Injini yeVolkswagen APE
Okuqukethwe
Onjiniyela abakhathazayo bakwaVolkswagen bahlongoze iyunithi entsha yamandla, efakwe kulayini wenjini ye-EA111-1,4, okuhlanganisa i-AEX, AXP, BBY, BCA, BUD ne-CGGB.
Incazelo
Ukukhiqizwa kwenjini yeVolkswagen APE kusungulwe embonini ye-VAG ukukhathazeka kusukela ngo-Okthoba 1999.
I-APE iyinjini engu-1,4 litre kaphethiloli emgqeni oyifour-cylinder aspirated enamandla angu-75 hp. netorque engu-126 Nm.
Kufakwe ezimotweni zakwaVolkswagen:
I-cylinder block yenziwa nge-aluminium alloy.
Amapiston e-aluminium, angasindi. Zinezindandatho ezintathu, ukucindezelwa okuphezulu okubili, i-scraper yamafutha ephansi. Izikhonkwane ze-piston zohlobo oluntantayo, kusukela ekuthuthweni kwe-longitudinal, zihlanganiswe namasongo okugcina.
I-crankshaft ifakwe kuma-bearings amahlanu, yenziwe yahlanganiswa ne-cylinder block. Inesici sokuklama - asikwazi ukususwa, ngoba ukukhulula ama-caps ama-bearings ayinhloko kuholela ekuguqulweni kwe-block. Ngakho-ke, lapho i-crankshaft noma ama-bearings ayo ayinhloko egqokwa, umhlangano we-cylinder block ne-shaft uyashintshwa.
Inhloko yesilinda iyi-aluminium, inamakhamera amabili abekwe endaweni ehlukile kanye nama-valve angu-16 afakwe izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic.
Isikhathi sokushayela ibhande. Emdwebeni ongezansi, amabhande okushayela amakwe A - asizayo, B - main.
I-camshaft yokungenisa (i-inlet) iqhutshwa ibhande eliyinhloko (elikhulu) elisuka ku-crankshaft sprocket, i-camshaft yokukhipha iqhutshwa ibhande elisizayo (elincane) kusukela ekuthatheni.
Abanikazi bezimoto baqaphela impilo yesevisi ephansi yamabhande wesikhathi, ikakhulukazi elifushane. Njengomthetho, ayimelani namakhilomitha angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-30. Umkhiqizi uncoma ukushintsha amabhande njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-90, bese uwahlola ngokucophelela ngemva kokudlula izinkulungwane ezingama-30 km.
Umjovo wesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngamafutha, umjovo we-multipoint, i-Bosch Motronic ME7.5.10. Ayibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa izwela izinga likaphethiloli obaselwayo.
Isistimu yokugcoba yohlobo oluhlanganisiwe. Iphampu kawoyela wegiya, eqhutshwa ikhala le-crankshaft.
Isistimu yokuthungela i-electronic, ayithinteki ngesilawuli se-microprocessor. Amakhandlela anconyiwe - NGK BKUR 6ET-10.
Injini iyonke yaphumelela, okufakazelwa izici zayo zangaphandle,
Ukuncika kwamandla netorque enanini lokuphenduka kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi okwethulwa kugrafu.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | i-automaker VAG |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 1999 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1390 |
| Ivolumu yokusebenza yegumbi lomlilo, cm³ | 33.1 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 75 |
| Inkomba yamandla, l. s/1 l wevolumu | 54 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 126 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10.5 |
| Isilinda block | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 76.5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 75.6 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande (2) |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | kuyinto |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Amandla wesistimu yokugcoba | 3.2 |
| Amafutha afakwe | I-10W-30 |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo wamaphuzu amaningi |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-95 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 3 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 250 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | 200 * |
*ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa insiza kuze kufike ku-90 l. Nge
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Iningi labanikazi bezimoto bakhuluma kahle nge-APE futhi bayithatha njengethembekile ngesimo sokuyikhathalela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izici eziyinhloko ukuthembeka kwanoma iyiphi motor yimithombo yayo kanye nokuphepha margin.
Umkhiqizi usethe insiza ye-APE engama-250 ayizinkulungwane km. Eqinisweni, ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi, ifinyelela ku-400 ayizinkulungwane km, futhi lokhu akuwona umkhawulo.
