Yini imvume yezimoto

Ukukhetha imoto entsha, umthengi uqondiswa idatha ehlukene: amandla enjini, ubukhulu nohlobo lomzimba. Kepha lapho kuthengiswa khona izimoto, umphathi nakanjani uzonaka imvume.

Ngabe kuthinta ini le parameter futhi ingashintshwa yini emotweni yakho? Ake sizame ukuqonda lezi zinkinga.

Yini imvume yezimoto

Uma ushayela, imoto kufanele ibambelele kuphela emgwaqweni namasondo ayo. Lesi ngesinye sezici eziyinhloko zokuqinisekisa induduzo phakathi nohambo. Ibanga phakathi kwezansi lemoto nomgwaqo libizwa ngokuthi yi-clearance.

Ngokuqondile, ukuphakama ukusuka ebusweni bomgwaqo kuya endaweni ephansi kakhulu emotweni. Lapho uthenga ezokuthutha, okokuqala, kudingeka ucabangele leli nani. Akunandaba ukuthi ezokuthutha zinamandla futhi zikhululekile kangakanani, uma ihlale ithinta umgwaqo, izophuka ngokushesha (izakhi ezibalulekile zivame ukutholakala ezansi emotweni, ngokwesibonelo, ulayini wamabhuleki).

Ngosayizi wemvume, abashayeli bezimoto banquma ukuthi imoto izodlula kanjani, nokuthi ingaqhutshwa yini emigwaqweni ethile. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwekhono lokuwela izwe, ukuvunyelwa komhlaba kuthinta ukuzinza kwezimoto emgwaqweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, imvume ephakeme yomhlaba izovumela umshini ukuthi unqobe izithiyo (ngokwesibonelo, lapho ushayela emigwaqweni yasemaphandleni enemigodi ejulile). Ukuvunyelwa okuphansi kuzohlinzeka ngokuncipha kokusebenza, futhi ngayo ukubambelela nokuzinza okuphumelelayo (sizokhuluma ngokusebenziseka kwalesi sixazululo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi).

Isici esinqumayo

Kubashayeli abaningi bezimoto, umqondo wokususwa kwezimoto uyafana nebanga ukusuka phansi ukuya onqenqemeni olungezansi lwebhampa yangaphambili. Isizathu salo mbono wukuthi uma ushayela emigwaqweni engahambanga kahle, yiwona bhampa ovame ukuhlupheka. Ubhampa ophukile ubonakala nakulezo zimoto abashayeli bazo abathanda ukupaka eduze kwama-curbs noma iqhwa ebusika.

Nakuba ukuphakama kukabhampa wangaphambili kudlala indima enkulu ekunqumeni ubude bokugibela imoto, unqenqema lwayo aluhlali luyindawo ephansi kakhulu yemoto. Ezimotweni zamakilasi ahlukene, ukuphakama kwe-bumper yangaphambili kuzohluka:

• Ezimotweni zabagibeli (ama-sedans, ama-hatchbacks, izinqola zesiteshi, njll.), le parameter ihluka kusuka ku-140 kuya ku-200 millimeters;
• Ama-crossovers - kusuka ku-150 kuya ku-250 millimeters;
• Ukuze SUVs - kusuka 200 kuya 350 millimeters.

Yiqiniso, lezi izinombolo ezimaphakathi. Obhampa abaningi besimanje babuye bahlome ngesiketi esivikelayo esenziwe ngepulasitiki enerabha ethambile. Lapho umshayeli epaka imoto yakhe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka nesithiyo esime mpo (ngokwesibonelo, unqenqema), isiketi sinamathela kuso futhi kuzwakale umsindo omkhulu emotweni.

Ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kwesiketi noma ibhampa ngokwayo ngesikhathi sokupaka, umkhiqizi uhlomisa izimoto ngezinzwa zokupaka. Ezimweni eziningi, le sistimu idala isexwayiso esizwakalayo noma ibonise ividiyo yendawo ngqo phambi kwebhampa. Lapho kufakwa izinzwa zokupaka eziphansi, maningi amathuba okuba kutholakale isithiyo esiyingozi phambi kwemoto.

Yini imvume?

Emibhalweni yezokuthutha yezobuchwepheshe, le pharamitha iboniswa ngamamilimitha, kepha, kunezindlela ezinjengalezi zemishini lapho imvume ingafinyelela amamitha amabili (ogandaganda bokucubungula amasimu kakotini). Ezimotweni zabagibeli, le pharamitha iyahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-13 kuye kwayi-20.

