Iridium spark plugs - izinzuzo kanye nebubi

Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, abashayeli babhekene nenkinga yokuqala injini njalo ngonyaka. Inkinga ukuthi emakhazeni umoya awutholakali kalula futhi ukuze ukhanyise ingxube kaphethiloli womoya, kudingeka ukukhishwa okunamandla okuvela ekhandleleni.

Ezinjini zikadizili, inkinga iyafana, kepha kukhona ukuthungela okwenzeka ngenxa yokushisa okuqinile komoya oyisilinda kusuka ekucindezelweni kwawo. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, onjiniyela bakha ama-plug akhanyayo.

Liyini ikhambi lama-ICE kaphethiloli? Kuyacaca ukuthi kukhona okumele kwenziwe ngamakhandlela ajwayelekile. Phakathi neminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, ubuchwepheshe bokudala i-SZ buthuthukile, ngenxa yokuthi ukuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kuye kwatholakala kubashayeli. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amakhandlela e-iridium. Cabanga ukuthi zihluke kanjani kwezijwayelekile, nokuthi zisebenza kanjani.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwamakhandlela e-iridium

Ama-plugs we-Iridium anokwakheka okufanayo nenguqulo ejwayelekile (ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngalezi zinto, bheka kwesinye isihloko). Umgomo wokusebenza umi ngale ndlela elandelayo.

Umfutho kagesi omfushane unikezwa ngezintambo ezinamandla amakhulu ngokusebenzisa isibani kuya kumantongomane oxhumana naye. Ikhanda lokuxhumana litholakala ngaphakathi kwe-insulator ye-ceramic. Ngayo, i-high voltage pulse yamanje ingena ku-sealant exhuma ikhanda lokuxhumana ne-electrode. Lesi yisikhathi samanje esinezindleko ezinhle.

Onke ama-spark plugs afakwe umzimba wesiketi onentambo. Iqinisa ngokuqinile idivaysi ku-spark plug kahle yenjini. Engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba kukhona ithenda yensimbi - i-electrode eseceleni. Le nto igobile iqonde ku-electrode emaphakathi, kepha ayixhumi. Kukhona ibanga elithile phakathi kwabo.

Inani elibucayi lamanje liqoqa engxenyeni emaphakathi. Ngenxa yokuthi womabili ama-electrode ahlukanisiwe futhi anenkomba ephezulu yokuqhuba, kuvela inhlansi phakathi kwabo. Amandla okukhipha athinteka ukumelana onazo zombili izakhi - okuncane okukhona, ngcono ugongolo.

Ubukhulu be-electrode emaphakathi bube bukhulu, umongo we-plasma uzoba mncane. Ngalesi sizathu, akusetshenziswa insimbi emsulwa, kepha i-iridium, ngokunembile, ingxubevange yayo. Izinto zinokusebenza okuphezulu kagesi futhi azithonyi kangako ekumuncweni kwamandla ashisayo akhishwe ngenkathi kwakhiwa ugongolo lokukhipha ugesi.

Inhlansi kagesi ayihlakazekile kuyo yonke indawo ye-electrode emaphakathi; ngakho-ke, ipulagi elinjalo linikeza ikamelo lomlilo nge-"fat" discharge. Lokhu-ke kuthuthukisa ukuthungela kwenhlanganisela ebandayo yomoya nophethiloli (noma igesi, enezinga lokushisa elingaba ngu -40 Celsius ku-cylinder).

Inqubo Yokugcinwa Kwekhandlela le-Iridium

Ipulagi ye-iridium-core ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ezinjini eziningi, lezi zinguquko zihamba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-160. Ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, abakhiqizi bancoma ukushintsha amakhandlela hhayi lapho ehluleka, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile - ezimweni eziningi kaningi kaningi kunangemva kwezinkulungwane eziyi-000.

Yize ukufakwa kwekhabhoni kungakheki kangako kumamodeli we-iridium, ngenxa yezinga eliphansi likaphethiloli kanye nenjini ebandayo njalo, leli qweqwe lisavela. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kunconywa ukuthi ufake uphethiloli emotweni yakho eziteshini zikagesi ezifakazelwe futhi unciphise ukuhamba ibanga elifushane.

