Injini ye-Opel A16LET
Okuqukethwe
Onjiniyela baseJalimane be-Opel corporation ngesikhathi esisodwa basungula futhi bafaka ekukhiqizeni injini enhle ye-Z16LET. Kodwa, njengoba kwavela, "ayizange ingene" ezidingweni ezikhulayo zemvelo. Ngenxa yokuguqulwa, kwashintshwa iyunithi entsha yamandla, imingcele yayo ehlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso zesikhathi samanje.
Incazelo
Injini ye-A16LET iyi-inline four-cylinder turbocharged petrol power unit. Amandla ayengu-180 hp. nomthamo 1,6 amalitha. Idalwe futhi yasetshenziswa ngo-2006. Izimoto zakwa-Opel Astra zithole ukubhaliswa okukhulu.
Injini ye-A16LET yafakwa ezimotweni ze-Opel:
I-cylinder block yenziwe ngensimbi ekhethekile. Izigqoko ezithwalayo eziyinhloko azishintsheki (ezenziwe ziphelele nge-block). Amasilinda abhorekile emzimbeni webhulokhi.
Ikhanda lesilinda lifakwe ku-aluminium alloy. Kukhona ama-camshaft amabili kuwo. Ngaphakathi ekhanda kunezihlalo zamavalvu ezifakwe ngokucindezela neziqondiso.
Ama-camshaft anama-rotor okuvumelanisa futhi enziwe ngensimbi ephonswe yamandla aphezulu.
I-crankshaft iyinsimbi, yenziwe ngomgunyathi.
Ama-pistons ajwayelekile, anezindandatho ezimbili zokucindezelwa kanye nendandatho eyodwa ye-oil scraper. Izansi zigcotshwe ngamafutha. Lesi sixazululo sisiza ukuxazulula izinkinga ezimbili ezibalulekile: ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokususa ukushisa emzimbeni wepiston.
Isistimu yokugcoba ehlanganisiwe. Izingxenye ezilayishiwe zigcotshwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ezinye ngokufafaza.
Isistimu yokungenisa umoya ye-crankcase evaliwe. Alinakho ukuxhumana okuqondile nomkhathi. Lokhu kusiza ukulondoloza izici zokugcoba zamafutha futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ukuphuma kwemikhiqizo evuthayo eyingozi emkhathini.
Isistimu yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenjini futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo isiza ukunciphisa ubuthi bamagesi akhishiwe.
Injini ifakwe i-VIS system (i-variable intake manifold geometry). Iphinde yakhelwe ukwandisa amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyingozi ekuphumeni. Injini ifakwe uhlelo lwe-Twin Port, oluhlinzeka ngophethiloli wonga ngaphezu kuka-6%.
Isistimu ehlukahlukene yokuthatha ubude obuguquguqukayo ifakwa kuphela ezinjinini ezine-turbocharged (ezinjinini ezishisekela ngokwemvelo, kusetshenziswa isistimu ehlukahlukene yobude obuguquguqukayo).
Isistimu yokunikezela uphethiloli iyi-injector, enomjovo kaphethiloli olawulwa nge-elekthronikhi.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Isitshalo Szentgotthard |
|---|---|
| Ivolumu yenjini, cm³ | 1598 |
| Amandla, hp | 180 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 230 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 8,8 |
| Isilinda block | Insimbi |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 79 |
| Ukuhleleka kwamasilinda | 1-3-4-2 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 81,5 |
| Amasilinda ngesilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | akukho |
| I-Turbocharging | i-turbine KKK K03 |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | I-DCCP |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo wembobo |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-95 |
| Spark plugs | I-NGK ZFR6BP-G |
| Isistimu yokugcoba, ilitha | 4,5 |
| Isimiso se-ecology | Euro 5 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 250 |
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ngaphezu kwezici kuzoba yizici ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho umqondo wanoma iyiphi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngeke ube nenhloso ngokuphelele.
Ukuthembeka
Akekho ongabaza ukwethembeka kwenjini. Lona umbono hhayi kuphela abanikazi izimoto injini enjalo, kodwa futhi Mechanics izikhungo service imoto. Iningi labathandi bezimoto ekubuyekezweni kwabo ligcizelela "ukungabhubhi" kwenjini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, banake iqiniso lokuthi isici esinjalo sihambisana neqiniso kuphela ngesimo sengqondo esifanele kuso.
Kunconywa ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukunciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo sokugcinwa njalo. Izinga eliphansi likaphethiloli, ngisho naseziteshini zikaphethiloli zikahulumeni, alifaki isandla ekusebenzeni isikhathi eside nokungenasici. Uhlelo lokugcoba ludinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ukushintsha izinhlobo (izinhlobo) zamafutha anconywe umenzi ngama-analogue ashibhile njalo kuholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile.