Ama-SUV anendawo ephakeme yomhlaba. Naba abanye "babanikazi bamarekhodi":

• IHummer (imodeli H1) - ngamasentimitha angama-41 (ngaphansi kancane kokuphakama kwamanye ogandaganda, ngokwesibonelo, eMTZ ifinyelela kuma-500 mm);
• UAZ (imodeli 469) - 30 cm;
• Esizukulwaneni sokuqala iVolkswagen Touareg, ifakwe ukumiswa komoya, imvume yomhlaba ingashintshwa, futhi ukuphakama kwemoto kuyahluka kusuka ku-237 mm kuya ku-300 mm;
• I-Niva (VAZ 2121) inemvume engama-22 cm.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lokumiswa nokwakhiwa kwemoto, ukunqunyulwa komhlaba kuzokwehla uma abagibeli behlala kule ndlwana bese befaka umthwalo osindayo esiqwini. Isisindo semoto siba sikhulu, ukumiswa kwe-sags, nemoto iyehla. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuze imoto ephansi idlule ngokuphepha engxenyeni yamagquma yomgwaqo owubhuqu, umshayeli angacela wonke umuntu ukuba aphume emotweni.

Awenelisekile ngokuvunyelwa: kufanelekile ukwenza okuthile

Uma kukhona ithuba elinjalo, khona-ke uma imvume ingafanelekile, kungcono ukuyidlulisela kwenye imoto. Kulesi simo, ungakhetha imodeli enemvume ephezulu evela embonini. Yiqiniso, le ndlela ayishibhile, ikakhulukazi uma ungakwazi ukuthengisa imoto yakho emakethe yesibili ngenani elithengekayo.

Nazi ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuphakamisa imoto yakho:

1. Esikhundleni samasondo ajwayelekile, faka amadiski anerediyasi eyengeziwe noma ubeke amathayi ngephrofayili eyandisiwe. Ngokuthuthukiswa okunjalo, into yokuqala ezoboniswa i-speedometer isivinini esingalungile, futhi i-odometer izobala ngokungalungile ibanga elihanjiwe. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukubala iphutha ngokuzimela bese uphindaphinda ukufundwa kwethuluzi langempela nge-coefficient ebalwe kusengaphambili. Futhi, iphrofayili yenjoloba elungisiwe noma ububanzi besondo kuzophazamisa ukuphatha kwemoto kube kubi kakhulu.
2. Thuthukisa ukumiswa kwemoto ngokufaka ama-shock absorber aphezulu. Ukushuna okunjalo nakho kunobubi obuthile. Okokuqala, ochwepheshe bazokusiza ukuthi ukhethe ama-dampers afanele ukuze lokhu kungathinti kakhulu induduzo ngenkathi ushayela. Uma imoto isengaphansi kwewaranti, ukuthuthukiswa okunjalo kungase kuholele ekunqatshweni kwesikhungo sesevisi ukwenza ukugcinwa kwamahhala ngenxa yokuphazamiseka komklamo wemoto.
3. Faka ama-autobuffers. Kulokhu, umshini ngeke wehlise kakhulu uma ulayishiwe. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-spacers emithonjeni enza ukumiswa kuqine, okuzophinde kuthinte kabi induduzo yokugibela.

Ngikuguqula kanjani ukuphakama kokuhamba?

Abanye abanikazi bezimoto banciphisa imvume yokusetshenziswa komhlaba ukuze kukhushulwe i-flotation noma ukuyenza ibe nozinzo olukhulu lapho isikhona. Konke kuncike endaweni lapho ezokuthutha zizohamba khona.

Ukuze unqobe indawo emagebhugebhu, udinga indawo ephakeme ukuze ungalimazi injini noma ezinye izinto ezisondele eduze komhlaba. Ukushayela emgwaqeni omkhulu kuzodinga ukuvunyelwa phansi, ngoba kulokhu kunezimbobo ezimbalwa emgwaqeni (yize lokhu kuncike endaweni - kwezinye izindawo kudingeka i-SUV kuphela).

