Izinjini Hyundai Starex, Grand Starex
Okuqukethwe
Umlando wokwakhiwa kwamabhasi amancane anezinjongo eziningi ezinosayizi ogcwele kwaHyundai Motor Company waqala ngo-1987. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, inkampani ihlanganyela ekukhiqizeni i-Hyundai H-100, i-minivan yokuqala ye-volumetric ohlwini lwayo. Ukwakhiwa kwemoto kwenziwa ngesisekelo seMitsubishi Delica, eyayidumile ngaleso sikhathi. Imoto yathola umzimba ogqamile futhi ovulekile, kodwa ngokuvamile ingxenye yezobuchwepheshe ayizange ishintshe. Akumangazi ukuthi imodeli yaphumelela kokubili ekhaya (imoto yakhiqizwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Grace) nasezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe.
Endabeni yokuthandwa, onjiniyela benkampani, bethembele ngokuphelele ezinsizeni zabo, baklama futhi bafaka umshini wokuthutha ngo-1996 imoto yeHyundai Starex (H-1 yemakethe yaseYurophu). Imodeli iphumelele kakhulu futhi, ngaphezu kweKorea, yakhiqizwa e-Indonesia. Futhi kusukela ngo-2002, i-Hyundai Corporation ikhiphe ilayisense yokukhiqiza le moto e-People's Republic of China. E-China, imodeli yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Reline.
Isizukulwane sakwaHyundai Stareks I sakhiqizwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili ze-chassis:
- Okufushane.
- Yinde.
Imoto yayinezinketho eziningi zokuqedela ingaphakathi. Amabhasi amancane e-Starex angaba nezihlalo ezingu-7, 9 noma ezingu-12 (okuhlanganisa nesihlalo somshayeli). Isici esihlukile semoto yikhono lokuzungeza izihlalo zabagibeli zomugqa wesibili kunoma iyiphi indlela ngama-90-degree increments. Izinhlobo zezimpahla zemoto zinezihlalo ezi-3 noma ezi-6. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukucwebezela kwengaphakathi lemoto kungaba okuphelele, okuyingxenye noma kungabikho ngokuphelele.
Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwesizukulwane sokuqala se-Hyundai Starex kusukela ngo-1996 kuya ku-2007, imoto yathuthukiswa kabili (2000 no-2004), ekhodini okungezona nje ukubonakala kwemoto, kodwa futhi nengxenye yayo yobuchwepheshe yashintsha kakhulu. .
II isizukulwane noma ngaphezulu, ephakeme futhi kanokusho ngaphezulu
Isizukulwane sesibili seHyundai Starex, esiye sathandana nabanikazi abaningi bezimoto, yethulwa emphakathini ngo-2007. Imoto entsha ibingahlangani ngalutho neyangaphambili. Umzimba uye waba banzi futhi mude, wathola izici zesimanje. Umthamo wangaphakathi wemoto nawo unyukile. I-Starex 2 model range yahlinzekwa ngamasaluni okuhlala abantu abangu-11 no-12 (okuhlanganisa nesihlalo somshayeli). Emakethe yasekhaya (yaseKorea), izimoto ezinjalo zathola isiqalo esikhulu.
Isizukulwane sesibili iGrand Stareks sithokozela ukuthandwa okubanzi esifundeni sase-Asia. Ngakho-ke e-Malaysia, inguqulo ikhiqizwa emazweni anethrafikhi engakwesokunxele. Izimoto ezinjalo zinemishini ecebile kakhulu (Hyundai Grand Starex Royale).
Izimoto zeGrand Starex zithengiswa ngewaranti yeminyaka emihlanu (noma u-5 km). Futhi, njengesizukulwane sokuqala, imoto inikezwa ngezinguqulo eziningana:
- Inketho yomgibeli.
- Impahla noma umgibeli wempahla (enezihlalo eziyisi-6).
Ngo-2013 no-2017, imoto yalungiswa kabusha, okwakuthinta kuphela imininingwane yangaphandle yemoto.
- Yiziphi izinjini ezifakwe ezizukulwaneni ezahlukene zezimoto
Esikhathini esisuka ku-1996 kuya ku-2019, amamodeli alandelayo amayunithi amandla afakwe kuzo zombili izizukulwane zemoto.
