Ukufakwa kwe-Chrome kwezingxenye zemoto ekhaya (ubuchwepheshe + ividiyo)

Cishe bonke abashayeli bezimoto babuza umbuzo wokushintsha ukubukeka kwemoto yakhe. Abanye benza ukushuna okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokufaka emotweni ama-decoctions noma wenze ezokuthutha zakho ngesitayela ama-stents... Abanye balandela indlela yokuphikiswa okungatheni - bahlobise imoto ngezitikha eziningi (kuxoxwa ngamabhomu esitikha ngokwehlukana).

Ake sikhulume ngelinye ithuba lokushintsha isitayela semoto yakho, kepha le ndlela idla isikhathi esiningi futhi iyinkimbinkimbi. Lesi yisigaxa se-chrome sezinto zensimbi emotweni.

Yini ukufakwa kwe-chrome?

Ukuphela kwe-chrome okucwebezelayo kuhlala kudonsa ukunaka kwabadlulayo. Ngisho nemoto ye-nondescript, ngemuva kokuhlobiswa ngengxenye yesiliva, ithatha umklamo wokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwezinto ezinjalo, ungagcizelela ubukhulu bomzimba, futhi ubavikele emiphumeleni enolaka yomswakama.

Kepha ngaphandle komqondo wokuklama, ukufakwa kwe-chrome nakho kunehlangothini elisebenzisekayo. Ingxenye ephathwa ngento ekhethekile ithola ungqimba oluqinile oluvikelayo oluvimbela ukwakheka kokugqwala. Ubuso be-chrome kulula ukuyilungisa, njengoba kuvela ukuthi iyacwebezela, futhi umphumela wesibuko uzokhombisa ngokushesha lapho ukungcola kudinga ukususwa khona.

Kuzo zonke izimoto ungathola okungenani ucezu olulodwa, olusetshenzwe ngale ndlela. Kodwa-ke, abanye abashayeli bafuna ukuziveza, futhi abaneliseki ngokulungiswa kwefekthri kwezimoto zabo. Kwezinye izimo, ukumbozwa kusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezilinyazwe ukugqwala, kepha ngokomthetho zisengasetshenziswa ezimotweni. Ngemuva kokucubungula, ingxenye enjalo yokuphumula iba njengokusha.

Ngaphambi kokucubungula yonke ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula, kufanelekile ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi le yinqubo ekhandlayo futhi eyingozi kakhulu. Insimbi iphathwa ngama-chromium ions. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali anobungozi empilweni, njenge-asidi. Ukufakwa kwe-Chrome kuhambisana nomphumela kagesi ebusweni ozolashwa, ngakho-ke abantu abaningi bakhetha ukwenza lo msebenzi wenziwe ngochwepheshe (ngokwesibonelo, uma kukhona isitshalo esiseduze nesitolo se-electroplating). Kepha kubathandi bomsebenzi wezandla, sizocubungula yonke inqubo ngezigaba.

Izisetshenziswa ze-DIY nezinto zokwakha ze-chrome

Nakhu okudingayo ukulungiselela inqubo ezophumelela:

• Isitoreji. Ayikwazi ukuba yinsimbi, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi isitsha sikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Usayizi kufanele uhambisane nobukhulu bento yokusebenza. Ezitolo ezisebenzisa ugesi emafemini abakhiqizi bezimoto, okokusebenza kwehliselwa emabhavini amakhulu ngesisombululo esikhethekile esiqukethe ama-electrode axhunywe kwinethiwekhi kagesi. Ekhaya, kunzima ukuphinda ukucubungula okunjalo, ngakho-ke imvamisa lezi iziqukathi ezincane lapho kucutshungulwa izingxenye ezinkulu.
• Idivayisi ekuvumela ukuthi ushise i-electrolyte. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele ihlaselwe yi-asidi.
• I-thermometer enesilinganiso okungenani esingu-100 degrees.
• Isilungisi se-12-volt esikwazi ukuletha ama-50 A.
• Isakhiwo okuzomiswa kuso ingxenye leyo. Into akufanele ilale phansi kwesitsha, ngoba lapho kuthintwa khona ngeke icubungulwe ngokwanele - ngakho-ke ungqimba aluzukulingana.
• I-cathode (kulokhu, kuzoba yinto yokusebenza) kanye ne-anode lapho izintambo zizoxhunywa khona.