Kunezindlela eziningana zokunciphisa, noma okuphambene nalokho - ukwandisa ukuvunyelwa komhlaba. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Faka amasondo wangokwezifiso. Uma kufakwa amadiski anobubanzi obuncane, lokhu kungahle kungabi kuhle. Kepha lapho ufaka ama-discs engaphezulu elikhudlwana, kungadingeka umzimba owengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo, ukwandisa usayizi wamakhothamo amasondo;
• Ukufakwa kwezimpawu entwasahlobo yokumiswa. Izitolo ezithengisa izimoto zidayisa izikhala ezikhethekile zenjoloba ezingafakwa phakathi kwezikhawu. Ngale ndlela ungenza imoto ibe yinde, kepha intwasahlobo izolahlekelwa ukuqina kwayo. Kufanele uzilungiselele ukugibela okunzima. Le ndlela inokubuyela emuva okukodwa - konke ukwethuka kuzoncishiswa kancane, okuzothikameza ukwakheka kwemoto;
• Abanye abakhiqizi bezimoto benze ukumiswa okuguqukayo. Ngokuya ngemodi ekhethiwe, uhlelo ngokwalo luyakwazi ukushintsha imvume. Futhi, ngale ndlela, imoto inganqoba noma yikuphi ukungalingani komgwaqo ongekho emgwaqweni, kepha lapho nje umgwaqo uba sezingeni, imoto ingehliswa futhi iguqulelwe ukushayela okusheshayo. Okubi ngalesi sikhathi sesimanje ukuthi ukumiswa komoya kubiza imali enesizotha, yingakho kungafanelekile kubanikazi bezinto ezibonakalayo ezinesizotha;
• Ukufakwa kwama-rack aphezulu noma okuphambene nalokho - aphansi;
• Ukususa ukuvikelwa kwenjini. Le nto inciphisa ibanga ukusuka endaweni ephansi kakhulu yemoto ukuya emgwaqeni, kepha ukuphakama kwemoto uqobo akuguquki.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lokuzenzakalela lunezithiyo eziningana ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, ukushintsha i-radius yamasondo kuzothinta ukunemba kokufundwa kwe-speedometer kanye ne-odometer. Futhi uma i-chassis yemoto ifakwe izinzwa ezengeziwe, kungenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi wazo awulungile. Isibonelo, iyunithi yokulawula izokwamukela idatha ngezinguquko zamasondo, kepha lolu lwazi ngeke luhambisane neqiniso, ngenxa yokuthi inani likaphethiloli lizobalwa ngokungalungile, njll.

Okwesibili, ukwenza izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwemoto kuzoliphazamisa kabi izinga lohambo nokuzinza kwalo emgwaqeni. Lokhu kuvame ukuba nomthelela omubi esiteringini nokumiswa. Ukwandisa imvume kuholela ekwandeni kwezimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni ezinqamula ezweni, kepha kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwayo ngejubane elikhulu.

Kungashiwo okufanayo ngalabo abafuna ukwenza imoto yezemidlalo ngehhashi labo lensimbi. Uma ufaka imishini ebukela phansi imoto, kuzodingeka ukuthi ulungele ukwenza ukuyekethisa okuthile. Ngakho-ke, ezokuthutha zesimanje zizokwenza kube lula ukushayela kuphela emigwaqeni eyisicaba, futhi ukuvikelwa kwenjini kuzohlala kubambelela kokungafani okuhlukahlukene.

Okwesithathu, kwamanye amazwe, izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwemoto ngaphandle kwemvume efanele zijeziswa ngumthetho, kanti lowo othanda ukulungisa izimoto uzophoqeleka ukuthi akhokhe inhlawulo.

Izici zokulinganisa usayizi wemvume

Ungalinganisa kanjani kahle inani lemvume? Abanye bakwenza lokhu ngokulinganisa ibanga ukusuka ezansi kwebhampa ukuya emgwaqeni. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi lokhu akuyona inqubo elungile. Iqiniso wukuthi ubhampa wangemuva uyohlala njalo ephakeme kunaleyo engaphambili, kanti nemoto engaphambili ivame ukuba ngaphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhampa amaningi anesiketi senjoloba esehliswe ngokukhethekile ukuze axwayise umshayeli ngesithiyo esiphakeme kakhulu.

Abashayeli abaningi babheka ubhampa njengendawo ephansi kunayo yonke yemoto, ngoba imvamisa le ngxenye ihlupheka lapho kupakwa eduze komgwaqo noma lapho imoto iba yisithiyo esikhulu. Eqinisweni, lapho imoto ibopha amabhuleki, umzimba wayo uhlala utshekela phambili kancane, ngakho-ke ibhampa engaphambili ivame ukubambelela emagqumeni ahlukene.

