Izinjini zeHyundai Sonata
Okuqukethwe
I-biography yale moto ifana kakhulu nokuzalwa nokuthuthukiswa kwama-sedans adumile e-Japanese auto corporation Toyota. Lokhu akumangazi - amazwe aseduze kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemodeli yonxiwankulu yokwethulwa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kanye nokuphathwa kwebhizinisi kwathela izithelo ngokushesha - imoto yakwaHyundai Sonata yanqoba i-hemisphere yasempumalanga. Abaphathi benkampani babona ukuthi kunzima ukuncintisana namaJapane ekucushweni kwedrayivu engakwesokudla. Ngakho-ke, uSonata, kusukela esizukulwaneni sesibili, "washiya ukunqoba" iMelika naseYurophu.
Umlando wokudalwa nokukhiqiza
Kule moto, amakilasi ahlukahlukene kanye nezigaba kuhlanganiswe ngokuyinkimbinkimbi. I-Sonata ingeye "Large family car" (D) ngokusho kwe-EuroNCAP. Ngokusho kobukhulu obuphelele bombhalo wekhodi we-EU, lena "izimoto ze-Executive" zesigaba E. Yiqiniso, le moto nayo ikhiqizwa emazingeni amancane angabhekwa ngokuphephile ekilasini lebhizinisi.
- Isizukulwane esingu-1 (1985-1988).
Eyokuqala edonsa ngamasondo angemuva yemodeli ye-Sonata d ngo-1985 yatholakala kubahlali baseKorea naseCanada (Hyundai Stellar II). Ukukhishwa kwemoto kwathatha iminyaka engaphezudlwana kwemithathu. Iziphathimandla zase-US azizange ziyinikeze imvume yokungenisa kwayo ezweni ngenxa yokuthi injini yayikhiphela amagesi ombhobho omningi kunalokho okwakuvunyelwe yimithetho kazwelonke yezemvelo.
Izwe okuwukuphela kwalo eMpumalanga Nenkabazwe lapho kushaye khona i-Sonata sedan yokuqala kwesokudla ishayelwa yiNew Zealand. Ezingxenyeni eziyisisekelo ngaphansi kwe-hood kwakukhona injini yaseJapane engu-1,6-litre four-cylinder eyakhiwe kwaMitsubishi kanye ne-5-speed manual transmission. Kube nokwenzeka ukufaka i-Borg Warner automatic transmission enamagiya amathathu noma amane.
- Isizukulwane esingu-2 (1988-1993).
I-Y2, njengoba uchungechunge olusha lwafakwa ikhodi kusukela ngo-1988, lwaba yingxenye yephrojekthi yebhizinisi lakwaHyundai ukuze kwandiswe udlame lokumaketha kwenkampani ezimakethe zaseWestern Hemisphere. Esikhundleni senguqulo edonsa ngamasondo angemuva, abaklami benjini yakwaHyundai nabakhi benjini yakwaMitsubishi baklame imoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili enenjini ohlelo lukaphethiloli olungasebenzi nge-carburetor, kodwa ngendlela yomjovo. I-Sonata yesizukulwane sesibili yayifana nesakhiwo seJapane Mitsubishi Galant.
Imoto yaqala ukuboniswa emphakathini jikelele eKorea ngoJuni 1, 1987. Okunye okuthunyelwe:
- 1987 (Canada) - 1988 imodeli;
- 1988 (USA) - 1989 imodeli;
- 1989 (Australia) - 1989 imodeli.
Umzimba wemoto waklanywa u-Giorgetto Giugiaro we-Italdesign. Eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kokuphela kwalolu chungechunge, imoto yashintshwa kabusha okokuqala ngqa.
- Ukwakhiwa kwezihlalo, ikhonsoli kanye nedeshibhodi kushintshiwe. Ngokokuqala ngqa, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhanyisa okuhloniphekile" kusetshenziswe njengendlela eyinhloko.
- Injini ye-G4CS yathathelwa indawo uhla lwezinjini ze-G4CP (CPD, CPDM) ezinamalitha amabili. Ekucushweni ngenjini engu-6-cylinder G6AT, inketho ye-ABS itholakale kumakhasimende. Idizayini ye-radiator grille kanye nezinkomba zokukhomba ishintshiwe.
Injini ye-G4CP - Izinketho zombala womzimba zengeziwe futhi kufakwe umoya omusha wangaphambili.