Lokhu kungabukeka kanjani ukufakwa kwe-galvanic yasekhaya cishe

Idizayini yesakhiwo sokutshala seChromium

Nakhu ukuthi wenziwa kanjani umshini wokufaka i-chrome:

• Isitsha okuzokwenziwa kuso ukucubungula (ngokwesibonelo, imbiza yengilazi engamalitha amathathu) sifakwa esitsheni esingamelana ne-asidi.
• Ibhokisi leplywood - sizobeka lonke ithangi kulo. Kubalulekile ukuthi leli bhokisi likhulu kunomthamo, ukuze kuthululwe isihlabathi, uboya bengilazi noma uvolo wamaminerali phakathi kwezindonga zawo. Lokhu kuzodala umphumela we-thermos, ozohlinzeka ngokuphendula okungcono, futhi i-electrolyte ngeke ipholile ngokushesha.
• Into yokushisa ingasetshenziswa njenge-heater.
• I-thermometer yokugcina ukushisa kokuphendula.
• Iziqukathi kufanele zivalwe ngci. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinkuni noma i-plywood engamelana nomswakama (ukuze ungakhubazeki ngesikhathi sokucubungula).
• Isiqeshana se-alligator noma isiqeshana sixhunywe esigungwini esibi sokuphakelwa kwamandla (lokhu kuzoba yi-cathode). I-anode (induku yokuhola exhunywe esigungwini esihle samandla kagesi) izocwiliswa kusisombululo se-electrolyte.
• Uphiko lokumiswa lungenziwa ngokuya ngomsebenzi ozimele. Into esemqoka ukuthi ingxenye ayilali phansi kwethini (noma esinye isitsha esifanele), kepha ihlala ixhumana nesixazululo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Izidingo zokuphakelwa kukagesi

Ngokuphathelene nokunikezwa kwamandla, kufanele inikeze okuqhubekayo njengamanje. Kuwo, amandla okukhipha kufanele alawulwe. Isixazululo esilula kunazo zonke kungaba yi-rheostat ejwayelekile, ngosizo lwaleli nani elizoshintsha.

Izintambo ezizosetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo kumele zimelane nomthwalo omkhulu ongu-50A. Lokhu kuzodinga ukuguqulwa okungu-2x2,5 (ama-cores amabili anesigaba esifanele).

Ukwakheka kwe-electrolyte nemithetho yokulungiswa kwayo

Ingxenye eyinhloko ezovumela ukugoqeleka kwe-chrome kwemikhiqizo i-electrolyte. Akunakwenzeka ukuqedela inqubo ngaphandle kwayo. Ukuze into yensimbi ithole ukubukeka okufanele, isixazululo kufanele sibe nokwakheka okulandelayo:

• I-Chromium anhydride CrO₃ - 250 amagremu;
• I-Sulfuric acid (kufanele ibe nobuningi obungu-1,84) H₂SO₄ - 2,5 amagremu.

Lezi zingxenye zixutshiwe ngobuningi belitha elilodwa lamanzi acolisisiwe. Uma ivolumu yesixazululo idinga ukwandiswa, khona-ke ivolumu yazo zonke izinto iyanda ngokuya ngamanani ashiwo.

Zonke lezi zinto kufanele zixutshwe kahle. Le ndlela kufanele yenziwe kanjani:

1. Amanzi ashisa aze afike ku-60 degrees Celsius;
2. Kungcono ukulungisa i-electrolyte ngokushesha esitsheni lapho sizocubungula khona ingxenye. Igcwele isigamu sevolumu edingekayo ye-distillate;
3. Thela i-chromium anhydride emanzini ashisayo ugovuze kahle ukuze ichithe ngokuphelele;
4. Faka umthamo wamanzi olahlekile, uhlanganise kahle;
5. Thela inani elidingekayo le-sulfuric acid kusixazululo (engeza into ngokucophelela, emfudlaneni omncane);
6. Ukuze i-electrolyte ibe nokuvumelana okulungile, kufanele icutshungulwe kusetshenziswa ugesi;
7. Beka i-cathode ne-anode kusixazululo esivelisayo kude kude komunye nomunye. Sidlulisa amandla kagesi kulolo ketshezi. Amandla kagesi anqunywa ngesilinganiso esingu-6,5A / 1L. Isixazululo. Yonke inqubo kufanele ihlale amahora amathathu nesigamu. I-electrolyte kufanele ibe nsundu ngombala ekuphumeni;
8. Vumela i-electrolyte ipholile futhi izinze. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukubeka isitsha egumbini elipholile (isibonelo, egalaji) usuku.