Kodwa-ke, kumamodeli amaningi ezimoto, ngisho nebhampa ephambili ayiyona indawo esondele kakhulu emhlabathini. Imvamisa le ngxenye yenziwa ngendlela yokwandisa i-angle yokuphuma - kulapho imoto yehla khona egqumeni eliphakeme yangena emgwaqeni oyisicaba. Izimo ezinjalo zitholakala ezindaweni zokupaka ezinezitezi eziningi nasemigwaqeni yezimoto.

Nakhu ukuthi ungalinganisa kanjani ukuphakama kwe-lumen:

• Imoto kufanele ilayishwe, njengezimo ezijwayelekile - isisindo somshayeli, ithangi aligcwali kancane, isondo elisele kwi-trunk kanye nemithwalo emaphakathi (kufika ku-10 kilograms);
• Sabeka imoto emgodini;
• Into esezingeni futhi eqinile (izinga lihamba phambili) ilingana ngaphansi kwemoto ebubanzini bamasondo. Izakhi zokumiswa kanye nezamabhuleki azinakwa lapho zilinganiswa, ngoba kuyaqabukela zibambelele emotweni;
• Sikala imvume ezindaweni eziningi. Eyokuqala ingaphansi kwenjini, okungukuthi engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yokuvikelwa kwemoto (akufanele isuswe, ngoba ivimbela i-ICE ekushayweni okubucayi ngokumelene nezithiyo emgwaqweni). Iphuzu lesibili yi-stretcher. Izinga lifakwa ngaphansi kwemoto futhi ukuphakama kukalwa ngamaphuzu amaningi. Inani elincane kakhulu kuzoba yimvume yemoto. Lokhu kwenzelwa ngaphambili;
• Iphoyinti elingezansi lemoto ngemuva kuzoba ngogongolo olungemuva. Inqubo iyefana neyangaphambilini. Njengasesimweni sokuqala, ukucatshangelwa kokumiswa nokwenziwa kwamabhuleki nakho akubhekwa lapha - akukuthinti ukuzimisela kokuhamba kwemoto.

Enye ipharamitha okufanele ibhekwe lapho kunqunywa ukudlula komshini i-angle yokuphuma. Vele, akekho umuntu ohamba emgwaqeni ngenkathi eshayela ukukala konke ukungalingani. Noma kunjalo, okungenani ngokubukeka, udinga ukujwayela ukuthi umshayeli angakwazi ukupaka eduze kangakanani kunqenqema lomgwaqo, noma ukuthi yikuphi ukujula okuphezulu kwethrekhi okuvunyelwe ebusika ukuze kungoni ukonakala.

Nayi ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungayilinganisa kanjani le pharamitha:

Indlela ye-Audi Q7 3.0 TDI / ama-engeli okuhamba - ukuhlolwa kwe-engeli

Ngokuphathelene nobukhulu bezingalo zokuphuma / zokungena, kuncike ngqo kubude bengxenye yemoto etholakala ohlangothini olungaphandle lwamasondo ukusuka ngaphambili kuye emuva, okusho ukuthi, ubude kusukela ekugcineni kukabhampa entengweni yesondo. Isikhathi eside se-hood, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukushayela intaba ephakeme, njengeroli yokudonsa.

Kungani kubalulekile ukwazi leli banga?

Indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni inika umshayeli ukuzethemba ukuthi imoto izokwazi ukunqoba isithiyo esinzima, noma ngabe i-snowdrift, indawo ewumqansa eya endaweni engaphezulu, njll. ngaphandle kokulimala emotweni.

Kubalulekile ukunaka le parameter ngaphambi kokuthenga imoto entsha. Izinhlobo eziningi zesimanje zezimoto zabagibeli zinemvume ecishe ibe ngamamilimitha ayi-160. Ukuze usebenze edolobheni elikhulu elinemigwaqo esezingeni eliphezulu, imvume enjalo yanele ngokwanele.

