Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zinama-catalytic converters?

Kulesi sihloko, sihlola ukuthi ingabe ama-EV anawo yini ama-catalytic converter nokuthi ayadingeka yini.

Iziguquli ze-Catalytic zivamile ezimotweni ezisebenza ngophethiloli ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwezimoto. Nokho, izimoto zikagesi aziwusebenzisi uphethiloli, ngakho zisadingeka? Umbuzo onjalo ungabuzwa uma uqhathanisa izimoto zikagesi (EV) nezikaphethiloli.

Impendulo ithi cha, i.e. awekho ama-catalytic converters ezimotweni zikagesi. Isizathu ukuthi abawadingi. Kodwa kungani kungenjalo?

Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zine-catalytic converter?

Umbuzo oyinhloko lesi sihloko esibhekana nawo ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zine-catalytic converter. Impendulo ithi cha, ngoba izimoto zikagesi azinawo ama-catalytic converters.

Izimoto ezixubile azikho ngenxa yokuthi azinawo ugesi ngokuphelele futhi zinenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, sizobheka ukuthi kungani bengakwenzi, futhi iyini imiphumela yokungabi nesiguquli se-catalytic. Okokuqala, sidinga ukwazi ukuthi i-catalytic converter yenzani.

Ukunakwa: Nakuba lesi sihloko simayelana nezimoto zikagesi, umbuzo wokuthi ingabe i-catalytic converter iyadingeka kanye nolunye ulwazi olumayelana nazo lusebenza ngokulinganayo ezimotweni zikagesi ngokuvamile.

Yenzani ama-catalytic converters

Isiguquli se-catalytic yidivayisi esiza ukunciphisa ukukhishwa okuyingozi okuvela enjinini yemoto. Ifakwa epayipini le-exhaust yemoto njengengxenye yesistimu yayo yokukhipha umoya. I-casing yayo yangaphandle iqukethe i-catalyst eguqula amagesi aphuma enjinini (CO-HC-NOx) abe amagesi aphephe kakhulu (CO₂-H₂VULA₂), bese ziphonswa emoyeni (bheka umfanekiso ongezansi). [2]

Amagesi akhiqizwa injini ama-hydrocarbon, ama-oxide e-nitrogen ne-carbon monoxide. Umsebenzi wokuguqula i-catalytic ubalulekile ngoba i-carbon monoxide inobuthi. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amunca le gesi futhi avimbele ukumuncwa komoyampilo odingekayo ukuze kuqhubeke ukuphila. [3]

Ngamafuphi, umgomo wayo uwukwenza ukungcola kwezimoto kungabi yingozi empilweni yethu nasemvelweni. Amagesi okukhipha umoya wokugcina (ngemuva kwe-catalysis) yi-carbon dioxide, amanzi kanye ne-nitrogen. I-Carbon dioxide nayo ayinangozi, kodwa ngezinga elincane kune-carbon monoxide.

Izidingo Zomthetho

Ukuba nesiguquli se-catalytic emotweni kuyimfuneko esemthethweni uma imoto ifakwe injini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Isidingo siyahlolwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-emissions ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhona futhi isebenza kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo kwesiguquli se-catalytic kwaqala ukusebenza ngo-1972 ukuze kulawulwe ukungcoliswa komoya namanzi angaphansi ezimotweni. Amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile mayelana neziguquli ze-catalytic: [4]

• Akukho emthethweni ukushintsha, ukukhubaza noma ukususa isiguquli se-catalytic emotweni.
• Lapho ushintsha isiguquli se-catalytic, ukushintshwa kufanele kufane.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhishwayo kuyadingeka minyaka yonke.

Ngokungeziwe ezimotweni zikagesi, izimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni nazo azikhokhiswa imfuneko yokuba nesiguquli se-catalytic.

Kungani Izimoto zikagesi zingadingi iziguquli ze-Catalytic

Njengoba isiguquli se-catalytic sisebenzela ukususa ukungcola enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto, futhi izimoto zikagesi azinayo injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, azikhiphi izisi ezikhipha umoya. Ngakho-ke, izimoto zikagesi azidingi isiguquli se-catalytic.

Ezinye izinto izimoto zikagesi ezingenazo

Kunezinto ezimbalwa ama-EV angenazo, okuchaza ukuthi kungani engakudingi isiguquli se-catalytic. Phakathi kwazo:

• Ngaphandle kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi
• Asikho isidingo samafutha enjini ukugcoba injini
• Akukho ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingcolile ezinobuthi
• Izingxenye zemishini ezimbalwa kakhulu

Imiphumela yokungabi nesiguquli se-catalytic

Impilo kanye nemvelo

Ukushoda kwesiguquli se-catalytic, ngenxa yokuthi izimoto zikagesi azikhiphi amagesi e-exhaust, kuzenza zibe nobungane ngokwemvelo kunezimoto ezikwenzayo, okungenani ngokuya ngentuthu enobuthi.

