abasebenzi basezimayini abangaboshiwe
Umkhumbi wezimpahla e-Hel. Isithombe ngu-J. Ukleevski
Eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe Enkulu, ukuthuthukiswa kweNavy kwakuyinqubo ehamba kancane kakhulu. Imikhumbi yayiyi-hodgepodge yezinsalela zemikhumbi yangaphambi kwempi, izinsalela zaseMelika, umusa weziphathimandla zaseSoviet nalokho okwatholakala emachwebeni ngemva kokukhululwa kwesifunda sasoGwini. Abazongenela inkonzo yezempi nabo baseshwa begqoke izingubo ezingavamile. Le ngoma yalandelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, lapho kubhekwa ukwakhiwa kwezifakeli ezinkulu, imiz.
Ezimfuneko ezamukelwe zokuvikela ugu lolwandle lwasePoland ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-40s kanye nama-50s, kwanqunywa ukuthi amaqhinga azosekelwe ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zezikhali kanye nezindawo zasezimayini, i.e. izimayini zamabhethri ezikhali zasogwini, avikelwe ngomlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emabhishi, ama-brigade amathathu e-Antiamphibious, angcwatshwe ezindaweni ezinezivikelo eziqinile ze-battalion kanye nenkampani, kwakudingeka alwe nokufika kwesitha okulindelekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iPoland yayiphoqelekile ukususa indawo yamanzi endaweni yayo yomthwalo wemfanelo ezimayini ezabekwa phakathi nempi, futhi kwakudingeka igcine indawo enkulu, ngenxa yezimo zangaleso sikhathi, i-minesweeper flotilla, ngakolunye. isandla, ngenkathi uhlela izenzo uma kwenzeka impi, yayibheka izingxenye, lapho, uma kunesidingo, kuzodingeka, ezikwazi ukuletha inani elikhulu lezimayini ezintsha.
Ukubheka amakhono
Ngo-16-1946, abavukuzi bezimayini be-1948 bavela emkhunjini. Ngo-1950, bangu-12 kuphela kubo abasala emisebenzini yezemayini, oku-3 kubo kwakungabasebenzi basezimayini abakhulu bohlobo lwe-BIMS lokwakhiwa kwaseMelika kanye nabavukuzi abangu-9 baseSoviet abangama-253L bomklamo weSoviet. Ngokulandelayo, babengekho abavukuzi bangempela, futhi amathuba okubathola ngokushesha ayemancane. Yiqiniso, umbhubhisi i-ORP Błyskawica wayenezingoma zemayini emkhunjini, kanye nabasebenzi bamabhomu bangaphambi kwempi nabashaneli bamabhomu abakhiwe ngamaSoviet, ngisho nemikhumbi-ngwenya emibili yayikwazi ukubeka izimayini, kodwa kwakungekona lokho ababeyikho abenzi bezinqumo ababegqoke iyunifomu yasolwandle. mayelana.
Olunye udaba okufanele lucatshangelwe ukuthi ingabe izingxenye zalesi sigaba zazidingeka yini eMbuthweni Wezempi Wasolwandle ngezikhathi zokuthula noma uma kunempi kuphela. Azikho izinhlelo zentuthuko ezalungiswa ngeminyaka yawo-40 kanye nawo-50 ngesikhathi sika-"P" esihlinzekelwe ukuqaliswa kwabavukuzi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, engxenyeni yokuqala ye-50s, amaphrojekthi wempahla yemikhumbi enjalo ayebhekwa kaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana nemikhumbi yemikhumbi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi umsebenzi kulabo abavunyelwe ekugcineni wawuzoqala ngaphambi kuka-1954, kodwa ngokuvamile wawuphela esigabeni sokulungiselela imidwebo yobuchwepheshe nezincazelo.
Kwakungenakwenzeka ukwakha imikhumbi yaleli klasi kusukela ekuqaleni, ngakho kwadingeka ngibheke esinye isisombululo. Yebo, into elula kakhulu ongayenza kwakuwukwakha kabusha umkhumbi wabathengisi olungile, njengoba amanye amasosha emikhumbi yempi ayevame ukwenza. Ukuthungathwa kwabazongenela ukhetho kwaqala ngo-1951 futhi kwakuwumkhankaso obanzi owawuhloselwe ukufinyeza indlela yokuthola imikhumbi yamakilasi amaningi, isibonelo, amayunithi e-hydrographic kanye nezokuhlenga, iziteshi zokuqeda amandla noma imikhumbi yomama. Endabeni yamaqhawe alesi sihloko, kubalwe ukuthi amayunithi anokususwa kwamathani angaphezu kuka-2500, akwazi ukuphenduka ngokushesha cishe ngemizuzu eyi-150-200 ngesikhathi, azodingeka. Lapho ukubalwa kwemikhumbi yabathengisi sekulungile ngo-June 1951, abantu ababezongenela indima entsha batholakala ngisho noma kwakungase kube nokungqubuzana kwezikhali. Izikebhe ze-Oksywie ezinomthamo olinganiselwe wemizuzu engu-150-200, i-Hel ne-Puck (imizuzu engu-200-250 ngayinye) kanye ne-Lublin (imizuzu engu-300-400) zikhethwe njengezifanele kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwamapeni ezimayini.
Uhlu olulungisiwe kwaba ukuqala kokucabanga ngesidingo sokuba nabavukuzi. Umbuzo kuphela ngesikhathi "Z" noma futhi ngesikhathi sokuthula? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ayicacile, nakuba izinyathelo zakamuva zenhlangano azizange zisho ubunikazi obuhlala njalo bemikhumbi yalesi sigaba. Uhlu olungenhla lwemikhumbi kusukela ngoJuni 1951 alukhohliwe. Waqala ingxoxo mayelana nokuthathwa okungenzeka kwemikhumbi ethile, izikebhe kanye nesitokwe esisizayo sezidingo zeNavy.