Kodwa uma umshayeli ehamba ngezikhathi ezithile emigwaqweni yasemaphandleni, uzodinga hhayi kuphela imoto eqinile, kodwa futhi imoto enemvume ekhulayo yomhlabathi. Lapho ukhetha imoto, udinga ukucabangela lezi zici. Kodwa ezifundeni eziningi zesikhala se-post-Soviet, ngisho nasemadolobheni amakhulu, imigwaqo ishiya okuningi, ngakho-ke kuyoba usizo kakhulu ukukhetha imoto enemvume ephezulu.

Ungazikala kanjani?

Ubunkimbinkimbi bokulinganisa imvume bulele esidingweni sokungena ngaphansi kwemoto. Ngokuvamile kuvela ukucacisa kahle le pharamitha kusuka emgodini wokuhlola. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela ekhethiwe (imoto imi phezu kwe-asphalt noma imi phezu komgodi, futhi ibha eyisicaba ingaphansi kwemoto), indawo ephansi kakhulu yemoto iqala ngokubonakala.

Usebenzisa i-tape measure noma irula, kala ibanga ukusuka kuleli phuzu ukuya emgqeni ovundlile ngaphansi kwalo. Inani elincane kakhulu, uma isilinganiso senziwa ezingxenyeni eziningana zemoto, kuyoba nje imvume yemoto. Akulungile ukulinganisa ibanga ukusuka emaphethelweni aphansi webhampa ukuya phansi.

Ukuze imvume inqunywe ngendlela efanele, izilinganiso akufanele zithathwe emotweni engasindi, kodwa ngomthwalo ojwayelekile (ithangi eligcwele likaphethiloli, isisindo somshayeli nomgibeli oyedwa). Isizathu ukuthi imoto ayikaze ishayele ngaphandle kokulayisha. Okungenani kukhona uphethiloli ethangini, umshayeli nomgibeli okungenani oyedwa bahlezi ekhunjini.

Amagama ambalwa mayelana nama-overhangs

Ngokuvamile emibhalweni yezobuchwepheshe yemoto, ukuphakama kwama-overhangs angaphambili nangemuva kuyashiwo. Leli yibanga ukusuka endaweni ekude yonqenqema olungezansi lwebhampa ukuya emgwaqeni. Uma le pharamitha iba nkulu, mancane amathuba okuthi ilimaze ibhampa uma upaka eduze kwemiphetho.

I-engeli yokuphuma/yokungena nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Le parameter ihlobene ngokuqondile nobude bebhampa. Uma ibhampa ibe mfishane, i-engeli iba nkulu, futhi mancane amathuba okuba ushaye umgwaqo ngobhampa uma ushayela endaweni engumqansa yendawo yokupaka noma ukudlula. Okufanayo kusebenza nasezindaweni zokuphuma eziphakeme.

Amanani ajwayelekile okuvunyelwa phansi ezimotweni zabagibeli

Ezindaweni zamazwe e-CIS, izimoto ezifuywayo zisathandwa phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasemadolobheni amancane namadolobhana. Isizathu akukhona nje ukushibhile nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele zezimoto ezinjalo.

Imvamisa imoto yakwelinye izwe ayikwazi ukumelana namabhampa emigwaqeni ngenxa yokungabi bikho phansi. Ngakho-ke, umshayeli kufanele ashayele kancane futhi ngokucophelela emigwaqweni enjalo. Imoto yasekhaya ine high ground clearance (iphuzu eliphansi kunawo wonke liyibanga elingamamilimitha angu-180-190 ukusuka phansi), okulinikeza inzuzo ethile kuma-bumps.

Uma imoto ishayela emigwaqweni engenaqhwa futhi ephansi noma ephansi, imvume evamile ebangeni elisuka ku-120 kuya ku-170 millimeters yanele ngokwanele ezimweni ezinjalo. Izimoto eziningi zesimanje zinebanga elinjalo lokungena.

Uma kunesidingo, ngezikhathi ezithile noma ngokuvamile hamba emigwaqweni enokumbozwa okungalungile noma ku-primer, kungcono ukukhetha i-crossover. Abakhiqizi abaningi ohlwini banama-crossovers akhiwe ngesisekelo semoto yomgibeli. Umehluko phakathi kwalawa mamodeli ukukhuphuka kwemvume yomhlabathi.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ama-crossovers akhiwe ngesisekelo se-hatchback (hatch-cross). Izimoto ezinjalo zenzelwe ukuheha izethameli eziningi kumodeli eziwuthandayo, kodwa ezingafanele izimoto zabagibeli ezijwayelekile ngenxa yokuvunyelwa phansi. Kodwa ku-assortment yabakhiqizi abaningi kunamamodeli ahlukene we-crossovers anekhono elikhulu lokunqamula izwe futhi asesigabeni samanani esifanayo nezimoto ezijwayelekile zabagibeli.

