Injini ye-VAZ-21081
Okuqukethwe
Ukuhlomisa izinguqulo zokuthekelisa zamamodeli we-VAZ, kwakhiwe iyunithi yamandla ekhethekile. Umehluko omkhulu bekuwumthamo wokusebenza oncishisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusekelwe ezifisweni zomthengi, amandla enjini ancishiswa kancane.
Incazelo
Amanye amazwe aseYurophu abeka izintela ezincishisiwe kubanikazi bezimoto ezinenjini encane. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, onjiniyela benjini ye-AvtoVAZ baklama futhi bafaka ngempumelelo ekukhiqizeni injini encane, eyathola ukuguqulwa kwe-VAZ-21081.
Esinye isisusa sokwenza injini enjalo yangaphakathi evuthayo kwaba ukuthi abantu bangaphandle abahlakaniphile babekujabulela ukuthenga izimoto ezinenjini enamandla aphansi kulabo abasanda kuqala ukufunda izinto eziyisisekelo zokushayela.
Ngo-1984, injini yangaphakathi evuthayo yaqala ukufakwa ku-VAZ 2108 Lada Samara. Ukukhiqizwa kwenjini kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1996.
Vaz-21081 - uphethiloli in-line ezine-cylinder aspirated injini umthamo 1,1 amalitha, umthamo 54 amalitha. nge-torque engu-79 Nm.
Kufakwe ezimotweni ze-VAZ:
- 2108 (1987-1996);
- 2109 (1987-1996);
- 21099 (1990-1996).
I-cylinder block iyinsimbi ekhonjiwe, ayilayishiwe. Ihlukile ku-base motor ukuphakama - iphansi ngo-5,6 mm.
I-crankshaft nayo ingeyokuqala. Ibanga phakathi kwezimbazo zamajenali enduku eyinhloko kanye neyokuxhuma lincishiswe ngo-5,2 mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yembobo yokugcoba iyahluka. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-VAZ-2108, i-VAZ-21081 ishintshela kolunye uhlangothi.
Ikhanda lesilinda lifana nekhanda lemodeli yesisekelo. Umehluko kuphela imbobo eyengeziwe yokunamathisela iphinikhodi ye-timing belt tension roller.
Ngamanye amazwi, i-cylinder head ifaneleka ngokulinganayo ezinjinini ezingu-1,1 no-1,3 cm³.
I-camshaft inesimo sayo sesakhiwo, njengoba i-cylinder block "ephansi" idinga ukuguqulwa kwesikhathi se-valve uma kuqhathaniswa ne-VAZ-2108. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, amakhamera ku-VAZ-21081 shaft atholakala ngendlela ehlukile.
Ububanzi bejethi likaphethiloli ku-carburetor bushintshiwe.
Isistimu ye-exhaust yahlala ifana ngaphandle kwe-multifold exhaust.
Umsabalalisi-ukusabalalisa unezici ezintsha zezilawuli zesikhathi sokuvutha kwe-centrifugal kanye ne-vacuum, njengoba isikhathi sokuqala sokubasa sishintshile.
Izingxenye ezisele kanye izingxenye ziyefana Vaz-2108.
Ngokuvamile, injini ye-VAZ-21081 ihambisana nezinhlelo zonjiniyela ngokuvumelana nemingcele enikeziwe futhi yaba yimpumelelo kakhulu, naphezu kwamandla aphansi kanye ne-torque ephansi. Umthandi wezimoto waseRussia uyajabula ukuthi le njini ayizange isetshenziswe kabanzi ezweni lakithi, ngoba yayithunyelwa kakhulu kwamanye amazwe.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Autoconcern "AvtoVAZ" |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 1984 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1100 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 54 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 79 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 9 |
| Isilinda block | Insimbi |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 76 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 60.6 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 2 |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | akukho |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l | 3.5 |
| Amafutha afakwe | 5W-30 – 15W-40 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | 0.5 |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | carburetor |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-92 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 0 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 125 |
| Isisindo kg | 92 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | 65 * |
*injini cishe ayikulungele ukushuna
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
I-VAZ-21081 iphawulwa ngabanikazi bezimoto njengeyunithi yamandla ethembekile. Isibonelo, omunye wabo (SEVER2603) uyabhala: “... ngishayela 1,1. I-mileage iyizinkulungwane ezingu-150, futhi isakhipha idatha yepasipoti ..." I-Dimonchikk1 inombono ofanayo: “...umngane une-1,1, egijima amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-250 ngaphambi kokulungisa. Mayelana ne-dynamics, ayizange isale ngemuva kwe-1,3 yami ifike ku-120 km/h, yabe isinyamalala...".
