1919, futhi wathola igama lomsunguli njengegama. Ekuqaleni, wacabanga ngokwakha imodeli yokusebenza kwemoto ephezulu, kepha ukusebenza kwamvimba. U-André wakuqonda kahle kahle ukuthi kubalulekile hhayi nje ukudala imoto, kodwa ukunika umthengi okuthile okungabizi. Okufanayo kwenziwa yilowo owayephila ngesikhathi sakhe, uHenry Ford.

Isifanekiselo

Umklamo we-chevron ophindwe kabili wakhethwa njengesisekelo sophawu. Iyigiya elikhethekile elinamazinyo amise okwe-V. I-patent yokwenziwa kwengxenye enjalo yafakwa ngumsunguli wenkampani emuva ngo-1905.

Umkhiqizo ubudingeka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezinkulu. Imvamisa, ama-oda ayevela ezinkampanini zokwakha imikhumbi. Isibonelo, iTitanic edumile yayinamagiya e-chevron kwezinye izindlela.

Lapho inkampani yezimoto isungulwa, umsunguli wayo wanquma ukusebenzisa umklamo wendalo yakhe - i-chevron ephindwe kabili. Kuwo wonke umlando wenkampani, ilogo isishintshe izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye, kepha, njengoba ubona esithombeni, into eyinhloko ibilokhu ifana.

Umkhiqizo ohlukile wezimoto ezikhiqizwa yinkampani, i-DS isebenzisa uphawu olufana nophawu olukhulu. Izimoto zisebenzisa i-chevron ephindwe kabili, imiphetho yayo kuphela eyakha uhlaka S, futhi eceleni kwayo kukhona u-D.

Umlando wemoto kumamodeli

Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa yinkampani ungalandelwa kumamodeli avela kuma-brand conveyors. Nakhu ukuvakasha okusheshayo komlando.