Yikuphi ukuphakama okuphelele kwemvume?

Ukunquma ukuthi imoto ethile ihlangabezana nezinga lomkhiqizi, udinga nje ukuqhathanisa izinkomba. Ngakho-ke, inkambiso yezimoto ezinamasondo amane ezilula iwukucaciswa kwamamilimitha ayi-120 kuye kwayi-170. I-crossover ejwayelekile kufanele ibe nokuphakama kokuvunyelwa komhlaba ngamasentimitha ayi-17-21. Kuma-SUV, inani lamamilimitha angaphezu kwama-200 libhekwa njengokujwayelekile.

Okulandelayo, cabanga ngamacala lapho abathanda ukuhlenga izimoto bethatha isinqumo sokukhuphuka futhi kwesinye isikhathi behlise nokususwa komhlaba.

Kukufanele nini ukwengeza imvume nokuthi ungayenza kanjani?

Abokuqala ukucabanga ngesidingo sale nqubo bangabanikazi bama-SUV wesabelomali noma ama-crossovers. Imvamisa lezi zinhlobo zinomzimba omi ngendlela eyi-SUV, kodwa zinezici zemoto evamile yomgibeli. Kepha njengoba umenzi ehlinzekele ukwakheka komzimba okunjalo, lokhu kukhuthaza abanikazi bezinhlobo ezinjalo ukuthi bahlole izimoto zabo ngemodi engekho mgwaqo.

Futhi into yokuqala eyenziwa abashayeli abanjalo ukukhulisa imvume ukuze ingalimazi phansi nokunamathiselwe. Lokhu kulula ukukwenza ngamathayi wephrofayili ephezulu noma ama-radius discs amakhulu.

Ngokuvamile, abashayeli abashintsha le pharamitha hhayi kuphela ngezinjongo zokuzijabulisa. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma imoto ilayishiwe, emgwaqweni ongekho emgwaqeni ngokuqinisekile izobamba phansi endaweni ethile noma ilimaze ukuvikelwa kwenjini. Esinye isizathu kulapho imoto ishayisa phansi, iwela emgodini ojulile (lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emigwaqeni engahlanzekile ebusika).

Ukufaka ama-rack wangokwezifiso aphezulu kuyindlela esebenzayo, kepha ebiza kakhulu. Ezinye izinguquko zama-absorbers ashaqisayo - ikhono lokulungisa ukuphakama kwawo, kepha uzodinga ukusebenzisa imali ethe xaxa kulokhu, futhi akuthakazelisi ukubulala ukumiswa okunjalo ngaphandle komgwaqo (ngasendleleni, kukhona ukubuyekeza okuhlukile).

Ngabe ukunikezwa kwemvume okwandisiwe kunikeza ini?

Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kunezinhlangothi ezimbili kuhlamvu lwemali. I-plus izokwandiswa ikhono le-cross-country - noma ngabe kufanele upake eduze nemikhawulo ngangokunokwenzeka, umshayeli ezimweni eziningi uzoqiniseka ngokuphepha kwalowo ongaphansi. Futhi, ngokujule kakhulu, imoto ngeke "ihlale esiswini sayo" kaningi, okuzoba yibhonasi emnandi kunoma yimuphi umshayeli onqoba umgwaqo oyiqhwa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imoto ende inesikhungo esiphakeme samandla adonsela phansi, ngakho-ke lapho ugoba kudingeka uqaphele futhi wehlise ijubane ngaphambi kokujika. Ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla kwamandla, ibanga lokubhabha liyakhuphuka.

Kuthiwani ngesibalo esincishisiwe?

Ngokuqondene nokwehlisa imvume, asikho isidingo salokhu, okungenani ngokubuka kokusebenziseka. Imvamisa lokhu kwenziwa ngezizathu zobuhle. Futhi leyo yindaba yokunambitha. Abanye abanikazi bezimoto batshale imali eningi ekuthuthukiseni izimoto zabo, kepha izimoto ezihamba emgwaqweni azibukeki zipholile nhlobo.