Izinzuzo zamakhandlela e-iridium

Izinzuzo lolu hlobo lwezinto zohlelo lokuthungela ezinazo zifaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Injini iba ngcono. Le nkomba inikezwa ngenxa yendawo encane yokuxhumana kuma-electrode. Inqubo yokuqala iyunithi yamandla ishesha ngokushesha ngenxa yesigxobo sikagesi esigxilile, sokwakhiwa kwamandla kagesi amancane;
• Ukuqiniswa komsebenzi ungenzi lutho. Lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya ongena emotweni lilibi, kudingeka inhlansi engcono. Njengoba ipulagi ye-iridium idinga ugesi omncane futhi idale inhlansi engcono, ngisho nemoto engashiswanga izosimama ngejubane eliphansi;
• Kwamanye amayunithi, ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwe-plug kuholele ekwehlisweni kwe-mileage yegesi efinyelela kumaphesenti angaba ngu-7. Ngenxa yokushisa okungcono kwe-BTC, isha ngokusezingeni eliphakeme futhi amagesi angenabungozi amancane angena ohlelweni lokukhipha;
• Ukushiswa kwemoto kudinga ukugcinwa okujwayelekile. Endabeni yokusebenzisa amakhandlela okuxoxwe ngawo, ukugcinwa kwenziwa ngemuva kwesikhathi eside. Ngokuya ngemodeli yenjini, umsebenzi wamakhandlela kungenzeka ebangeni eliphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-120 nezingama-160;
• Izici ze-iridium zinikeza i-electrode ukumelana okukhulu nokuncibilika, okuvumela i-spark plug ukuthi imelane namazinga okushisa aphezulu enjinini ekhulisiwe;
• Ngaphansi kokutholwa ukugqwala;
• Isiqinisekiso senhlansi ezinzile ngaphansi kwanoma iziphi izimo zokusebenza kwemoto.

Ngabe kukhona ukungalungi kulolu hlobo lwe-spark plug?

Ngokwemvelo, i-SZ ene-iridium electrode nayo inenkinga. Ukunemba kakhudlwana, kuneziningi zazo:

• Kuyabiza. Noma kukhona "inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili". Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bahloniphekile, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi banensiza eyengeziwe. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesethi eyodwa, umshayeli uzoba nesikhathi sokushintsha ama-analogue wesabelomali amaningana;
• Abanikazi abaningi bezimoto asebekhulile baba nesipiliyoni esibuhlungu ngala ma-SZ. Kodwa-ke, inkinga ayisekho kulezi ezisetshenziswayo, kepha ngoba zenzelwe ikakhulukazi amayunithi wamandla wamanje. Imoto enevolumu efinyelela ku-2,5 litre ngeke iwuzwe umehluko ngokufaka i-SZ engajwayelekile.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukufakwa kwezinto ezinjalo kuzobonakala kuma-motors asebenza kangcono. Zisetshenziswa, isibonelo, ezimjahweni zezimoto: emihlanganweni, ukukhukhuleka noma ezinye izinhlobo zomncintiswano.

Uma imoto indala ngenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ehamba kancane, khona-ke kuzoba namakhandlela ajwayelekile angaphezu kwenele. Into esemqoka ukuwashintsha ngesikhathi ukuze ikhoyili yokuthungela ingalayishi ngokweqile ngenxa yokwakheka kwamakhabhoni (lapho kwenziwa lokhu, kuyatshelwa lapha).

Umehluko phakathi kwe-iridium spark plugs nama-spark plugs ajwayelekile

Nayi itafula elincane lokuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-iridium ne-classic SZ:

Uhlobo lwekhandlela:	Плюсы	Минусы
Okujwayelekile	Izindleko eziphansi Zingasetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi iyunithi kaphethiloli; Ayifuni kakhulu ikhwalithi kaphethiloli	Isisetshenziswa esincane ngenxa yekhwalithi yempahla ye-electrode; Ukuqala okubandayo kwemoto akuhlali njalo kuzinzile ngenxa yokusabalalisa okukhulu kogongolo; Idiphozi yekhabhoni ithola ngokushesha (inani layo lixhomeke ekutheni uhlelo lokucekela luhlelwe kanjani); Ukuze kube nokushisa okuphumelelayo kwengxube, kudingeka i-voltage ephezulu
Kudwetshwe nge-iridium	Impilo yokusebenza eyandiswe ngokuphawulekayo; Ugongolo oluningi oluhlangene futhi olunamandla ngenxa yezici zokwakheka kwengxenye; Kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwenjini; Kwezinye izimo, kukhona ukwanda kokusebenza kweyunithi ngenxa yokushisa okungcono kwe-VTS; Kwesinye isikhathi kuholela ekwandeni kokusebenza kahle kwemoto	Intengo ephezulu; Ihambisana nekhwalithi kaphethiloli; Uma ifakwa kuyunithi yokuhambisa okuncane, akukho ukuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kwayo; Ngenxa yokuthi ushintsho olungasetshenziswa kaningi, izinhlayiya eziningi zangaphandle (idiphozi yedizili) zinganqwabelana enjinini

Izindleko ze-Iridium spark plugs

Njengoba sesitholile, uma kuqhathaniswa namakhandlela akudala, i-iridium analogue kwesinye isikhathi ibiza kathathu ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma sibaqhathanisa nozakwethu we-platinum, khona-ke bahlala eniche yezimpahla engxenyeni yamanani aphakathi.

