Injini ye-VAZ 2103: izici, ukushintshwa kwama-analogues, ukungasebenzi kahle nokulungiswa

Injini ye-VAZ 2103 idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngenxa yokuthandwa kwayo phakathi kwezimoto zakudala. Le yunithi yamandla ayizange ifakwe kuphela kumodeli yayo yendabuko, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izinguquko zeZhiguli.

Yiziphi izinjini ifakwe Vaz 2103

Isitshalo samandla i-VAZ 2103 siyimodeli yakudala efakwe kulayini wezinjini ze-AvtoVAZ OJSC. Lena inguqulo yesimanje FIAT-124 iyunithi, ithuthukiswe onjiniyela basekhaya engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Izinguquko zithinte ibanga le-camshaft ne-inter-cylinder.

Ukulungiswa kwenjini ye-FIAT-124 kwenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu, ngoba esikhathini esizayo ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwe-serial akuzange kume amashumi eminyaka. Yiqiniso, kwenziwa kabusha ukulungiswa, kodwa umgogodla we-motor wahlala ufana. Isici senjini ye-VAZ 2103 ukuthi shaft yayo yesikhathi iqhutshwa ngamaketanga, hhayi ibhande.

Iyunithi yamandla engu-1,5 litre ingeyesithathu kwezine izizukulwane zakudala. Lona indlalifa izinjini 1,2 litre Vaz 2101 futhi 1,3 litre VAZ 21011. Yandulela ukudalwa enamandla 1,6-litre Vaz 2106 iyunithi kanye izinjini umjovo yesimanje ngaphezulu for front-wheel drive izimoto. Zonke izinguquko injini Vaz 2103 zazihlukaniswa ngcono amakhono lobuchwepheshe.

I-VAZ 2103 yavela ngo-1972 futhi yaba imodeli yokuqala yeZhiguli enamehlo amane. Mhlawumbe lokhu kwaba isizathu ukuhlomisa imoto iyunithi entsha futhi enamandla, ukuthuthukisa 71 hp. Nge. Kwakubizwa ngokufanele ukuthi injini "esindayo" yesikhathi sayo - ngisho ne-mileage eyizinkulungwane ezingu-250 km ayizange ibe nomphumela olimazayo uma umshayeli ehambisana nemithetho yefekthri yokusebenza nokunakekelwa. Insiza evamile yalesi motor kwaba amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane 125.

I-powertrain engu-1,5 litre ingeyesithathu kwezine izizukulwane zakudala

Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kweyunithi yamandla ye-VAZ 2103 kubonakala ngokushesha ezicini zokuklama. I-motor ifakwe i-cylinder block ehlukile - wonke 215,9 mm esikhundleni sika-207,1 mm. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhuphula umthamo wokusebenza ube amalitha angu-1,5 nokufaka i-crankshaft ene-piston stroke eyengeziwe.

I-camshaft iqhutshwa yiketango ngaphandle kwe-tensioner. Ayinikeziwe, ngakho-ke ukungezwani kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe njalo.

Ezinye izici.

1. Ukucaciswa kwe-valve kungaphansi kokulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba isikhathi asifakelwe izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic.
2. I-cylinder block iyinsimbi ekhonjiwe, ikhanda liphonswa ku-aluminium alloy.
3. I-camshaft iyinsimbi, inesici - intamo eluhlaza engu-1 enobuso obuyisithupha.
4. Ngokuhambisana nayo, kungaba i-carburetor ene-VROZ (i-vacuum ignition regulator) noma uhlelo lomjovo lusebenza, kodwa ngesikhathi esihambisanayo - ukuklanywa kwekhanda le-cylinder kushintshiwe.
5. Iphampu yokugcoba itholakala ku-crankcase.

Amakhono obuchwepheshe enjini ami kanje:

• ububanzi be-cylinder bubuyiselwe kunani lika-76 mm;
• i-piston stroke ikhuphuke ngo-14 mm;
• Ukususwa kwenjini ngamasentimitha ayi-cubic kwalingana no-1452 cubic metres. cm;
• ama-valve amabili asebenza ngesilinda ngasinye;
• injini inikwa amandla uphethiloli nge octane isilinganiso AI-92 nangaphezulu;
• uwoyela isetshenziswa ngaphakathi 5W-30 / 15W-40, ukusetshenziswa yayo 700g / 1000 km.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi okwalandela injini Vaz 2106 kakade wathola amasilinda nge ububanzi anda 79 mm.