Izindlela eziyisisekelo zokufakwa kwe-chrome

Ukunikeza umkhiqizo ukuphela kwawo kwesiliva, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezine zokugoqelwa kwe-chrome:

1. I-surface metallization inqubo efana nokudweba. Lokhu kuzodinga isethi efanele yama-reagents, kanye ne-nebulizer enikwe amandla yi-compressor. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungqimba oluncane lwensimbi lufakwa ebusweni bomkhiqizo.
2. Ingxenye ye-galvanization inqubo lapho ama-molecule e-chromium efakwa khona ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Okucacile kwale nqubo ukuthi kufanelekile hhayi kuphela izingxenye ezenziwe ngensimbi yensimbi, insimbi, ithusi noma ithusi. Ingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula ipulasitiki nezinkuni. Njengoba kunikezwe lokhu kusebenza okuhlukahlukene, le ndlela ibiza kakhulu futhi idla isikhathi. Ayifanele ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, ngoba izinqubo eziningi ngesikhathi sokucubungula imikhiqizo kufanele zilawulwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Isibonelo, udinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile kumbuso wezinga lokushisa (cishe amahora angama-8), noma ulawule ukugxila kwesisombululo se-saline. Lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza ngaphandle kwemishini eyinkimbinkimbi.
3. Ukufafaza ekamelweni lokuhlanza;
4. Ukwehliswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu.

Inqubo yokuqala ilula. Ngokuqaliswa kwayo, kunamakhithi e-reagent enziwe ngomumo anemiyalo enemininingwane yokuxubana. Zenziwe, isibonelo, yiFusion Technologies. Amakhithi anjalo awadingi ukufakwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-galvanic, futhi isixazululo singasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezakhiwe nganoma yiziphi izinto, kufaka phakathi ingilazi nobumba.

Izindlela ezimbili zokugcina zingenziwa kuphela efektri. I-Electroplating nayo isetshenziswa kakhulu emafemini, kepha abanye bayakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezidingekayo zokuphendula okufanele ezimweni zegaraji. Kufanelekile ukucubungula izingxenye ezincane.

Ngokuqondene nendlela ecatshangelwe, esetshenziselwa i-electrolyte eshiwo ngenhla, umphumela wayo uzobonwa kuphela esimweni sezingxenye zethusi, zethusi noma ze-nickel. Uma kunesidingo sokucubungula imikhiqizo ejwayelekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-chrome, kusetshenziswa ungqimba kubo ngokuxubha kwamamolekyu ezinsimbi ezihambisanayo ezingekho zensimbi.

Ungalungisa kanjani ucezu lomsebenzi

Ukusebenza kwenqubo yokufaka i-chrome kuncike ekutheni i-elementi ilungiswa kanjani. Ukugqwala kufanele kususwe ngokuphelele kuwo, futhi ingaphezulu lawo kufanele libushelelezi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungadinga isihlabathi.

Ngemuva kokukhipha upende wakudala, ukungcola nokugqwala, indawo ezolashwa kumele yehliswe. Lokhu futhi kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwesixazululo esikhethekile. Ngelitha elilodwa lamanzi, thatha amagremu ayi-150 e-sodium hydroxide, amagremu amahlanu e-silicate glue no-50 gramu wesoda ash. Yonke le ngxube kumele ixutshwe kahle.

Okulandelayo, uketshezi olulungisiwe kufanele lufudunyezwe cishe lubilise (cishe ama-degree angama-90). Sibeka umkhiqizo endaweni eshisayo (ungasebenzisi isixazululo, kepha sebenzisa ukucwiliswa okugcwele kwengxenye) imizuzu engama-20. Endabeni yenqwaba yokugoba, lapho izinsalela zenhlabathi zingasuswanga ngokuphelele, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli imizuzu engama-60.

Imithetho yezokuphepha

Ngaphezu kwamathuluzi ayisisekelo nezakhi, umuntu owenza lo msebenzi kumele aqinisekise ukuthi kungena umoya omuhle egumbini ukuze angatholi ukulimala kwamakhemikhali epheshaneni lokuphefumula. Kungaba ngcono ukuthi kufakwe i-hood ngenhla kwethangi.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukunakekela okokuphepha komuntu siqu - umshini wokuphefumula, izingilazi namagilavu. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, kuzosala uketshezi olune-asidi olungeke luthelwe esitamkokweni esikhulu noma emhlabathini. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ungalahla kanjani udoti ngokuphepha ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-chrome.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele unakekele ukuthi amanzi azosuswa kuphi, azosetshenziselwa ukugeza izingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe.