Ngeke ukwazi ukushayela ngokushesha emotweni enjalo, ngoba lapho usheshisa futhi unyathela amabhuleki, umzimba utshekisa impela. Emotweni enganakiwe, lokhu kuzohambisana nekhefu eliqhubekayo noma ukugaya okubi nokukhishwa okumangazayo kwezinhlansi kusuka ekulimaleni kokuvikelwa kwenjini. Ukugwema lokhu, uzodinga ukufaka ukumiswa kwezemidlalo. Kepha ukushayela imoto enjalo emigwaqeni ejwayelekile kufana nokushayela imoto ngaphandle kwezinciphisi ezishaqisayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ngabe uhamba ngemoto enjalo uzungeze idolobha ngemodi "yokuphila okuhamba kancane", ikhilomitha lokuqala impela - futhi kuzofanela usungule okuthile ukuze ukhase phezu kwesigaxa sejubane. Kubabukeli abanamaselula, nakanjani lokhu kuzoheha.

Kepha noma ungashayeli imoto uye kulo msangano onje, le nqubo ngeke ingeze ukuba lusizo ekuthuthweni kwasendlini. Kepha ngokuqondene nezimoto zemidlalo, lapha imvume yokusetshenziswa ephansi idlala indima ebalulekile. I-Downforce kuma-bend bese idlala indima enkulu ekushesha kwemoto yezemidlalo.

Nazi ezinye izizathu zokuthi ungayithathi kancane imoto yakho:

Ngabe ngidinga ukubukela phansi iLada Vesta. Izinzuzo nezingozi zokubeka ngaphansi kweVesta - 50

Indlela yokukhetha umshini wokugcwalisa umshini?

Uma ukukhethwa kwephakheji yokuklama kanye nenketho kuyindaba yokuthanda komuntu siqu, khona-ke ukukhetha imoto ngokuvunyelwa kuyisidingo esikhulu kunendaba yokunambitha. Uma imoto iqhutshwa emigwaqweni enekhwalithi yaseYurophu, imvume yomhlabathi ingaba ephansi kakhulu.

Ezimotweni zezemidlalo, lokhu kuyipharamitha ebalulekile, ngoba nge-high ground clearance ngesivinini esihloniphekile, i-downforce ingalahleka, yingakho ngezinye izikhathi izimoto zezemidlalo zingakwazi ukuphakamisa phansi, zilahlekelwe ukuhamba kwamasondo.

Uma umshayeli ehlala endaweni yesikhala se-post-Soviet, khona-ke ngisho nasezimweni zedolobha, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga imoto okungenani imvume yamamilimitha angu-160. Ehlobo, kungase kubonakale sengathi imoto ingase ibe ngaphansi, kodwa ebusika, emgwaqeni ongacaciswanga kahle, ngisho nokuvunyelwa okunjalo kungase kungenele.

Nakani

Uma ushuna imoto ukuze iyenze ibe sezingeni eliphezulu, abanikazi bezimoto bafaka obhampa abanomkhawulo ophansi kunenguqulo evamile. Uma imoto ibamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni yezemidlalo, lokhu kuyazuzisa nakakhulu, ngoba ama-bumpers ezemidlalo athuthukisa i-aerodynamics yemoto.

Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, ngisho nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni, lokhu akuwona umqondo omuhle kakhulu. Isizathu siwukuthi uhambo lwansuku zonke luhambisana nesidingo sokushayela ezindaweni ezinciphisa isivinini noma ukupaka eduze komgwaqo. Ubhampa obizayo futhi omuhle onomkhawulo ophansi ezimweni ezinjalo uvame ukuhlupheka kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufaka imoto yakho ku-tuning enjalo, kubalulekile ukuhlola zonke izingozi zomonakalo kuma-bumpers. Uma umshini uzosebenza emigwaqweni yezwe, khona-ke imvume yayo kufanele yanele ukuze ukwazi ukufaka ukuvikelwa kwe-crankcase, okuzovikela i-pan kawoyela ekuqhekekeni.