Leli banga lentengo alisahlobene nekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle komkhiqizo, kodwa kunalokho ukuthandwa kwalo. Intshisekelo yamakhandlela e-iridium yenziwa ukubuyekezwa kwabagijimi abangochwepheshe, abavame ukuzwa umehluko ekusetshenzisweni kwalezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo.

Njengoba sesivele sikujwayele, intengo ayenziwa ngekhwalithi, kodwa ngokufunwa. Lapho nje abantu sebeshintshela enyameni eshibhile, leyo ebizayo ivele yehle ngentengo, bese inqubo ihlehla ngenketho yesabelomali.

Yize i-iridium iyinsimbi engajwayelekile (uma iqhathaniswa negolide noma i-platinum), phakathi kwezingxenye zezimoto, amakhandlela anama-electrode ahlanganiswe nale nsimbi ajwayelekile. Kepha inani labo libangelwa ukuthandwa komkhiqizo, ngoba inani elincane lale nto lisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwengxenye ethile. Ngaphezu koku-soldering ekugcineni kwama-electrode, lokhu ikakhulukazi i-plug plug evamile.

Impilo yesevisi yama-plugs we-iridium

Uma siqhathanisa amakhandlela e-iridium nozakwabo ojwayelekile we-nickel, khona-ke banakekela cishe isikhathi esiphindwe kane. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindleko zabo zikhokhwa ngokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. I-Standard SZ, ngokusho kwezincomo ze-automaker, kufanele ithathelwe indawo ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45. amamayela. Ngokuqondene nokuguqulwa kwe-iridium, ngokusho komkhiqizi, bangaphansi kokuhlelwa okuhleliwe ngemuva kuka-60 000. Kodwa-ke, ulwazi lwabashayeli abaningi lufakazela ukuthi bayakwazi ukushiya kufika ku-200.

Ungeqi imithethonqubo enconyiwe yomkhiqizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela i-torque yokuqinisa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma kungenjalo, ngeke kube nomphumela kula makhandlela, futhi ngeke akwazi ukuthola insiza edingekayo.

NGK Iridium Spark Imigudu

Ama-plugs we-NGK iridium cored abhekwa njengenketho enhle kakhulu, ngoba isici sayo sizinzile futhi sisezingeni eliphakeme. Isizathu ukuthi i-iridium yehlukile kwi-nickel ngamandla amakhulu nokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Iphuzu lokuncibilika kwalo lingama - + 2450 degrees.

Ngaphezu kwephuzu le-iridium, ikhandlela elinjalo linepuleti le-platinum. Ngenxa yayo, noma ngamandla amakhulu, ipulagi igcina ukuzinza kwayo. Futhi ngenhlansi esezingeni eliphakeme, kudla amandla amancane kakhulu. Esinye isici se-SZ enjalo ukuthi ukukhishwa kwakhiwa ngisho naphakathi kwe-insulator ne-electrode emaphakathi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi idivaysi isuliwe umule, futhi inhlansi ikhiqizwa ngokungaguquguquki. Ngenxa yalokhu, banensiza enkulu yokusebenza.

Ama-plugs amahle kakhulu we-Iridium Spark

Uma umshayeli wemoto ekhetha amakhandlela athembekile angahlinzeka ngenhlansi ezinzile isikhathi eside, khona-ke abaningi batusa ukukhetha amakhandlela e-iridium. Isibonelo, inketho enhle evela kulesi sigaba yenziwa yi-NGK.

Kepha lolu hlu lubandakanya okuhlukile kwe-Iridium Denzo. Kodwa le modeli inezinguquko ezimbalwa:

• TT - nge-spike ephindwe kabili (i-TwinTip);
• SIP - ukuhlinzeka super ukuthungela;
• Amandla - amandla akhuphukile nabanye.

Iridium noma ejwayelekile - okungcono

Yize ukuqina kwamakhandlela e-iridium, akubona bonke abashayeli bezimoto abakulungele ukukhokha cishe ama- $ 40 ngesethi yamakhandlela, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kungcono ukuthenga i-SZ ejwayelekile. Vele, imfihlo yama-iridium analogs ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi umphumela wokutshalwa kwemali okubiza kangaka uzozwakala ngokuzayo kuphela.