Isizukulwane sokuqala i-Hyundai Starex:
| Amayunithi kaphethiloli | ||||
| Inombolo yefekthri | ukuguqulwa | uhlobo lwenjini | Amandla athuthukisiwe hp/kW | Ivolumu yokusebenza, bheka i-cube. |
| I-L4CS | 2,4 umkhathi | 4 amasilinda, V8 | 118/87 | 2351 |
| I-L6AT | 3,0 umkhathi | Amasilinda angu-6, amise okwe-V | 135/99 | 2972 |
| Amayunithi amandla kadizili | ||||
| Inombolo yefekthri | ukuguqulwa | uhlobo lwenjini | Amandla athuthukisiwe hp/kW | Ivolumu yokusebenza, bheka i-cube. |
| 4D56 | 2,5 umkhathi | 4 amasilinda, V8 | 105/77 | 2476 |
| I-D4BB | 2,6 umkhathi | 4 amasilinda, V8 | 83/65 | 2607 |
| I-D4BF | 2,5 TD | 4 amasilinda | 85/67 | 2476 |
| I-D4BH | 2,5 TD | 4 amasilinda, V16 | 103/76 | 2476 |
| I-D4CB | 2,5 I-CRDI | 4 amasilinda, V16 | 145/107 | 2497 |
Wonke amayunithi kagesi wakwaHyundai Starex ahlanganiswe nezinhlobo ezi-2 zamabhokisi kagiya: i-mechanical 5-speed kanye ne-4-speed automatic ene-torque converter yakudala. Izimoto zesizukulwane sokuqala nazo zifakwe i-PT 4WD all-wheel drive system. I-Part Time (PT) isho ukuthi i-asi engaphambili yemoto ixhunywe ngendluzula endaweni yabagibeli.
Isizukulwane sesibili iHyundai Grand Starex:
| Amayunithi kaphethiloli | ||||
| Inombolo yefekthri | ukuguqulwa | uhlobo lwenjini | Amandla athuthukisiwe hp/kW | Ivolumu yokusebenza, bheka i-cube. |
| L4KB | 2,4 umkhathi | 4 amasilinda, V16 | 159/117 | 2359 |
| I-G4KE | 2,4 umkhathi | 4 amasilinda, V16 | 159/117 | 2359 |
| Amayunithi amandla kadizili | ||||
| Inombolo yefekthri | ukuguqulwa | uhlobo lwenjini | Amandla athuthukisiwe hp/kW | Ivolumu yokusebenza, bheka i-cube. |
| I-D4CB | 2,5 I-CRDI | 4 amasilinda, V16 | 145/107 | 2497 |
Izinhlobo ezintathu zama-gearbox zafakwa esizukulwaneni sesibili iGrand Starex:
- 5-6 isivinini okuzenzakalelayo (ngezinguqulo diesel).
- I-automatic gearbox enezigaba ezi-5 zejubane (izimoto ezifakiwe ezinezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zikadizili). I-5-speed automatic ithathwa njengenketho ekhethwa kakhulu. I-JATCO JR507E yaseJapane ethembekile iyakwazi ukusebenza amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-400.
- I-4-speed automatic transmission yafakwa ezimotweni ezinenjini kaphethiloli.
Ezimotweni ezikhiqizwa ngo-2007-2013, kwakungekho uhlelo lokushayela wonke amasondo. Kuphela ngemva kokulungisa kabusha, umenzi waphinde waqala ukuhlomisa i-Grand Starex ngezinhlelo ze-4WD. Kodwa lezi zimoto azizange zinikezwe ngokusemthethweni emakethe yaseRussia.
3. Yiziphi izinjini ezisetshenziswa kakhulu
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweHyundai Starex kusuka ngo-1996 kuya ku-2019, amamodeli alandelayo amayunithi kagesi asetshenziswa kakhulu.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Phakathi kwazo zonke izimoto zesizukulwane sokuqala "Hyundai Starex" ekhiqizwa inkampani, inani elikhulu kunawo wonke amakhophi ifakwe izinjini ezimbili: diesel 4D56 kanye L4CS uphethiloli. Owokugcina wabo wakhiqizwa inkampani kusukela ngo-1986 kuya ku-2007 futhi ikhophi ngqo Japanese 4G64 injini kusukela Mitsubishi. I-injini ye-injini yenziwe nge-ductile iron, futhi ikhanda le-cylinder lenziwe nge-aluminium alloy. Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi inokushayela ngebhande. Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ifakwe izinxephezelo zamavalvu angama-hydraulic.