Okudingayo ukwazi

Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa imoto ezimweni ezingekho emgwaqeni, ngaphezu kokuvunyelwa kwemoto, umnikazi wemoto kufanele acabangele amanye amapharamitha wejometri womzimba wemoto. Nakhu okudingeka ukunake:

• ukuzinza kwe-longitudinal. Lena i-engeli ephezulu ye-slope lapho imoto ihlala izinzile, noma ukuthintana kwawo wonke amasondo anendawo yomgwaqo. Ukwazi lokhu ipharamitha, umshayeli angakwazi ukulawula isikhathi rollover imoto in isiqondiso longitudinal (phambili noma emuva).
• ukuzinza okuphambene. Leli i-engeli ephezulu kakhulu yemoto lapho imoto igcina khona ukuthintana kwamasondo nendawo yomgwaqo. Ngokwazi leli pharamitha, umshayeli uzokwazi ukulawula isikhathi lapho imoto igingqika iye ohlangothini olulodwa.
• Ikhona lokusuka. Lena i-engeli ephakathi kwe-contact patch yesondo langemuva elinomgwaqo kanye nengxenye engaphandle yebhampa yangemuva. Le parameter ayibalulekile kuphela ezimotweni ezisebenza ezimweni ezingekho emgwaqeni. Izindawo zokupaka izimoto ezinamaleveli amaningi kanye nezindawo ezidlula ngaphezulu zivame ukuba ne-engeli ewumqansa ukuze konge isikhala. Ngenxa yomehluko phakathi kwe-engeli yokuphuma kanye nepharamitha efanayo emotweni, imoto ikwazi ukubambelela kubhampa wangemuva ngesikhathi lapho amasondo esevele esendaweni evundlile yomgwaqo, nobhampa wangemuva usengaphezu kwendawo ephumayo.
• I-engeli yokungena. Lena i-engeli ephakathi kwe-contact patch yesondo langaphambili nomgwaqo kanye nengxenye yangaphandle yebhampa yangaphambili. Njengasendabeni ye-engeli yokuphuma, le pharamitha ibalulekile uma ufaka indawo yokupaka engaphezulu noma enamazinga amaningi.
• I-angle ye-ramp. Lena i-engeli eyakhiwe amaphuzu amathathu emoto: indawo yokuthintana yesondo langaphambili, indawo yokuthintana yesondo elingemuva elinendawo yomgwaqo kanye nendawo ephansi phakathi kwamasondo. Le engeli ibalulekile uma imoto inqoba amagquma amancane kodwa aphakeme, isibonelo, amabhampa ejubane alingana ngokwezifiso. Kulokhu, ukuphakama okuphezulu kwengxenye ephakathi yemoto kuyisici esibalulekile. Izimoto ezine-wheelbase emfushane zizoba ne-engeli yerempu ebukhali, okusho ukuthi ngenhlanganisela yendlela ephezulu kanye nama-engeli aphumayo, imoto enjalo izonqoba ngokuzethemba umgwaqo omncane onamagquma. Isibonelo salokhu i-surior geometry ye-Suzuki Jimny SUV uma iqhathaniswa ne-Ford Explorer noma enye i-long-wheelbase elingana nayo.
• Ukujula komkhumbi. Lona umugqa ovundlile onemibandela, ophakeme kakhulu kunokukhishwa kwemoto. Le parameter ivumela imoto ukuthi ikwazi ukunqoba umfudlana wamanzi noma idamu elikhulu ukuze amanzi angangeni ngaphakathi emotweni noma alimaze izinto zikagesi ezisegumbini lenjini. Kumamodeli akwazi ukunqoba i-ford ejulile, i-generator, i-starter nezinye izinto zikagesi zifakwa phezulu ngokuvumela umklamo wemoto.

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Ekuphetheni - ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungakwandisa kanjani ngokuzimela imvume yemoto ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo komklamo wayo:

Indlela yokwandisa imvume yemoto ngezandla zakho?

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iyini imvume ephansi? Izimoto zezemidlalo kanye nama-sedans anemvume ephansi. Isuka ku-9 kuye ku-13 amasentimitha. Imvume esezingeni eliphezulu kuma-SUV okungenani ayi-18, ubukhulu bayo bungamasentimitha angama-35.

Kufanele kube yini imvume? Imvume ekahle iphakathi kuka-15 no-18 amasentimitha. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise umshini ezimweni ezihlukene: kokubili edolobheni nasemigwaqweni yasemaphandleni.

Iyini imvume yomhlaba? I-Ground clearance isho indawo engaphansi kwemoto. Leli ibanga ukusuka endaweni ephansi kakhulu yemoto (ngokuvamile i-sump yenjini) ukuya endaweni yomgwaqo.