• Ngo-1919 - U-André Citroen wethula ukukhiqizwa kwemodeli yakhe yokuqala, Uhlobo A. Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi enamandla angu-18 yayinohlelo lokupholisa amanzi. Umthamo wayo wawuyi-1327 cubic centimeters. Ijubane elikhulu kwakungamakhilomitha angama-65 ngehora. Okucacile kwemoto ukuthi ibisebenzisa ukukhanyisa kanye ne-starter kagesi. Futhi, imodeli yaba eshibhile impela, ngenxa yokuthi ukusakazwa kwayo kwakucishe kube izingcezu eziyi-100 ngosuku.
• Ngo-1919 - Izingxoxo ziyaqhubeka neGM ukuze lo mshini osanda kwakhiwa abe yingxenye yawo. Isivumelwano besicishe sasayinwa, kepha ngomzuzu wokugcina inkampani yabazali okusolwa ukuthi yahlehla esivumelwaneni. Lokhu kuvumele inkampani ukuthi iqhubeke nokuzimela kuze kube ngo-1934.
• Ngo-1919-1928 uCitroen usebenzisa isikhangiso esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esifakwe eGuinness Book of Records - i-Eiffel Tower. Ukukhuthaza lo mkhiqizo, umsunguli wenkampani uxhasa uhambo olude oluya emazweni ase-Afrika, eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia. Kuzo zonke izimo, unikeze izimoto zakhe, okukhombisa ukuthembeka kwalezi zimoto ezingabizi.
• 1924 - Umkhiqizo ukhombisa ukwakhiwa kwawo okulandelayo, i-B10. Kwakuyimoto yokuqala yaseYurophu enomzimba wensimbi. KuParis Auto Show, imoto yathandwa ngokushesha hhayi abashayeli kuphela, kodwa futhi nabagxeki. Kodwa-ke, ukuthandwa kwemodeli kudlule ngokushesha, njengoba izimbangi zazivame ukwethula izimoto ezingashintshi, kepha emzimbeni ohlukile, futhi uCitroen ukubambezele lokhu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuphela kwento abathengi abanentshisekelo ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyizindleko zezimoto zaseFrance.
• 1933 - amamodeli amabili avela ngasikhathi sinye. Le yiTraction Avant, ebisebenzisa umzimba wensimbi monocoque, ukumiswa kwangaphambili ezimele nedrayivu yesondo langaphambili. Imodeli yesibili nguRossalie, ngaphansi kwe-hood lapho kwakukhona injini kadizili.
• I-1934 - ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ekwakhiweni kwamamodeli amasha, inkampani iyaqothuka futhi ingena komunye wabakweletwayo - iMichelin. Ngemuva konyaka, umsunguli womkhiqizo wakwaCitroen uyafa. Lokhu kulandelwa yisikhathi esinzima, lapho ngenxa yobudlelwano obunzima phakathi kweziphathimandla zaseFrance neJalimane, inkampani iphoqeleka ukuba yenze intuthuko eyimfihlo.
• Ngo-1948 - eParis Motor Show, imodeli yamandla amancane enamandla amancane (amahhashi ayi-12 kuphela) i-2CV, okuba okuthengisa kakhulu kwangempela, futhi kukhishwe kuze kube ngu-1990. Imoto encane ibingagcini nje ngokonga kodwa futhi ithembeke ngokumangazayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshayeli wemoto onemali ejwayelekile angakwazi ukukhokhela leyo moto ngokukhululekile. Ngenkathi abakhiqizi bomhlaba wonke bezama ukunaka ukunakekelwa kwezethameli ngezimoto ezijwayelekile zezemidlalo, abakwaCitroen baqoqa abashayeli abasebenzayo abakuzungezile.
• 1955 - ukuqala kokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo odumile, owavela ngaphansi kobuholi bale nkampani. Imodeli yokuqala yesigaba esisha esenziwe i-DS. Imibhalo yezobuchwepheshe yalezi zinhlobo ikhombise inombolo engu-19, 23, njll, ekhombisa ivolumu yeyunithi yamandla efakwe emotweni. Isici semoto ukubukeka kwayo okucacile kanye nokuvunyelwa kwasekuqaleni komhlaba ophansi (kuyini lokhu, funda lapha). Imodeli yaqala ukuthola amabhuleki ediski, ukumiswa komoya wokubacindezela, okungalungisa imvume yomhlaba. Onjiniyela bokukhathazeka kweMercedes-Benz baba nentshisekelo kulo mbono, kepha ukukopela kwakungavunyelwe, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kokumiswa okuhlukile okuguqula ukuphakama kwemoto kwenziwa cishe iminyaka eyi-15. Ngo-68th, imoto yathola enye intuthuko - amalensi ojikelezayo we-front optics. Impumelelo yemodeli nayo ingenxa yokusetshenziswa komhubhe womoya, owavumela ukwakheka komzimba onezici ezinhle kakhulu ze-aerodynamic.
• Ngo-1968 - Ngemuva kokutshalwa kwemali okungaphumelelanga, inkampani ithola umkhiqizi odumile wemoto yezemidlalo iMaserati. Lokhu kuvumela imoto enamandla ngokwengeziwe ukuheha abathengi abakhuthele ngokwengeziwe.
• 1970 - Imodeli ye-SM idalwe ngesisekelo sezimoto ezitholakalayo zezemidlalo. Isebenzise iyunithi yamandla kagesi engu-2,7-litre enamandla angu-170 amahhashi. Umshini wokuqondisa, ngemuva kokujika, wahambisa ngokuzimela amasondo okuqondisa endaweni eqondile. Futhi, imoto yathola ukumiswa okwaziwayo kakade kwe-hydropneumatic.
• 1970 - Ukukhiqizwa kwemodeli okuvale igebe elikhulu phakathi kwe-subcompact yasemadolobheni i-2CV ne-DS ekhangayo nebizayo. Le moto ye-GS ihambise inkampani endaweni yesibili ngemuva kwePeugeot phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezimoto baseFrance.
• Ngo-1975-1976 lo mkhiqizo ubuye ucwile futhi, yize kuthengiswe izinkampani ezingaphansi eziningana, kubandakanya uphiko lwamaloli iBerliet kanye namamodeli wezemidlalo iMaserati.
• 1976 - Iqembu le-PSA Peugeot-Citroen liyakhiwa, elikhiqiza izimoto eziningana eziqinile. Phakathi kwazo kukhona iPeugeot 104 model, I-GS, UDyane, inguqulo ye-homologation 2CV, SH. Kodwa-ke, ophathina abanantshisekelo ekuqhubekeni phambili kwesigaba seCitroen, ngakho-ke bafuna ukuqamba kabusha.
• Iminyaka yo-1980 abaphathi balesi sigaba badlula kwesinye isikhathi esidabukisayo lapho zonke izimoto zisuselwa kuzingxenyekazi zePeugeot. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90s, iCitroën cishe yayihlukile kumamodeli ahambisana nayo.
• Ngo-1990 - lo mkhiqizo unweba indawo yawo yokuhweba, uheha abathengi abavela e-United States, emazweni angaphambi kweSoviet, eMpumalanga Yurophu naseChina.
• 1992 - ukwethulwa kwemodeli yeXantia, okushintshe ukuthuthukiswa kokuklanywa kwazo zonke izimoto zenkampani.
• 1994 - Ama-debuts ama-minivan okuqala okubalekela.
• 1996 - abashayeli bathola iveni lomndeni iBerlingo elisebenzayo.
• 1997 - Kuvela imodeli yomndeni wakwaXsara, owabonakala uthandwa kakhulu.
• 2000 - ama-C5 sedan debuts, okungenzeka ukuthi idalwe njengendawo ye-Xantia. Ukuqala ngayo, kuqala "inkathi" yamamodeli C. Umhlaba wabashayeli uthola i-minivan C8, Izimoto ze-C4 kanye no-C2 emizimbeni ye-hatchback, i-C1 yasemadolobheni kanye ne-C6 sedan yokunethezeka.
• 2002 kuvela enye imodeli edumile yeC3.

Namuhla, inkampani iyaqhubeka nokuzama ukuzuza inhlonipho yababukeli bomhlaba wonke ngama-crossovers, izimoto ezi-hybrid kanye ne-homologation yamamodeli asedumile. Ku-2010, kwethulwe umqondo wesimodeli sikagesi seSurvolt.

Ekuphetheni, siphakamisa ukubuka ukubuka konke okufushane ngemoto edumile ye-DS yama-50s:

Unkulunkulukazi: imoto enhle kunazo zonke emhlabeni? I-Citroen DS (ukuhlolwa nomlando)

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yenziwa kuphi imoto yakwaCitroen? Ekuqaleni, amamodeli we-Citroen brand ahlanganiswa eFrance, bese emafektri omlando eSpain: emadolobheni aseVigo, Onet-sous-Bois naseRen-la-Jane. Manje izimoto zihlangene emafektri e-PSA Peugeot Citroen. iqembu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-Citroen brand? Uhlu lwamamodeli omkhiqizo luhlanganisa: DS (1955), 2 CV (1963), Acadiane (1987), AMI (1977), BX (1982), CX (1984), AX (1986), Berlingo (2015), C1- C5 , Jumper, njll.

Ubani othenge uCitroen? Kusukela ngo-1991 ubeyilungu leqembu le-PSA Peugeot Citroen. Ngo-2021, leli qembu lanqanyulwa ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwamaqembu ePSA neFiat Chrysler (FCA). Manje sekuyinhlangano yaseStellantis.