Amapistoni

Izakhi zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi i-VAZ 2103 zenziwe nge-aluminium, ziyi-oval esigabeni. Usayizi wepiston mncane phezulu kunangaphansi. Lokhu kuchaza okungavamile kokulinganisa - kwenziwa kuphela endizeni ehambisana nephini le-piston futhi itholakala ebangeni elingama-52,4 mm ukusuka phansi.

Ngokusho ububanzi yangaphandle Vaz 2103 pistons zihlukaniswa 5, njalo 0,01 mm. Zihlukaniswe izigaba ezi-3 ngo-0,004 mm ngokobubanzi bomgodi womunwe. Yonke idatha kumadiamitha e-piston ingabukwa phansi kwesici - phansi.

Kuyunithi yamandla ye-VAZ 2103, uhlobo lwepiston olunobubanzi obungu-76 mm ngaphandle kwenotshi lufanelekile.. Kodwa izinjini Vaz 2106 futhi 21011 lesi sibalo 79, piston nge notch.

I-piston enobubanzi obungu-76 mm ngaphandle kokuphumula kweyunithi yamandla i-VAZ 2103

I-Crankshaft

I-VAZ 2103 crankshaft yenziwe ngezinto ezinamandla kakhulu futhi inezintamo eziyisishiyagalolunye. Zonke izintamo ziqiniswe kahle zaba ukujula okungama-2-3 mm. I-crankshaft inesokhethi ekhethekile yokufaka i-bearing.

Amalunga entamo ahanjiswa. Bahambisa amafutha kuma-bearings. Iziteshi zixhunywe ngamakepisi acindezelwe ukuze athembeke ngamaphuzu amathathu.

I-crankshaft ye-VAZ 2103 ifana ne-VAZ 2106, kodwa ihluke kumayunithi we-ICE "penny" kanye nemodeli yeshumi nanye ngobukhulu be-crank. Eyokugcina inyuswe ngo-7 mm.

Ubukhulu bamandandatho angamahhafu namajenali e-crankshaft.

1. Amasongo awuhhafu angu-2,31–2,36 kanye nogqinsi luka-2,437–2,487 mm.
2. Izintamo zabomdabu: 50,545–0,02; 50,295–0,01; 49,795–0,002 mm.
3. Amajenali wenduku yokuxhuma: 47,584–0,02; 47,334–0,02; 47,084–0,02; 46,834–0,02 mm.

Flywheel

Ingxenye iyinsimbi ephonswe ngegiya lensimbi lensimbi, elifakwe ekuxhumaneni negiya lokuqalisa. Ukucindezela umqhele - ngendlela eshisayo. Amazinyo aqiniswe ngokuphelele amaza omoya.

I-flywheel iboshwe ngamabhawodi ayisi-6 azikhiyayo. Indawo yama-latches inezindawo ezimbili kuphela ngokusho kwamamaki. I-centering ye-flywheel ne-crankshaft yenziwa nge-bearing yangaphambili ye-gearbox input shaft.

Ithebula: izici zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko.

Umthamo wenjini	I-1450 cm3
Amandla	75 h.p.
I-Torque	104/3400 nm
Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi	I-ONS
Inani lamasilinda	4
Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye	2
Ububanzi besilinda	76 mm
Ukushaya kwesibhamu	80 mm
Isilinganiso sokucindezela	8.5

Iyiphi injini engafakwa ku-VAZ 2103 esikhundleni sejwayelekile

Izimoto zasekhaya zinhle ngoba, ngesabelomali esanele, kuzokwazi ukusebenzisa cishe noma iyiphi iphrojekthi ecatshangelwe. Noma ufaka injini ngo-gearbox abukho ubunzima obuthile. Ngakho, cishe noma iyiphi iyunithi amandla kufanelekile Vaz 2103. Into esemqoka ukuthi kufanele ilingane ngosayizi.

Injini yokujikeleza

Kuze kube isikhathi esithile, kuphela amabutho akhethekile amaphoyisa kanye KGB "ayehlome" ngezimoto izinjini ezinjalo. Nokho, abathanda Tuning e-USSR, izingcweti, bathola futhi bafaka rotary piston injini (RPD) ku-VAZ 2103 yabo.

