Umlando wezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-2000s kanye nasekuqaleni kwawo-2010 kwabona ukwanda kwezimoto ze-hydrogen ezethulwa kancane kancane emakethe yomhlaba.

Uma uluhlobo lomuntu ongakazitholi izidlali ze-DVD futhi uncamela ukuthuthuka kwakho kwezobuchwepheshe kuhambe ngesivinini sofudu kunogwaja, umqondo wezimoto ze-hydrogen ungakwenza ulangazelele izinsuku lapho amasenti. wabusa imigwaqo - farthings. 

Izimoto ezisebenza nge-Hydrogen zingase zibonakale zethusa kusukela esikhathini esizayo, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bezokuthutha osebunesikhathi eside bukhona kunokuba ucabanga. 

Ubani owenza imoto yokuqala ye-hydrogen? 

Imoto yokuqala yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi esebenza nge-hydrogen (ICE) yayifana nethuluzi lokuhlukumeza kunokuthile okungakuyisa lapho ngokuthembekile, futhi yasungulwa umsunguli waseSwitzerland uFrançois Isaac de Rivaz ngo-1807 esebenzisa ibhaluni lomoya oshisayo eligcwele i-hydrogen. i-hydrogen ne-oxygen. Ngobuchwepheshe, lokhu kungabizwa ngokuthi imoto yokuqala ye-hydrogen, nakuba imoto yokuqala yesimanje ye-hydrogen ayizange ivele kwaze kwaba yiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-150 kamuva. 

Umlando wamaseli e-hydrogen fuel

Lapho ukuphila kwase kupholile kangangokuthi umuntu ovamile wayengaba nemisebenzi emithathu ngesikhathi esisodwa (kwakungu-1847), usokhemisi, ummeli, nesazi sesayensi yemvelo uWilliam Grove wasungula i-fuel cell esebenzayo, eyaziwa nangokuthi umshini oguqula amandla amakhemikhali e-hydrogen kanye negesi. umoya-mpilo. kugesi, okwamnika ilungelo lokuqhosha ngomsunguli we-fuel cell.

Umlando wamaseli kaphethiloli waqala ngesikhathi umsebenzi kaGroves unwetshwa ngunjiniyela oyiNgisi uFrancis Thomas Bacon phakathi kuka-1939 no-1959, lapho imoto yokuqala yesimanje kaphethiloli ingugandaganda wezolimo we-Allis-Chalmers ofakwe i-fuel cell engu-15 kW ngasekupheleni kuka-1950. iminyaka engu-XNUMX. 

Imoto yokuqala eyasebenzisa i-fuel cell kwakuyiChevrolet Electrovan eyafika ngo-1966 iphuma kwaGeneral Motors futhi yazishaya isifuba ngebanga elingu-200 km kanye nesivinini esiphezulu esingu-112 km/h. 

I-Hydrogen yayisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko njengomthombo kaphethiloli wezithuthi zasemkhathini ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kanye nama-90s, kodwa ngo-2001 kwaqala ukusebenza amathangi e-hydrogen angama-700 bar (10000 psi), okushintshile njengoba lobu buchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ezimotweni futhi andise indiza. ububanzi. 

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-2000s kanye nasekuqaleni kwawo-2010 kwabona ukwanda kwezimoto ze-hydrogen ezethulwa kancane kancane emakethe yomhlaba. Ngo-2008, abakwaHonda bakhiphe i-FCX Clarity eyayitholakala ukuze iqashwe kumakhasimende ase-Japan naseNingizimu California, nakuba yayiswa endaweni yokupaka izimoto esibhakabhaka ngo-2015.

Cishe zingu-20 ezinye izimoto ezisebenza nge-hydrogen ezikhiqizwe njengezibonelo noma amademo, okuhlanganisa imoto kagesi ye-F-Cell hydrogen fuel cell (FCEV, hhayi "i-FCV" njengoba abanye abantu beyibiza kanjalo) yakwaMercedes-Benz, iHydroGen4 yakwaGeneral motors. kanye ne-Hyundai ix35 FCEV.

Izimoto ze-Hydrogen: kuyini, kuzoba yini esikhathini esizayo esiseduze 

Hyundai Nexo

Icala lezimoto ezisebenza nge-hydrogen njengendlela yokuthutha esebenzayo lathola umfutho lapho abakwaHyundai bethula i-Nexo eKorea ngo-2018, lapho bathengisa khona amayunithi angaphezu kuka-10,000 ngentengo elingana ne-AU $84,000. 

I-Nexo iyathengiswa nase-US (esifundeni esiluhlaza saseCalifornia), e-UK nase-Australia, lapho itholakala khona ngokuqashiswa okukhethekile kuhulumeni namabhizinisi amakhulu kusukela ngoMashi 2021, okuyenza ibe ngeyokuqala ngqa iFCEV ukutholakala ngezohwebo. ogwini lwethu. 

Njengamanje, indawo okuwukuphela kwayo efaka uphethiloli i-Nexo eNew South Wales iyikomkhulu lakwaHyundai e-Sydney, nakuba kunesiteshi sikaphethiloli se-semi-state e-Canberra lapho uhulumeni eqashe khona inqwaba yama-hydrogen FCEV. 

I-okboard ye-hydrogen gas ingamumatha amalitha angu-156.5, kanti iNexo ikwazi ukuhamba amakhilomitha angu-666 ngenjini kagesi engu-120 kW/395 Nm.

Ukufaka amafutha ku-Nexo - nazo zonke izimoto ze-hydrogen - kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje, okuyinzuzo enkulu kunezimoto zikagesi ezithatha noma yikuphi ukusuka kumaminithi angu-30 ukuya emahoreni angu-24 ukushaja. 

IToyota Miray

Isizukulwane sokuqala i-Mirai FCEV yavela eJapane ngo-2014, futhi inguqulo yesizukulwane sesibili esanda kukhululwa isivele yenza i-splash kwabezindaba, ibeka irekhodi lomhlaba le-mileage ye-1,360 km ethangini eligcwele lika-5.65 kg we-hydrogen.

NjengoHyundai, iToyota inethemba lokuthi ingqalasizinda yase-Australia yokufaka uphethiloli nge-hydrogen izosatshalaliswa ngokushesha ukuze ikwazi ukudayisela abathengi ama-FCEV ayo, kanti i-Mirais yase-Australia eqashisiwe okwamanje ingafaka uphethiloli endaweni eyodwa yakwaToyota e-Alton, eVictoria. 

Umthamo wesitoreji se-hydrogen ebhodini ungamalitha ayi-141, kanti uhla lokuhamba luyi-650 km.

I-H2X Varrego

Isiqalisi sase-Australia i-FCEV H2X Global izoqala ukulethwa kwenjini yayo ye-Warrego ute hydrogen ngo-Ephreli 2022. 

Amathegi entengo yangaphambi kohambo akuwona awenhliziyo ebuthakathaka: $189,000 ye-Warrego 66, $235,000 ye-Warrego 90, kanye ne-$250,000 ye-Warrego XR.

Amathangi e-hydrogen angaphakathi anesisindo esingu-6.2 kg (ububanzi obungu-500 km) noma u-9.3 kg (ububanzi obungama-750 km).

Futhi...

IHyundai Staria FCEV iyathuthukiswa, kanjalo nama-FCEV akwaKia, Genesis, Ineos Automotive (Grenadier 4×4) kanye neLand Rover (iconic Defender).