Umantshingelane

Kunesinye isizathu sokuthi kungani ukungabikho kwesiguquli se-catalytic kwenza izimoto zikagesi ziphephe. Lokhu ukuphepha ngokokuphepha. Iziguquli ze-Catalytic ziqukethe izinsimbi ezibizayo njengeplatinum, i-palladium ne-rhodium. Basiza enqubweni yokuhlunga ukunciphisa ukukhishwa okuyingozi ngosizo lwesakhiwo sezinyosi. Bakha amagesi ayingozi, yingakho igama elithi catalytic converter.

Kodwa-ke, ukulungisa okumba eqolo kwenza iziguquli ze-catalytic zibe okuhloswe ngazo amasela. Uma isiguquli se-catalytic kulula ukusisusa, sisenza sibe umgomo okhanga kakhulu. Ezinye izimoto zine-catalytic converter engaphezu kweyodwa.

Isimo esizayo

Uma kubhekwa ukukhula okulindelekile kwesidingo sezimoto zikagesi esikhundleni sezimoto zenjini evuthayo, isidingo sama-catalytic converters sizokwehla.

Isifiso sangempela siwukwakha indawo ehlanzekile. Izimoto zikagesi zinikeza ithuba lokugcina indawo ehlanzekile futhi enempilo ngokwenza izimoto ezingakhiphi amagesi ayingozi, okuqeda isidingo sama-catalytic converters.

Kungenzeka ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa, iziguquli ze-catalytic zizoba insalela yenkathi edlule yezimoto ezikhipha amagesi anobuthi.

Ukulawulwa kwamagesi ayingozi ngezimoto zikagesi

Uma izimoto zikagesi (EVs) zingakhiphi amagesi ayingozi futhi ngenxa yalokho zingadingi isiguquli se-catalytic, kungani-ke sisadinga ukulawula amagesi ayingozi? Isizathu salokhu ukuthi, nakuba izimoto zikagesi ngokwazo zingakhiphi amagesi ayingozi, isimo siyashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokushaja.

Abakhiqizi bezimoto zikagesi bakhipha i-carbon dioxide eningi (CO₂) ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yokwakha izimoto zikagesi, kanye namanethiwekhi okushaja okushaja izimoto zikagesi nakho kuyaqhubeka nokuthembela kakhulu emithonjeni yamandla engavuseleleki. Ngakho-ke, iqiniso lokuthi izimoto zikagesi azidingi iziguquli ze-catalytic akusho ukuthi sisindisiwe ngokuphelele esidingweni sokulawula amagesi ayingozi.

Ukufingqa

Siphenye ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zine-catalytic converter. Saveza ukuthi abadingeki, sase sibachazela ukuthi kungani bengasidingi. Isizathu sokuthi izimoto zikagesi zingenakho futhi azidingi isiguquli se-catalytic ukuthi azikhiqizi ukukhishwa kwegesi okuyingozi njengezimoto ezinezinjini zikaphethiloli ezivuthayo zangaphakathi.

Igesi eyingozi enkulu i-carbon monoxide. Isiguquli se-catalytic siguqula lokhu kanye namanye amagesi amabili ahilelekile (ama-hydrocarbon nama-oxides e-nitrogen) abe yi-carbon dioxide ephephe ngokuqhathaniswa, ngaphezu kwamanzi ne-nitrogen.

I-carbon monoxide eyingozi kakhulu idinga isiguquli se-catalytic esisebenzayo. Njengoba izimoto zikagesi zingakhiphi amagesi ayingozi, azikho izidingo ezingokomthetho.

Kodwa-ke, siphinde sabonisa ukuthi nakuba izimoto zikagesi zingase zibonakale ziphephile empilweni yethu nasendaweni ezungezile, ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide phakathi nokukhiqizwa kwazo kanye nokuzishaja kusadinga ukulawulwa kwamagesi ayingozi.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi kungenzeka kwande esikhathini esizayo, lokhu kusho ukuthi isidingo sabaguquli be-catalytic sizoqhubeka nokwehla.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• Kudingeka ama-amps amangaki ukushaja imoto kagesi
• multimeter test okukhiphayo
• Iyini i-VSR drill

Izincomo

[1] U-Allan Bonnick noDerek Newbold. Indlela engokoqobo yokuklama nokugcinwa kwemoto. 3^rd inguqulo. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier. 2011.

[2] UChristy Marlow no-Andrew Morkes. Umakhenikha ozenzakalelayo: Ukusebenza ngaphansi kwe-hood. Mason Cross. 2020.

[3] T. C. Garrett, C. Newton, kanye noW. Steeds. Imoto. 13^th inguqulo. Butterworth-Heinemann. 2001.

[4] UMichel Seidel. Imithetho yesiguquli se-catalytic. Kubuyiswe ku-https://legalbeagle.com/7194804-catalytic-converter-laws.html. I-beagle esemthethweni. 2018.