Ezithangamini, abashayeli babelana ngemibono yabo mayelana nokuthembeka kwezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi.
Ngakho, uMax820 uyabhala: “... injini ye-APE iyi-1.4 16V evamile enezilawuli ezingavamile, okungukuthi isistimu yokulawula ye-Bosch MOTRONIC ngokwayo inobuqili, kodwa ithembekile impela. Konke kulawulwa nge-elekthronikhi, kuhlanganise ne-valve ye-throttle, i.e. ayikho ikhebula le-throttle. Okuningi ku-motronics. Ngezwa kubantu abathembekile nabahlakaniphile ukuthi unokwethenjelwa futhi akanandaba, ngokungafani no-magnetti marelli".
Futhi u-Arthur S. ugcizelela ukubaluleka kwenkonzo: “... bahlanza isihlukanisi samafutha, bashintsha umoya bafaka esibanzi, bahlanza ingxenye yesihlungi somoya - azikho izinkinga ngenjini.".
I-APE inomkhawulo obalulekile wokuphepha. Inganyuswa ifike ku-200 litres. Nge. Kodwa ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, lokhu akufanele kwenziwe. Kusukela ekucushweni, insiza ye-motor iyancipha, izinkomba zezici zobuchwepheshe ziyancipha. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukulungiswa kwe-chip okulula kunganikeza ukwanda kwamandla ka-12-15 hp. Nge.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Ukuba khona kobuthakathaka enjinini ye-APE kunqunywa kakhulu isimo sengqondo sobudedengu ngasohlangothini lwabanikazi bezimoto kanye nezinga eliphansi lamafutha asekhaya kanye nezinto zokugcoba.
Izinkinga ohlelweni lukaphethiloli zibangelwa ikakhulukazi ama-injection avaliwe kanye ne-throttle. Ukushintsha kalula lawa ma-node kuqeda zonke izinkinga.
Ukugoba kwama-valve kanye nokubhujiswa kwamapiston kwenzeka lapho ibhande lesikhathi liphuka noma ligxuma.
Umenzi wanquma insiza amabhande at 180 ayizinkulungwane km. Ngeshwa, ezimweni zethu zokusebenza, isibalo esinjalo asilona iqiniso.
Ukulamba kukawoyela kungabangela ukuvaleka kokuqala kokuthatha uwoyela. Futhi, ukuhlanza kuzolungisa inkinga.
Ukugcinwa kanzima kwenjini kubangelwa izici zayo zokuklama. Isibonelo, esikhundleni sebhande lesikhathi, kuzodingeka ukhiphe isondo langaphambili langakwesokudla, i-crankshaft pulley, isembozo se-valve futhi wenze umsebenzi omningi wokulungiselela.
Ukuqoqwa kwamafutha emithonjeni yamakhandlela kwenzeka ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwe-seal (sealant) phakathi kwe-camshaft bearing kanye nekhanda le-block.
Ukulondolozeka
Ukubuyisela iyunithi akubangeli ubunzima. Ilungiswa ngisho nasezimeni zamagaraji.
Izingxenye ezisele zingathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhethekile, noma "kusesibili". Kodwa akufanelekile ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zokuhlukanisa, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukucacisa impilo esele yengxenye.
Lapho kulungiswa, kusetshenziswa amathuluzi amaningi akhethekile nezakhiwo. Izingcweti zithola indlela yokunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga cishe ezilahlwayo, ngesikhathi esifanayo hhayi amagajethi adingekayo ashibhile.
Ku-inthanethi ungathola izinto eziningi eziwusizo ezenziwe ekhaya ezisetshenziswa ekulungiseni injini.
Esinye sezixazululo ezihlukile endabeni yokulungiswa kabusha kwe-APE kungaba ukuthengwa kwenjini yenkontileka. Le nketho kwesinye isikhathi iba ishibhile kakhulu, efanelekile kubashayeli abaningi namuhla.
Izindleko zenkontileka ye-ICE incike ezintweni eziningi futhi ifinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40-100, kanti ukulungiswa kweyunithi kuzobiza ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-70-80.
Injini yeVolkswagen APE iyiyunithi elula, ethembekile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside futhi enamathela ngokuqinile kuzo zonke izincomo zomkhiqizi ngokulungiswa nokusebenza kwayo.