Ukuhleleka komsebenzi

Uma umkhiqizo ufakwe i-chrome, lapho kusetshenziswa ungqimba omncane wensimbi engafaki, ngaphambi kokuqalisa inqubo enkulu, indawo yokuxhumana kufanele yenziwe isebenze. Ukuze wenze lokhu, into engenamafutha izodinga ukufakwa esitsheni nesisombululo se-hydrochloric acid emanzini acwecwe (ngesilinganiso esingu-100 amagremu ilitha ngalinye) imizuzu engu-5-20. Isikhathi sincike ohlotsheni lomkhiqizo kanye nezici zokuma kwawo.

Uma ilingana futhi ibushelelezi, khona-ke isikhathi esincane sanele. Endabeni yengxenye yesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kufanelekile ukusibamba isikhashana, kepha singadluli isikhathi esibekiwe, ukuze i-asidi ingaqali ukonakalisa insimbi. Ngemuva kokucubungula, ingxenye igezwa ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile.

Okulandelayo, sishisa i-electrolyte ekushiseni okungu -45^оC. Into ezofakwa nge-chrome imisiwe ethangini futhi ucingo olubi luxhunywe kuyo. Eduze kune-anode yokuhola enikwe amandla kusuka esigungwini se - "+".

Amandla amanje asethwe ku-rheostat ngezinga lama-Amperes ayi-15 kuye kwangama-25 nge-decimeter yesikwele engaphezulu. Ingxenye igcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo imizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengama-40. ngemuva kokucubungula, sikhipha ingxenye eseceleni ethangini bese siyayigeza ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile. Ngemuva kokuthi ingxenye yomile, ingapholishwa nge-microfiber ukuyinika ukubukeka okucwebezelayo.

Ukukhubazeka okukhulu nokususwa kwesilayidi se-chrome esezingeni eliphansi

Kaningi kunalokho, usokhemisi osemusha ngeke awuthole umphumela owufunayo okokuqala. Lokhu akufanele kusabise, ngoba kuthatha isipiliyoni nokunemba ukwenza inqubo ngendlela efanele. Inqubo elungile idinga ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kwama-degreasers kanye namakhithi amakhemikhali, okufanele ahlanganiswe ngokwemiyalo yomkhiqizi.

Uma umphumela owufunayo ungatholakali, ungqimba olonakele lungasuswa kusixazululo esimanzi samanzi ne-hydrochloric acid. Uketshezi kulungiswa ngesilinganiso esilandelayo: ama-gramu angu-200 e-asidi anyakaziswa kwilitha le-distillate. Ngemuva kokucubungula, i-element igezwa kahle.

Nanka amaphutha ajwayelekile nezimbangela zawo:

• Ifilimu iyaxebuka. Isizathu asanele ngokwanele, yingakho ama-chromium molecule engaguquki kahle ebusweni. Kulokhu, isendlalelo siyasuswa, sehliswe ngokuphelele, futhi inqubo ye-galvanic iyaphindwa.
• Ukukhula okungokwemvelo kuvele emaphethelweni engxenye. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke imiphetho ebukhali kufanele ibushelelezi ukuze ibe yindilinga ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, khona-ke isikrini esibonisa kufanele sibekwe endaweni enenkinga ukuze inani elikhulu lamanje lingagxili kuleyo ngxenye yomhlaba.
• Imininingwane iyi-matte. Ukwandisa i-gloss, i-electrolyte kufanele ishiswe kakhulu noma okuqukethwe kwe-chromium ekugxileni kufanele kukhuliswe (engeza i-chromium anhydride powder kusixazululo). Ngemuva kokucubungula, ingxenye kufanele ipholishwe ukuze ifinyelele umphumela omkhulu.

Nayi ividiyo emfushane yokuthi ungayenza kanjani i-chromium plating yakho ngokufaka i-electroplating ekhaya:

I-electroplating yangempela yeFunChrome. Ukwakhiwa kwe-nickel yasekhaya nokufakwa kwe-chrome.