Uma siqhathanisa lokhu kulungiswa okubili kwe-SZ, lapho kuguga, ukukhula kokuminza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kukhula. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokusebenza, ngenxa yokufakwa kwemali ekhabhoni ku-electrode emaphakathi, ikhandlela lishisa kancane kancane ingxube kaphethiloli womoya ngokungasebenzi kahle. Le nqubo iyenzeka, kokukodwa nakwezinye izimo. Umehluko kuphela usesikhathini lapho ukusebenza kwamakhandlela kuzokwehla ngokusobala. Kuma-plugs ajwayelekile, le parameter ayangeqi emahoreni angama-250, kepha ozakwabo be-iridium basebenze amahora angaphezu kwama-360, futhi abalahlekelwanga ukusebenza kwabo, okucishe kube yizinkulungwane ezingama-35. amakhilomitha.

Lapho kuguga, i-SZ ejwayelekile inciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Isibonelo, ngemuva kwamahora wokusebenza angama-180, inkomba yobuthi begesi yokukhipha inyuke futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti amane. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-60 nje kuphela, lesi sibalo bese sikhuphukile ngamanye amaphesenti ayi-9 kanti izinga le-CO lenyukele kuma-32%. Ngalesi sikhathi, uphenyo lwe-lambda lwalungasakwazi ukulungisa inqubo yokwakheka kwengxube enjinini. Imishini yokuxilonga kulesi sigaba ibhale ukukhathala komthombo wamakhandlela ajwayelekile.

Ngokuqondene ne-iridium SZ, isinali lokuqala lokuguga kwabo livele kuphela lapho kusondela uphawu lwamahora angama-300. Esigabeni sokuphothula ukuxilongwa (amahora angama-360), ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli cishe kwakungamaphesenti amathathu. Amazinga e-CO ne-CH ayeke cishe amaphesenti ayi-15.

Ngenxa yalokho, uma imoto ingeyesimanje futhi ihamba amabanga amade, kunengqondo ukuthenga i-iridium SZ ncamashi. Kulesi simo kuphela lapho bezokhokha khona. Kepha uma imoto indala, futhi isilinganiso semayela sonyaka singeqi amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu, khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kwamakhandlela e-iridium kuzobe kungenasisekelo kwezomnotho.

Nayi ividiyo emfushane ngobubi obukhulu bezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-iridium:

Amakhandlela e-Iridium noma cha?

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Impilo yesevisi yama-plugs we-iridium. Amakhandlela e-Iridium, uma kuqhathaniswa namakhandlela we-nickel, athatha i-oda eliphindwe kathathu noma kane ubude. Uma u-automaker ancoma ukushintsha amakhandlela ajwayelekile ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45. Ngokuqondene ne-iridium NWs, kunezimo lapho behamba ngokuthula cishe ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-160, kanti kwezinye izimoto bahlala amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200.

Mangaki amakhandlela kagesi e-iridium ahambayo. Njengoba igesi yemvelo ecindezelweyo ivumela ukushisa kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme i-HTS, lezi zimo zifaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe kuma-spark plugs. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini zikaphethiloli, ama-spark plugs awanakekeli kancane lapho esebenzisa amanye amandla okubasa. Vele, lo mehluko uncike ohlotsheni lweyunithi yamandla, izimo zokusebenza kwayo nezinye izinto. Ukushisa ingxube yomoya nophethiloli, kudingeka amandla kagesi ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15 kV. Kepha njengoba igesi egxishiwe inezinga lokushisa elibi, kuthatha kusuka ku-25 kuye ku-30 ​​kV ukushisa. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuqala okubandayo kwenjini kugesi ehlobo kulula kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqala kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi evuthayo (kukhona igesi efudumele kwisinciphisi segesi). Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, amakhandlela e-iridium ayanakekela inqobo nje uma umakhi ecacisa. Kepha lokhu ngaso sonke isikhathi kuncike kukhwalithi kaphethiloli lapho injini ishiswa khona, kanye negesi uqobo.

Ungahlola kanjani amakhandlela e-iridium. Ukuhlola amakhandlela e-iridium akufani nokuhlonza impilo yezici ezifanayo zolunye uhlobo. Okokuqala, ikhandlela alikhishwa (ukuze ukungcola okuvela ngaphansi kwekhandlela kungangeni emthonjeni, ungashaya imbobo nge-compressor ngenkathi ikhandlela lingavulwanga ngokuphelele). Imali eningi yekhabhoni, ukuncibilika kwama-electrode, ukubhujiswa kwengxenye yekhandlela lekhandlela (imifantu) - konke lokhu kuyizimpawu ezibonakalayo zamakhandlela anephutha, futhi ikhithi kufanele ishintshwe entsha.