Izimoto ezihlanganisiwe: okuhle nokubi
Izithuthi zomgwaqo ziwumthombo onamandla wokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Iqiniso alidingi ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe, kwanele ukuqhathanisa isimo somkhathi edolobheni elikhulu elinomoya emaphandleni - umehluko usobala. Kodwa-ke, izivakashi eziningi ezivakashele amazwe aseYurophu, i-USA noma iJapane ziyazi ukuthi ukungcoliswa kwegesi akunamandla kangako, futhi kunencazelo elula yalokhu:
- izindinganiso eziqinile zokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emkhathini - namuhla izinga le-Euro-6 selivele lamukelwa, kuyilapho eRussia izinjini ezenziwe ekhaya, i-YaMZ efanayo, i-ZMZ ne-UMP, zihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-Euro-2, Euro-3;
- ukwethulwa okusabalele kokuthuthwa kwemvelo - izimoto zikagesi, ama-hybrids, i-hydrogen nezimoto zikaphethiloli zemifino, ngisho ne-LPG esisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukukhishwa okuncane;
- isimo sengqondo esinomthwalo wemfanelo emvelweni - abantu baseYurophu bajabule kakhulu ukusebenzisa izithuthi zomphakathi, ukugibela amabhayisikili, kuyilapho ezweni lethu zingekho ngisho izindlela ezivamile zamabhayisikili yonke indawo.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi ama-hybrids aqala kancane kodwa ngokuzethemba ngokwengeziwe ukubonakala emigwaqweni yethu. Yini eyenza abantu bashintshele kulolu hlobo lwezokuthutha? Ake sizame ukuqonda lolu daba kuwebhusayithi yethu Vodi.su.
Плюсы
Okubaluleke kakhulu okuhlanganisa esikubeke ngenhla ukuhambisana nemvelo. Okuhambisana kakhulu nemvelo ama-plug-in hybrids angashajwa ngokuqondile e-odongeni. Bafaka amabhethri anamandla nama-motor kagesi, ukushaja kwabo kwanele amakhilomitha angu-150-200. Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi isetshenziswa kuphela ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela emthonjeni oseduze kagesi.
Kukhona nezinhlobo ze-hybrid auto emnene futhi egcwele. Ngokulinganisela, i-motor kagesi idlala indima yomthombo owengeziwe wamandla, ngokugcwele, basebenza ngokulinganayo. Ngenxa yama-alternator, amabhethri angashajwa ngenkathi injini evamile kaphethiloli isebenza. Futhi, cishe wonke amamodeli asebenzisa uhlelo lokubuyisela amandla ebhuleki, okungukuthi, amandla okubhuleka asetshenziselwa ukushaja amabhethri.
Kuye ngohlobo lwenjini, i-hybrid ingadla uphethiloli ongaphansi ngamaphesenti angu-25 kunezakwabo zikadizili noma zikaphethiloli.
Amamodeli athuthukisiwe wezimoto ezi-hybrid, esikhulume ngazo ngokuningiliziwe kuVodi.su, angabiza kuphela u-30-50% kaphethiloli, ngokulandelana, azidingeki amalitha ayi-100-7 ngekhilomitha eyi-15, kodwa kancane kakhulu.
Kukho konke ukusebenza kwawo kokukhipha isisi, ama-hybrids ngobuchwepheshe aphakeme kunezimoto ezijwayelekile njengoba enamandla afanayo enjini, itorque efanayo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi ohulumeni bamazwe amaningi banesithakazelo ekusungulweni okubanzi kwalezi zimoto ezingenayo imvelo, ngakho-ke banikeza izimo ezivumayo kubashayeli bezimoto. Akudingekile ukuthi uye kude - ngisho nasezindaweni ezingomakhelwane i-Ukraine, kunenzuzo enkulu kakhulu ukungenisa ama-hybrids avela phesheya, ngoba uhulumeni uwuchithile umsebenzi okhethekile wokungenisa kuwo. Futhi e-United States, lapho uthenga i-hybrid ngesikweletu, umbuso ungakhokhela ingxenye yezindleko, nakuba eMelika inzalo yemali mboleko isivele iphansi - 3-4% ngonyaka.
Kunobufakazi bokuthi izivumelwano ezifanayo zizovela eRussia. Isibonelo, kuhlelwe ukuthi lapho uthenga imoto eyi-hybrid kumthengisi osemthethweni, umbuso uzohlinzeka ngesibonelelo semali engu-$1000.
Empeleni, izimfanelo ezikhethekile ezinhle zama-hybrids ziphelela lapho. Kukhona nezinhlangothi ezingezinhle futhi azimbalwa.
Минусы
Ububi obuyinhloko yizindleko, ngisho phesheya ziphakeme ngamaphesenti angu-20-50 kunemodeli enenjini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, emazweni e-CIS, ama-hybrids awethulwanga ku-assortment enkulu kunazo zonke - abakhiqizi abazimisele kakhulu ukuletha kithi, bazi ukuthi isidingo sizoba sincane. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, abanye abathengisi banikeza umyalelo oqondile wamamodeli athile.
Ububi besibili yizindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa. Uma ibhethri lihluleka (futhi ngokushesha noma kamuva lizokwenza), ukuthenga elisha kuzobiza kakhulu. Amandla enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi azoba mancane kakhulu ekushayeleni okuvamile.
Ukulahlwa kwama-hybrids kubiza kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yebhethri.
Futhi, amabhethri ezimoto ezi-hybrid abhekene nazo zonke izinkinga zamabhethri: ukwesaba ukushisa okuphansi, ukuzikhipha, ukuchithwa kwamapuleti. Okungukuthi, singasho ukuthi i-hybrid ayiyona into engcono kakhulu yezindawo ezibandayo, ngeke isebenze lapha.
Iyalayisha...