Ukuthembeka kwemoto kunqunywa izici eziningana. Okokuqala, i-VAZ-21081 yakhelwe futhi yakhiqizwa kuphela ukuthekelisa.
Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kwenziwa ngokucophelela, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini zemakethe yasekhaya. Okwesibili, isici sokudlula impilo yamakhilomitha sidlala indima ebalulekile. Ngamakhilomitha ayi-125 ayizinkulungwane ezimenyezelwe umenzi, injini ezandleni ezinakekelayo ingakwazi ukunakekela kalula i-250-300 km eyizinkulungwane.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, izimfanelo eziphansi zokudonsa zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ziyaphawulwa. Njengoba abanye abathanda izimoto besho, “... injini ibuthakathaka futhi ayinyakazi" Ngokusobala bakhohlwe (noma babengazi) ukuthi yiziphi izimo zokusebenza le moto eyakhiwe.
Isiphetho esijwayelekile: i-VAZ-21081 iyinjini enokwethenjelwa, ngaphansi kwemithetho yesondlo nokusebenza ngokucophelela.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Kunezimo eziningana eziyinkinga ekusebenzeni kwe-VAZ-21081. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezinye zazo zidalwe yiphutha labanikazi bezimoto uqobo.
- Amathuba okushisa kwenjini. Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi simo - i-thermostat engalungile kanye nokuhlukana kwefeni yesistimu yokupholisa. Umsebenzi womnikazi wemoto ukuqaphela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa elipholile ngesikhathi bese eqeda imbangela yokushisa ngokweqile.
- Ukungqongqoza okukhulu kwenjini egijimayo. Ezimweni eziningi, ziwumphumela wama-valve angalungisiwe noma ukugcwalisa uphethiloli osezingeni eliphansi.
- Isivinini senjini esingazinzile. Umthombo wenkinga i-carburetor engcolile. Ngokungafani ne-Ozone, i-Solex idinga ukulungiswa futhi ihlanzwe kaningi.
- Injini iqhuma. Isizathu kumele siqale sifunwe esimweni semishini kagesi. Izintambo ezinamandla amakhulu, ama-spark plug kanye nesivalo sokusabalalisa kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile.
- Isidingo sokulungisa ngesandla imvume yokushisa yama-valve.
- Ukuguqulwa kwama-valve lapho uhlangana nama-pistons ngenxa yebhande lesikhathi eliphukile.
Amanye amaphutha awabucayi futhi ayenzeka njalo.
Noma yimuphi umnikazi wemoto angakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuzimela umthelela omubi wamaphuzu abuthakathaka enjini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuqapha isimo sobuchwepheshe beyunithi kaningi futhi ususe ngokushesha noma yimaphi amaphutha atholiwe.
Ngokuya ngolwazi namandla omuntu othanda imoto, zenzele wena, noma uphendukele osizweni lochwepheshe besevisi yemoto.
Ukulondolozeka
I-VAZ-21081 inokugcinwa okuphezulu ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwayo okubanzi nenguqulo eyisisekelo yenjini, ubulula bedivayisi kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele zokubuyiselwa.
I-cast iron cylinder block inamandla okwenza izinguquko ezinkulu eziningana ngokugcwele.
Lapho ukhetha izingxenye ezisele zokubuyisela iyunithi, udinga ukunaka ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthenga inkohliso eqondile. I-motor ingalungiswa kahle kuphela ngezingxenye zokuqala nezingxenye.
Ngaphambi komsebenzi wokubuyisela, kufanele ucabangele ukuthenga injini yenkontileka. Izindleko aziphezulu, kuye ngokucushwa kanye nonyaka wokukhiqiza. Intengo isukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-10.
Injini ye-VAZ-21081 iyiyunithi enokwethenjelwa neyonga enokugcinwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokusebenza okuthulile. Yaziswa abahola impesheni bakwamanye amazwe ngentengo yayo ephansi yenkontileka nokubekezela.