I-RPD ifakwa kalula kunoma iyiphi imoto ye-VAZ. Uya "Moskvich" futhi "Volga" enguqulweni yezigaba ezintathu.

Injini ye-rotary piston ifakwa kalula kunoma iyiphi imoto ye-VAZ

Injini kadizili

Idizili ifakwe i-VAZ 2103 gearbox ejwayelekile esebenzisa ipuleti ye-adaptha, nakuba izilinganiso zamagiya azifaneleki nhlobo.

1. Ukushayela nge-diesel Volkswagen Jetta Mk3 ngeke kube ntofontofo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kuka-70-80 km / h.
2. Inketho engcono kancane eneyunithi yedizili yakwaFord Sierra. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ushintshe ukwakheka komhubhe, ufake i-BMW gearbox futhi wenze ezinye izinguquko.

Izimoto ezivela ezimotweni zakwamanye amazwe

Ngokuvamile, izinjini ezenziwe angaphandle zase futhi ngokuvamile efakwe Vaz 2103. Yiqiniso, kulesi simo akunakwenzeka ukugwema izinguquko ezengeziwe.

1. Injini edume kakhulu ngeyeFiat Argenta 2.0i. Cishe isigamu sabanikazi bama-"triples" ashuniwe bafake lezi zinjini. Azikho izinkinga ngokufaka ukufakwa, noma kunjalo, injini indala kakhulu, okungenakwenzeka ukujabulisa umnikazi wayo.
2. Izinjini ezivela ku-BMW M10, M20 noma M40 nazo zifanelekile. Kufanele siqedele ama-rack, sigaye i-flywheel bese sishintsha ama-axles.
3. Izimoto zakwaRenault Logan neMitsubishi Galant zinconywa ngabadwebi, kodwa kulezi zimo kufanele ushintshe u-gearbox.
4. Futhi, mhlawumbe, inketho engcono kakhulu isitshalo samandla esivela kuVolkswagen 2.0i 2E. Yiqiniso, injini enjalo ayishibhile.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini ye-VAZ 2103

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezitholakala enjinini:

• amafutha "zhor" amakhulu;
• ukwethulwa okunzima;
• ama-rev antantayo noma ukuma ngokungenzi lutho.

Konke lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kuhlotshaniswa nezizathu ezahlukahlukene, okuzoxoxwa ngakho ngezansi.

Injini ishisa kakhulu

Ochwepheshe babiza imbangela eyinhloko yokushisa kokufakwa kwenjini ukungabi khona kwesiqandisi ohlelweni. Ngokwemithetho, ngaphambi kokushiya igaraji, umshayeli uphoqelekile ukuthi ahlole izinga lawo wonke amanzi obuchwepheshe njalo. Kodwa akubona bonke abakwenzayo lokhu, bese bayamangala lapho bezithola benenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi “ebilisiwe” eceleni.

Ukushisa kwenjini kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesiqandisi ohlelweni

I-antifreeze ingase ivuze ohlelweni. Kulokhu, kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle - ukwephulwa kobuqotho besistimu yokupholisa. Amabala avimbela ukuqhwalela phansi egalaji okwakumi kulo imoto abonisa ngokuqondile ukuvuza kumnikazi. Kubalulekile ukuyiqeda ngesikhathi esifanele, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube neconsi le-liquid elizohlala ku-tank kanye nesistimu.

Izizathu zokuputshuka zimi kanje.

1. Imvamisa, ukuvuza kwesiqandisi ngenxa yezinsimbi zepayipi eziqiniswe ngokwanele. Isimo sibi kakhulu uma i-clamp iyinsimbi futhi isika ipayipi lerabha. Kulokhu, kufanele ushintshe yonke ingxenye yokuxhumana.
2. Kwenzeka futhi ukuthi i-radiator iqala ukuvuza. Kunengqondo kakhulu esimweni esinjalo ukushintsha isici, nakuba imifantu emincane ilungiswa.
3. I-antifreeze ingena ku-gasket. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu, ngoba uketshezi luzongena ngaphakathi kwenjini, futhi umnikazi wemoto ngeke aqaphele noma yikuphi ukuqhuma. Kuzokwazi ukucacisa "i-hemorrhage yangaphakathi" yesistimu kuphela ngokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwesiqandisi nokuguqula umbala wayo "ikhofi ngobisi".