I-L4CS ayinakuzithoba kwikhwalithi kawoyela nophethiloli. Lokhu akumangazi, uma kubhekwa unyaka wokuthuthuka kwayo. Injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ifakwe i-electronic fuel supply system. Emjikelezweni ohlanganisiwe, i-Starex efakwe le njini idla amalitha kaphethiloli afinyelela ku-13,5, kuncike kumodi yokusebenza enconyiwe. Iyunithi yamandla ine-drawback eyodwa enkulu. Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi ayithembekile kakhulu. Kulawa ma-motor, ibhande lokushayela livame ukuphuka ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi amabhalansi ayabhujiswa.
Injini yedizili engu-4D56 esizukulwaneni sokuqala i-Starex yaboleka ku-Mitsubishi ukukhathazeka. Injini iye yakhiqizwa inkampani kusukela 1s ekhulwini elidlule. Iyunithi yamandla ine-cast iron block kanye nekhanda le-aluminium cylinder. Isikhathi senziwa nge-belt drive. Amandla emoto athuthukisiwe aphezulu ngu-80 hp. Le njini ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka nge-dynamics enhle emotweni futhi ayinaso isifiso esingaphansi kwesimbangi sayo sikaphethiloli, kodwa ingajabulisa umnikazi wemoto ngokwethembeka okukhulu. Isikhathi sokusebenza se-103D4 ngaphambi kokulungiswa kokuqala singamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-56-300 nangaphezulu.
Isizukulwane sesibili
Isizukulwane sesibili sezimoto zeGrand Starex ezimweni eziningi zifakwe injini yedizili engu-145-horsepower D4CB. Injini ngeyomndeni A ngokwezigaba ze-automaker futhi ingeyesimanjemanje. Ukukhishwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-2001 futhi kusukela lapho injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ibilokhu ithuthukiswa njalo. Kuze kube manje, i-D4CB ingesinye sezitimela ezinamandla ezihambisana nemvelo kwaHyundai Motors.
I-injini ye-injini yenziwe nge-ductile iron, ikhanda le-cylinder liyi-aluminium alloy structure. Ukushayela isikhathi kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iketango eliphindwe kathathu. I-motor ine-accumulator-type fuel system ene-high-pressure injectors (I-Common Rail). Injini iphinde ifakwe i-geometry turbine eguquguqukayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-turbocharging kuye kwathuthukisa amandla emoto, kwandise amandla emoto futhi kwanciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa. I-D4CB efakwe kwi-Hyundai Grand Starex idla uphethiloli kadizili ofika ku-8,5 ngamakhilomitha angu-100 ngomjikelezo ohlangene.
4. Iyiphi injini engcono ukukhetha imoto
Kunzima kakhulu ukuphendula umbuzo lapho iyunithi amandla ukuthenga Starex. Singasho ngokuzethemba kuphela mayelana nokubaluleke kakhulu kwezinjini zikadizili kuneziphethiloli. Kodwa izitshalo ezimbili zamandla zithandwa kakhulu emakethe yezimoto ezintsha nezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe:
- I-D4CB (ifakwe ku-Starex 1 nezizukulwane ezingu-2).
- 4D56 (etholakala kuphela ezimotweni zesizukulwane sokuqala kusukela ngo-1).
Womabili ama-motor anokwethenjelwa futhi anempilo ende yesevisi, nokho, womabili amayunithi amandla anezinkinga ezithile.
I-D4CB
Kulabo abafisa ukuthenga isizukulwane sesibili iHyundai Grand Starex, le ICE ukuphela kwenketho eyamukelekayo yokuzikhethela. Nakuba injini inezinombolo zomklamo ocacile "wezifo":
- Ngokuvamile kunezimo zokuvinjelwa kwesamukeli samafutha enjinini. Lokhu kuholela ekulambeni kawoyela kanye nokulimala kwemishini kuma-liner. Uma ungayicimi imoto ngesikhathi esifanele ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu zokuqala, kungenzeka ukulimaza i-turbine.
- Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi enamaketanga amathathu iyisikhathi esifushane kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuyilungisa.
- Iphampu kaphethiloli enengcindezi ephezulu evela eDelphi, efakwe ku-Starex EURO 5. Le futha yomjovo ivamise ukushayela ama-chips.
I-D4CB
4D56
Lena injini efakazelwe. Lapho ukhetha i-Starex yesizukulwane sokuqala, izimoto ezinale yunithi yamandla kufanele zinikezwe kuqala. Nakuba esasindise izimanga ezimbalwa ezingajabulisi kubashayeli:
- Ukuvuza kukawoyela kuma-gaskets nama-seal kuyisifo esivame kakhulu sezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi.
- Ngemuva kokugijima kwezinkulungwane eziyi-100-120, ukuqhekeka endaweni yama-prechambers akuvamile.4D56