Idizayini ye-chassis ephumelele ngendlela emangalisayo ohlelweni lokuphakamisa ubuso ayizange ibe nezinguquko.
- Isizukulwane esingu-3 (1993-1998).
Ukuguqulwa okusha kwe-serial kwethulwa ngo-1993, kwakhangiswa iminyaka emibili kusengaphambili - njengemoto ngo-1995. Imoto ithole izinjini eziningana eziyinhloko:
- 2,0 l / 126 hp;
- 2,0 l / 139 hp;
- 3,0 amalitha / 142 hp
Ukudluliswa - "imishini" engu-5-speed, noma i-4-speed automatic transmission.
Ngemuva kokuvalwa kokukhiqizwa edolobheni laseCanada iBromont, umhlangano wenziwa ngokuphelele eKorea, kwaze kwaba kuvulwa isitshalo esisha eBeijing ngasekupheleni kuka-2002. I-facelift ngo-1996 yenza i-Sonata yesizukulwane sesi-3 yaba enye yezimoto ezibonakala kakhulu emhlabeni, ngenxa yomklamo othakazelisayo wamalambu angaphambili.
- Isizukulwane esingu-4 (1998-2004).
Isici esihlukile semishini yalesi sikhathi isevisi yewaranti yeminyaka eyishumi engekho kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izinjini zomhlangano waseKorea wochungechunge lweDelta zaqala ukufakwa ngaphansi kwe-hood yemoto. Imoto ngokushesha yathola ama-clone amabili ngaphandle kweNingizimu Korea. I-KIA Optima ne-KIA Magentis (yokuthengisa ngaphandle kwe-USA).
Kusukela ngo-2004 kuya ku-2011, isizukulwane sesine Hyundai Sonata yahlanganiswa Russian Federation (TaGAZ plant e Taganrog). Naphezu kwesakhiwo "sedan" somzimba kanye ne-chassis, kwakuyile Sonata eyaba yisisekelo sokuthuthukisa indawo yemoto yaseKorea entsha ngokuphelele - i-crossover yomndeni wakwaSanta Fe.
- 5-7 izizukulwane (2004-okwamanje).
Ekhulwini elisha, ukuklanywa komugqa we-Sonata kuye kwavela ngokushesha. Isifinyezo esithi NF sengezwe egameni lemoto. Umzimba wochungechunge olusha lwezinjini waqala ukwenziwa ngokuphelele nge-alloy aluminium ekhanyayo. Ekugcineni, kwavela izinguqulo zikadizili, ukuthengiswa kwazo okwakuhlelwe abaphathi bakwaHyundai eNew Zealand, eSingapore nakwamanye amazwe e-EU. Ngemuva kweChicago Auto Show ngo-2009, imoto isikhathi eside yaqala ukubekwa njengeHyundai Sonata Transform.
Kusukela ngo-2009, imoto yakhiwe endaweni entsha YF / i45 yesikhulumi. Iminyaka eyishumi edlule ibonakala ngezinguquko eziphawulekayo emgqeni wezitshalo zamandla. Amagiya ayisithupha azishintshayo aqala ukuduma. Kusukela ngo-2011, abathengi baseKorea nase-United States sebeyizinguqulo ezitholakalayo zesizukulwane sesi-6 i-Sonata enenjini eyi-hybrid, ehlanganisa injini kaphethiloli engu-2,4-litre kanye nenjini kagesi engama-kilowatt angu-30.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto ezihamba phambili ezihamba ngamasondo e-D-class yenguqulo entsha (i-Hyundai-KIA Y7 yesikhulumi) senziwe ezinkampanini ezintathu zezimoto kusukela ngo-2014:
- I-Asan (eNingizimu Korea);
- Beijing (China);
- Montgomery (USA).
Izinga lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye "nenqubekelaphambili" yephrojekthi ivumele abaklami ukuba bakwazi ukufakwa kwe-7-speed automatic transmission. Ephilayo, enhle, njengokungathi iphokophele phambili, abaklami baseKorea babiza imoto ngokuthi "isithombe esiqoshiwe."
Izinjini zeHyundai Sonata
Imoto yalesi modeli ihluke kwabanye ozakwabo baseKorea ngokuthi ingxenye yesine yekhulu, cishe inani elikhulu lamayunithi lingaphansi kwe-hood yalo - ukuguqulwa kwe-33. Futhi lokhu kuphela emishinini ye-serial yezizukulwane ezingu-2-7. Izinjini eziningi ziphumelele kangangokuthi zashintshwa kaningi ukuze zinikwe amandla ahlukene (G4CP, G4CS, G6AT, G4JS, G4KC, G4KH, D4FD), futhi zema ku-conveyor uchungechunge lwe-2-3 lulandelana.