Esinye isizathu sokushisa ngokweqile kwe-motor yi-fan ye-radiator engasebenzi. Ku-VAZ 2103, ikhwalithi yokupholisa ngama-blade enjini ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuntenga okuncane ebhandeni lokushayela kulithinta kabi. Kodwa lesi akusona isizathu kuphela sokuthi i-elementi iphume.

1. I-fan ingamane yonakale - ishise.
2. I-fuse ebhekele isekethe kagesi ayisebenzi.
3. Oxhumana nabo kumatheminali abalandeli bafakwa i-oxidized.

Okokugcina, ukushisisa ngokweqile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwe-thermostat.

Injini ingqongqoza

Ku-VAZ 2103 injini ingqongqoza inqunywa ngaphandle kwemishini ekhethekile, ngendlebe. Kuthathwa isigxobo sokhuni esingamamitha angu-1, okuthi ekugcineni sisetshenziswe kumotho engxenyeni ehlolwayo. Olunye uhlangothi lwesigxobo kufanele luboshwe ngesibhakela futhi lulethwe endlebeni. Kubukeka njenge-stethoscope.

1. Uma ukungqongqoza kuzwakala endaweni yesixhumi esine-sump kawoyela, kuyisithulu, futhi imvamisa incike ku-amplitude yokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft - lezi zigqoko eziyinhloko ze-crankshaft ezingqongqozayo.
2. Uma umsindo uzwakala ngenhla kwesixhumi se-crankcase, uyanda njengoba isivinini senjini sikhula - lokhu kuwukungqongqoza kwama- rod bearings. Umsindo uzokhula kakhulu njengoba ama-spark plug ecishwa ngamunye ngamunye.
3. Uma umsindo uvela endaweni yamasilinda futhi uzwakala kangcono ngesivinini esiphansi senjini, kanye nangaphansi komthwalo, ama-pistons ashaya isilinda.
4. Ukungqongqoza endaweni yekhanda lapho i-accelerator pedal icindezelwa kakhulu kukhombisa izidleke zepiston ezigugile.

Injini yomusi i-VAZ 2103

Njengomthetho, ngesikhathi esifanayo nomusi, injini idla amafutha. Ingase ibe grey ngombala, ikhule ngesivinini esikhulayo sokungenzi lutho. Isizathu sihlobene nezindandatho ze-oil scraper ezidinga ukushintshwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi elinye lamakhandlela alisebenzi.

Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwe-gasket, ukuqiniswa okunganele kwama-bolts ekhanda le-block. Kumamotho amadala, ukuqhekeka kwekhanda lebhulokhi kungenzeka.

Injini ye-Troit

Inkulumo ethi "injini troit" isho ukuthi isilinda esisodwa noma ngaphezulu awasebenzi. Isikhungo samandla asikwazi ukuthuthukisa amandla aphelele futhi asinawo amandla okudonsa adingekayo - ngokufanele, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyanda.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokukhubeka yilezi: ama-spark plugs anephutha, isikhathi sokushisa esisethwe ngendlela engafanele, ukulahlekelwa ukuminyana endaweni ehlukahlukene yokudla, njll.

Ukuma kwenjini kubangelwe isikhathi sokubasa esisethwe ngokungalungile.

Ukulungiswa kwenjini

Indlela elula yokulungisa isikhungo sikagesi ukufaka izinto ezisetshenziswayo esikhundleni. Kodwa-ke, ukubuyiselwa kwangempela kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kuhilela ukususwa kwayo, ukuhlakazwa nokufakwa okulandelayo.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenza, kubalulekile ukulungisa amathuluzi afanele.

1. Isethi yokhiye nama-screwdrivers.
2. Mandrel for centering the clutch disc.
3. Ithuluzi elikhethekile lokususa isihlungi samafutha.
   

   Umdonsi wokuhlunga uwoyela
4. Ukhiye okhethekile wokuskrola i-ratchet.
5. Umdonsi wokudiliza i-crankshaft sprocket.
6. Umaka wokumaka izinti zokuxhuma namalayini.

