Injini yeVolkswagen BZG
Okuqukethwe
I-VAG yemoto ikhathazekile ngokukhiqiza imodeli entsha yenjini enamasilinda ayi-12.
Incazelo
I-automaker yakwaVolkswagen yethule enye injini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ethole inkomba ye-BZG. Ukukhishwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-2007. Inhloso enkulu yalolu phiko ukuhlomisa izimoto ezincane zokukhathazeka.
Isisekelo somklamo kwakuyizinjini ze-VAG ezine-stroke ezine ze-VAG ezakhiwe ngaphambilini.
Injini ye-BZG ingu-1,2 litre aspirated in-line three-cylinder esebenzisa upetrol enamandla angu-70 hp. s kanye ne-torque engu-112 Nm.
Kufakwe ezimotweni zeVolkswagen Polo V, Skoda Fabia II kanye ne-Seat Ibiza IV.
I-cylinder block yenziwe nge-aluminium. Okuyenza ikhetheke ukwakheka kwayo okuyiziqephu ezimbili. Ingaphezulu liqukethe ama-cylinder liner, ngaphansi kuqukethe izisekelo ze-crankshaft kanye nendlela yokulinganisa (ibhalansi) eklanyelwe ukudambisa amandla angasebenzi we-oda lesibili (ukunciphisa amazinga okudlidliza).
Imikhono inezindonga ezincane. Yenziwe ngensimbi eyinsimbi. Izici zifaka umgomo wazo wokupholisa: ukugeleza kokupholisa kuqondile. Lesi sixazululo sobunjiniyela siqinisekisa ukupholisa okufanayo kwawo womathathu amasilinda.
I-crankshaft ifakwe ezisekelweni ezine. Ama-bearings ayinhloko (ama-liners) ayinsimbi, anezindonga ezincane ezinongqimba oluphikisana nokungqubuzana. Zifakwe efekthri yomkhiqizi futhi azikwazi ukushintshwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
Amapiston e-aluminium, anezindandatho ezintathu, amabili aphezulu ayi-compression, phansi i-oil scraper. Izikhonkwane zepiston ziwuhlobo oluntantayo, oluvikelwe ngezindandatho ezibambayo.
Ama-bottoms ane-recess ejulile, kodwa ayikusindisi ekuhlangabezaneni nama-valve uma kwenzeka ukweqa kwe-timing chain - ukugoba kwama-valve akunakugwenywa.
Izinduku zokuxhuma ziyinsimbi, i-forged, I-section.
Ikhanda lesilinda liyi-aluminium, elinama-camshaft amabili (DOHC) namavalvu ayishumi nambili. Ukulungisa igebe elishisayo akudingi ukungenelela - izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic ziphethe lo msebenzi.
Isistimu yokunikezela uphethiloli iwumjovo. Kufaka phakathi iphampu kaphethiloli (etholakala kuthangi legesi), i-throttle body, isilawuli sokucindezela uphethiloli, ama-injector kanye nemigqa yamafutha. Kuhlanganisa nesihlungi somoya.
Isistimu yokugcoba ehlanganisiwe. Iphampu kawoyela ine-chain drive yayo. Isihlungi sikawoyela sifakwe endaweni eqondile ohlangothini lwe-exhaust ehlukahlukene.
Isistimu yokupholisa evaliwe. Okuhlukile isiqondiso esivundlile sokugeleza kokupholisa. Iphampu yamanzi (ipompo) iqhutshwa yibhande le-poly-V.
I-Microprocessor ignition system. Amakhoyili e-BB ahlukene ngepulaki ye-spark ngayinye. Uhlelo lulawulwa yi-Simos 9.1 ECU.
Naphezu kokushiyeka okukhona, i-BZG ngokuvamile inezici ezinhle zejubane zangaphandle.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | i-automaker VAG |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 2007 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1198 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 70 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 112 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10.5 |
| Isilinda block | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 3 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-2-3 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 76.5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 86.9 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | uchungechunge |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | kuyinto |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Amandla wesistimu ye-smear, l | 2.8 |
| Amafutha afakwe | 5W-30, 5W-40 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | 0.5 |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo wamafutha echwebeni |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli i-AI-95 (92) |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 4 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 200 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | 81-85 |
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Umbuzo wokuthembeka kwalolu phiko awunayo impendulo evamile. Abanye abanikazi bezimoto babheka le njini njengenamandla anele, futhi ibuthaka kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaningi bathi okuphambene nalokho. Lokhu kungase kuncike ezimweni zokusebenza.
Ukuthembeka kwenjini ngokuqondile kuncike ekusebenzeni ngokucophelela.
Ukusebenza okuvamile ngesivinini esiphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-3500 rpm) kuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwamafutha, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuvinjelwa kwama-valve e-hydraulic valve. Ngenxa yalokho, izihlalo ze-valve ziyasha futhi ukucindezela kuyehla.
Lapha, ngokusekelwe umphumela wokungasebenzi kahle, kungase kuthiwe injini ayithembekile, "ephukile". Lesi siphetho asilona iqiniso, ngoba ukuwohloka kubangelwa ukusebenza okungalungile kwenjini.
Kuyamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi ipharamitha yokwethembeka yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ibonakala ngemayela layo kanye nemajini yokuphepha. Konke kuhamba kahle ngensiza. Ngokusho kolwazi olutholakalayo, ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi nokusebenza ngokucophelela, injini ingahlala kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400 ngaphandle kokucindezeleka okukhulu.
Ngemibuzo yomkhawulo wokuphepha, yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuklama (amasilinda amathathu), izinga elikhulu lokukhulisa injini alinikeziwe. Kodwa ngokumane ukhanyise kabusha i-ECU, ungakwazi ukwandisa amandla enjini ngo-10-15 amalitha.
Kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi izinga lokuhlanzwa kokukhipha lizokwehla lifike cishe ku-Euro 2. Futhi umthwalo owengeziwe ezingxenyeni zeyunithi uzoba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwabo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphuka kuzokwenzeka kaningi, futhi i-mileage izoba kancane, kodwa iyancipha nakanjani.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Ziningi izindawo eziyinkinga enjinini. Amakhoyili okuthungela adala inkinga enkulu. Ngezinye izikhathi bahluleka ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30 (ikhoyili ye-cylinder yesibili i-capricious ikakhulukazi).
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okunganele, ama-electrode e-spark plug ambozwa amadiphozithi, okubuye kube nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwekhoyili eqhumayo. Kuvela imililo engalungile (ukukhanyisa kathathu). Ngokuvamile, lesi sithombe sibonwa ngemva kokuchayeka kaningi esiminyaminyeni sezimoto noma ukushayela isikhathi eside ngesivinini esiphansi.
Ukugxuma kochungechunge lwezikhathi zokushayela. Ingozi yalesi simo ilele emhlanganweni ongenakugwemeka we-piston nama-valve. Eminye imithombo ibonisa ubude bokuphila kweketango buyi-150 XNUMX km, kodwa empeleni ilula kakhulu ngaphambili.
Iphutha lobunjiniyela ukungabikho kwesivimbo sokuhamba se-hydraulic tensioner counter-travel. Ngakho-ke, i-tensioner yenza umsebenzi wayo kuphela uma kukhona ingcindezi ohlelweni lokugcoba.
Yingakho kungafanele ushiye imoto yakho ime endaweni eyehlelayo negiya egiyeni noma uqale injini uyidonsa.
Abanikazi bezimoto abanolwazi bayeluleka ngokushintsha iketanga ngemuva kwe-70 km.
Ukwanda kokuzwela kwama-injection kanye ne-throttle valve kukhwalithi yamafutha. Bavame ukungcola ngokushesha. Ukushayela okulula kuzoxazulula inkinga.
Ukushiswa kwama-valve. Njengomthetho, le nkinga ibangelwa i-catalyst evaliwe. Isizathu futhi uphethiloli wezinga eliphansi. Isiguquli esivalekile sidala umfutho ongemuva ngokumelene namagesi e-exhaust adlula kuwo, okwenza izimo zokuthi ama-valve ashise.
Obunye ubuthakathaka benjini abuvamile ukuvela (ukwehluleka kwenzwa yokushisa epholile, ukwehluleka kwevalve yokufaka umoya ye-crankcase).
Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezinto zokugcoba kanye nokugcinwa kwenjini okufika ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukunciphisa izinkinga ezingezinhle zeyunithi.
Ukulondolozeka
Zonke izinjini ze-Vagov ezintathu-cylinder zihlukaniswa ngokugcinwa kwazo okuqondile. I-BZG injalo.
Lapho ulungisa iyunithi, ubunzima bokuqala buzovela ngokukhethwa kwezingxenye ezisele. Imakethe ihlinzekwa ngazo, kodwa hhayi zonke. Isibonelo, ama-crankshaft main bearings awatholakali ukuze athengiswe. I-shaft ifakwe efekthri futhi ayikwazi ukulungiswa. Isimo esifanayo senzeka ngeziqondiso zama-valve.
I-cylinder block iyi-aluminium, okungukuthi ayilungiseki.
Enye inkinga ukubiza okuphezulu kwezingxenye ezisele. Kulesi senzakalo, u-Alexannn-Der waseKaliningrad wabhala lokhu: “... ukulungiswa kwekhanda (ama-valve ashisiwe) ... isabelomali sokulungisa (ngamafutha amasha / apholile / umsebenzi kanye nezingxenye) cishe ama-euro angu-650 ... Lokhu kufana nokukhwabanisa okunjalo.".
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunezimo lapho injini ye-BZG ishintshiwe ngokuphelele. Izingxenye eziyisipele zakhethwa kwezinye izinjini. UStanislavskyBSK wase-Biysk wabelana ngolwazi lwakhe lokulungiswa okunjalo: “... Ngafuna uphawu lwamafutha e-crankshaft yangemuva kukhathalogi, ngathola u-95*105 ... kwabe sekungena kimi!!! Lona usayizi weToyota, osetshenziswa ezinjinini ze-1G ne-5S...".
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukulungisa injini, kungakuhle ukuthi ucabangele inketho yokuthenga injini yenkontileka. Izindleko zincike kumapharamitha amaningi: ukugqoka, ukutholakala kwezinamathiselo, i-mileage, njll.
Ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu, ukufaka i-refueling ngamafutha aqinisekisiwe kanye nezinto zokugcoba kanye nokusebenza okunengqondo, injini yeVolkswagen BZG inokwethenjelwa futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi inebanga elide.