Ukwandisa impilo yenjini, abathandi bezimoto abanolwazi batusa ukushintsha uwoyela hhayi njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15, kodwa kabili kaningi. Ibhande lesikhathi kufanele lishintshwe ngemva kwezinkulungwane eziyi-150 km. Kodwa kuyoba usizo kakhulu uma lokhu kusebenza kwenziwa ngaphambili. Lesi simo sengqondo mayelana nenjini sidala izimo zokusebenza kwayo okuthembekile, okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi okungenasici.
Ngokuvamile, injini ye-A16LET ayimbi, uma uthela uwoyela omuhle futhi uqaphe izinga layo, ugcwalise uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi ungashayeli kakhulu, khona-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga futhi injini izokusebenzela isikhathi eside. .
Ukubuyekezwa kwelungu lesithangami u-Nikolai waseKrasnoyarsk kuqinisekisa lokho okushiwo:
Ukuthembeka kweyunithi kugcizelelwa nawukuthi izinguquko ezimbili ezengeziwe zenzelwe inguqulo yayo - inguqulo yezemidlalo (A16LER) enamandla angu-192 hp, kanye ne-derated eyodwa (A16LEL), i-150 hp, ngokulandelana.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Injini ngayinye inamaphuzu ayo abuthakathaka. Ziyatholakala futhi ku-A16LET. Mhlawumbe okuvame kakhulu ukuvuza kwamafutha ku-gasket yekhava ye-valve. Ngendlela, zonke izinjini ze-Opel zingenwa yilesi sifo. Ukungasebenzi kahle akujabulisi, kodwa akubalulekile. Ingaqedwa ngokuqinisa izibophelelo zekhava noma ukufaka esikhundleni se-gasket.
Ama-piston ayebhekwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ehlukana. Kunzima ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kunenkinga efektri noma umphumela wokusebenza okungalungile kwenjini. Kodwa ukwahlulela ngezici eziningana, okungukuthi, inkinga ithinte ingxenye encane yezinjini, ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzeka kuphela kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100, iziphetho zokuqala zingafinyelelwa.
Imbangela okungenzeka kakhulu yokwehluleka kwepiston ukusebenza kwenjini okungafanele. Ukushayela ngamandla, izinga eliphansi likaphethiloli nezinto zokugcoba, kanye nokugcinwa kungakabi yisikhathi kunomthelela ekwenzekani kokungasebenzi kahle okubangela ukundindizela kwenjini. Kanye ne-detonation, kungase kubangele hhayi kuphela ukuwa kwamapiston.
Lapho injini ishisa ngokweqile, kwavela imifantu ezungeze izihlalo zamavalvu. Kulokhu, ukuphawula, njengoba besho, akudingekile. Ukushisa ngokweqile akukaze kulethe inzuzo kunoma iyiphi injini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Futhi ukugcina izinga le-antifreeze ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecacisiwe akunzima. Yiqiniso, i-thermostat ingase ihluleke, okuzoholela ekushiseni ngokweqile. Kodwa kune-thermometer kanye nesibani esiyisixwayiso esishisa ngokweqile kudeshibhodi. Ngakho-ke ukuqhekeka kwekhanda lesilinda kuwumphumela oqondile wokunganaki komshayeli ohlelweni lokupholisa injini.
Ukulondolozeka
Injini inokugcinwa okuphezulu. Omakhenikha besevisi yemoto bagcizelela ubulula bayo bomklamo futhi bayakujabulela ukuthatha umsebenzi wokulungisa wanoma ibuphi ubunkimbinkimbi. I-cast iron block yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuzala amasilinda ngobukhulu obudingekayo, futhi ukukhethwa kwama-pistons nezinye izingxenye akubangeli izinkinga nhlobo. Wonke lawa ma-nuances aholela ezindlekweni zokubuyisela ezingabizi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinjini.
Ngendlela, ukulungiswa kungenziwa kushibhile ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezivela ku-disassembly. Kodwa kulokhu, ikhwalithi ibuzwa - izingxenye ezisele ezisetshenzisiwe kungenzeka ukuthi seziphelelwe yisikhathi.
Ukulungiswa kwenjini enkulu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuzimela, ngezandla zakho. Uma unamathuluzi nolwazi, ukwenza akunzima kakhulu.
Ividiyo emfushane mayelana nokulungiswa okukhulu.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe ingatholakala ku-YouTube, isibonelo:
Ulwazi oluningi oluwusizo mayelana nokukhanda, ukugcinwa nokusebenza kwenjini luqukethwe lapha. (Vele ulande imanuwali futhi yonke idatha edingekayo iyohlala iseduze).
Abakhi benjini ye-Opel bakhe injini ye-A16LET ethembekile neqinile, ebonise ukusebenza kahle ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi nokunakekelwa okufanele. Isici esijabulisayo izindleko zempahla ephansi zokugcinwa kwayo.