Esinye isici sezitshalo zamandla ze-Hyundai Sonata: i-turbine yokuqala yafakwa enjini ye-G6DB (ivolumu yokusebenza engu-3342 cm3) kuphela isizukulwane sesihlanu sikaNdunankulu Standard ngo-2004. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke izimoto zakhiqizwa ngezinjini ezivamile zangaphakathi ezivuthayo. Ngendlela, le njini engu-3,3-litre ibiyohlala inamandla kakhulu kulayini we-Sonata, uma kungenjalo ngeyunithi eyingqayizivele ye-G4KH, onjiniyela abakwazi ukuyiletha ku-274 hp. ngevolumu yesilinda "kuphela" 1998 cm3.
| Ukumaka | Thayipha | ivolumu, cm3 | Amandla amakhulu, kW / hp |
| I-G4CM | uphethiloli | 1796 | 77/105 |
| I-G4CP | -: - | 1997 | 82/111, 85/115, 101/137, 107/146 |
| I-G4CPD | -: - | 1997 | 102/139 |
| I-G4CS | -: - | 2351 | I-84 / 114, 86 / 117 |
| I-G6AT | -: - | 2972 | I-107 / 145, 107 / 146 |
| I-G4CM | -: - | 1796 | 81/110 |
| I-G4CPDM | -: - | 1997 | 92/125 |
| I-G4CN | -: - | 1836 | 99/135 |
| I-G4EP | -: - | 1997 | 70/95 |
| G4JN | -: - | 1836 | 98/133 |
| G4JS | -: - | 2351 | I-101 / 138, 110 / 149 |
| I-G4JP | -: - | 1997 | 98/133 |
| I-G4GC | -: - | 1975 | 101/137 |
| I-G6BA | -: - | 2656 | 127/172 |
| I-G4BS | -: - | 2351 | 110/150 |
| G6BV | -: - | 2493 | 118/160 |
| I-G4GB | -: - | 1795 | 96/131 |
| I-G6DB | uphethiloli we-turbocharged | 3342 | 171/233 |
| G4KA | uphethiloli | 1998 | 106/144 |
| I-G4KC | -: - | 2359 | 119/162, 124/168, 129/175, 132/179 |
| I-G4KD | -: - | 1998 | 120/163 |
| I-G4KE | -: - | 2359 | 128/174 |
| I-D4EA | udizili ushisiwe | 1991 | 111/151 |
| I-L4KA | igesi | 1998 | 104/141 |
| I-G4KK | uphethiloli | 2359 | 152/207 |
| G4KH | uphethiloli we-turbocharged | 1998 | I-199 / 271, 202 / 274 |
| I-G4NA | uphethiloli | 1999 | 110/150 |
| G4ND | -: - | 1999 | 127/172 |
| I-G4NE | -: - | 1999 | 145/198 |
| I-G4KJ | -: - | 2359 | 136/185, 140/190, 146/198, 147/200 |
| I-D4FD | udizili ushisiwe | 1685 | 104/141 |
| I-G4FJ | uphethiloli we-turbocharged | 1591 | 132/180 |
| I-G4NG | uphethiloli | 1999 | 115/156 |
Ngokudabukisayo, izinjini zomugqa we-Sonata azizange zidume kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Hyundai. Eziningi zazo azikaze zifakwe kwezinye izinguquko zakwaHyundai. Zine kuphela kwezingu-4 izinhlobo zezinjini ezithole ukuguqulwa okungaphezulu kwezine kwaHyundai ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-33 nelama-6 - G4BA, D4EA, G4GC, GXNUMXKE. Nokho, Mitsubishi izinjini zazisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo abanye abakhiqizi izimoto. Kodwa okuningi kulokho ngezansi.