Indlela ukususa injini

I-algorithm yesenzo.

1. Nqamula amatheminali ebhethrini.
   

   Kubalulekile ukukhipha amatheminali ebhethri ngaphambi kokukhipha injini
2. Donsa ikhava ye-hood - nakanjani, izophazamisa.
3. Khipha zonke iziqandisi ohlelweni.
4. Susa ukuchaphaza.
5. Susa isiqalisi kanye nerediyetha.
   

   Isiqalisi kuzodingeka sisuswe.
6. Nqamula ipayipi elikhipha amanzi eliningi eliningi.
7. Nqamula u-gearbox kanye ne-pressure plate kanye ne-asembly eshayelwa.
8. Khipha isihlungi somoya se-carburetor, unqamule izinti zomswakama.
9. Susa wonke amapayipi asele.

Manje kuzodingeka ulungiselele ukuvikelwa komzimba - faka ibhulokhi yokhuni phakathi kwemoto nomzimba. Uzoqinisekisa umonakalo ongenzeka.

Ngokuqhubekayo.

1. Nqamula ipayipi likaphethiloli.
2. Nqamula izintambo zejeneretha.
3. Khulula izigcina-pad.
4. Gcoba injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngezihlilingi, thatha injini uye eceleni nangemuva, susa ibha.
5. Phakamisa ukufakwa kwenjini bese uyisusa ku-hood.
   

   Ukukhipha injini kuhle kakhulu ukwenza nozakwethu

Ukushintsha ama-earbud

Amapuleti amancane ayindilinga ensimbi, futhi ayizibambi zamabheringi.

Ama-liner awakwazi ukulungiswa, njengoba anosayizi ocacile. Kudingekile ukushintsha izingxenye ngenxa yokugqoka ngokomzimba, kusukela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izindawo ezingaphezulu ziphela, kuvela i-backlash, okubalulekile ukuyiqeda ngesikhathi esifanele. Esinye isizathu sokushintshwa ukushintshwa kwama-liner.

Ama-earbud awakwazi ukulungiswa njengoba anosayizi ohlukile

Esikhundleni samasongo e-piston

Yonke inqubo yokushintsha izindandatho ze-piston yehlela ezinyathelweni ezintathu:

• ukususwa kwezinamathiselo kanye nekhanda le-cylinder;
• ukuhlola isimo seqembu le-piston;
• ukufaka izindandatho ezintsha.

Ngodonsa, ukususa izindandatho ezindala ku-piston ngeke kubangele ubunzima. Uma lingekho ithuluzi, ungazama ukuvula indandatho nge-screwdriver encane futhi uyisuse. Okokuqala, indandatho ye-oil scraper iyasuswa, bese kuba indandatho yokucindezela.

Kulula ukususa izindandatho ezindala ku-piston usebenzisa i-puller

Kuyadingeka ukufaka izindandatho ezintsha usebenzisa i-mandrel ekhethekile noma i-crimp. Namuhla zithengiswa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimoto.

Ukulungisa iphampu kawoyela

Iphampu kawoyela iyunithi ebaluleke kakhulu yesistimu yokugcoba injini ye-VAZ 2103. Ngosizo lwayo, i-lubricant ikhishwa ku-crankcase kuzo zonke iziteshi. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuhluleka kwephampu ukwehla kwengcindezi, futhi imbangela iyisamukeli samafutha esivalekile kanye ne-crankcase evalekile.

Ukulungiswa kwephampu kawoyela kwehla ekukhipheni uwoyela, ukususa ipani nokugeza isamukeli samafutha. Phakathi kwezinye izimbangela zokuhluleka komhlangano, ukuwohloka kwezindlu zepompo kuyahlukaniswa. Ukubuyisela ingxenye, amathuluzi akhethekile asetshenziswa, njenge-screwdriver yomthelela, i-soldering iron, isethi yama-wrenches kanye ne-screwdriver.

Ividiyo: mayelana nokulungiswa kwenjini ye-VAZ 2103

Ukulungiswa kwenjini ye-VAZ 2103 ngemuva kokungqongqoza

Injini ye-VAZ 2103 kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo kubhekwa njengenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ekilasini. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zidinga ukulungiswa nokushintshwa kwezingxenye.