Injini edume kakhulu yakwaHyundai Sonata
Kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha injini evame ukusetshenziswa e-Sonata. Phakathi neminyaka yokukhiqiza, imoto yakhiqizwa emazingeni ayikhulu nengxenye. Ekhulwini elisha, kunenjini eyodwa evame kakhulu kunezinye ezinguqulweni ezihlukahlukene zemoto. Ukumakwa kwayo yi-G4KD. Injini ye-four-cylinder injection yomndeni wakwaTheta II yakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2005 yi-Mitsubishi / Hyundai / KIA Consortium. Ivolumu ephelele - 1998 cm3, amandla aphezulu - 165 hp. Iyunithi yakhelwe amazinga emvelo we-Euro 5.
Inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yenjini yasemkhathini ye-Magentis G4KA inezici ezimbalwa:
- i-aluminium block yamasilinda;
- ama-shaft amabili ngaphakathi kwekhanda le-cylinder (uhlelo lwe-DOHC);
- i-variable valve timing system CVVT;
- abashintshi besigaba kuma-camshafts amabili;
- insimbi yokukhipha insimbi eningi, i-polymer intake manifold.
Kodwa-ke, kukho konke ukusebenza kwayo kwesimanje nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, iyunithi ayizange igweme amaphutha amancane. Ku-1000-2000 rpm, ukudlidliza kuyabonakala, okufanele kuqedwe ngokushintsha amakhandlela. Ukuhiliza kancane lapho uhamba khona kungenxa yezinto ezingavamile zokusebenza kwephampu yamafutha. Idizili ngaphambi kokufudumeza iwukungalungi kwazo zonke izinjini ezakhiwe ngamaJapan.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imishini ehlinzekwa eYurophu isebenzisa injini yamandla aphansi (150 hp). Ukulungiswa kwe-firmware ye-ECU kwenziwa esitshalweni se-KIA Motors Slovenia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhululwa kwenziwa eKorea, eTurkey, eSlovakia naseChina. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha:
- engadini - 9,3 amalitha;
- ngaphandle kwedolobha - 5,6 amalitha;
- kuhlangene - 7,0 amalitha.
Isisetshenziswa esimenyezelwe se-motor 250 km, empeleni, siguqulwa kalula sibe izinkulungwane ezingama-300 km.
Injini ekahle yeHyundai Sonata
Kodwa umbuzo olandelayo uphakamisa impendulo esheshayo - yebo, i-G6AT. Iyunithi engu-6-cylinder emise okwe-V yahlala iminyaka engu-22 emgqeni wokuhlanganisa (1986-2008). I-clone yenjini ye-Japanese 6G72 yafakwa ngaphansi kwe-hood yezimoto zabo ngabakhiqizi bemikhiqizo ehamba phambili emhlabeni: i-Chrysler, i-Doodge, i-Mitsubishi, i-Plymouth. Ikhiqizwe emafekthri aseNingizimu Korea nase-Australia ngezinguqulo zamavalvu ayisishiyagalombili neshumi nesithupha, ine-camshaft eyodwa (SOHC) kanye (DOHC) emibili.
Ivolumu yokusebenza injini 2972 cm3. Amandla ahluka kusuka ku-160 kuya ku-200 hp. I-torque ephezulu ingu-25-270 Nm, kuya ngenguqulo yesikhungo samandla. Isikhathi sokushayela ibhande. Ukulungiswa kwe-valve ye-Manual akwenziwa, njengoba i-compensator ye-hydraulic ifakiwe. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi i-cylinder block iyinsimbi eyinsimbi, isisindo semoto sicishe sibe ngu-200 kg. Kulabo abanquma ukuthi iyiphi injini okufanele bayifake ngaphansi kwe-hood ye-Hyundai Sonata, ububi obukhulu be-G6AT ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuphezulu kukaphethiloli:
- engadini - 18,3 amalitha;
- ngaphandle kwedolobha - 10,5 amalitha;
- kuhlangene - 13,5 amalitha.
Okunye okubi ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile. Uma i-throttle ivunyelwe ukuba ingcolile, ukubukeka kwezinguquko ezintantayo akunakugwenywa. Ukugcina injini isesimweni esihle, kuyadingeka ukuyikhipha, ukufaka esikhundleni se-spark plugs nokuhlanza ama-injection.
Ukusimama kwenjini kanye nokuba khona kwezingxenye eziyisipele kusezingeni eliphezulu. Umkhiqizi umemezele insiza ye-mileage, enye yezinjini eziphakeme kakhulu, lapho abaklami baseJapane babenesandla - izinkulungwane ezingama-400 km. Eqinisweni, lesi sibalo sifinyelela ngokuthula ingxenye yesigidi ngaphandle kokulungiswa kabusha.
