Injini isebenzisa uwoyela - bheka ukuthi yini imbangela yokulahleka kukawoyela noma ukushiswa

Ziningi izizathu zokuthi kungani uwoyela wenjini ungahamba - kusukela kulezi ze-prosaic njengokuvalwa kwe-oyela ebizwa ngokuthi i-oil pan, ukulimala kwe-turbocharger, izinkinga ngepompo lomjovo, ukugqokwa kwezindandatho namapiston noma ama-valve stem seal, kanye ngisho nokusebenza okungalungile kwesihlungi sezinhlayiyana. Ngakho-ke, ukucinga izimbangela zomlilo noma ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha kudinga ukuhlaziywa okuphelele. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukushisa amafutha emotweni endala kuyinto evamile.

Injini idla uwoyela - nini ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile?

Kokubili amafutha amaminerali, ama-semi-synthetic kanye nama-synthetic ayahwamuka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuthi, kuhlanganiswe nokucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi kwenjini, kungabangela ukuncipha kancane kancane kwenani lamafutha. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza phakathi kwezikhathi zokushintsha uwoyela (ngokuvamile i-10 km), kuze kufike kuhhafu ilitha lamafutha kuvame ukulahleka. Leli nani libhekwa njengelijwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi alidingi noma yisiphi isenzo sokulungisa, futhi ngokuvamile alidingi ukungeza amafutha phakathi kwezinguquko. Ukulinganisa okunembile kwenziwa kangcono ngebanga elide kangako.

Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela wenjini ngokweqile - izimbangela ezingenzeka

Phakathi kwezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuqala ukuxilonga ukuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-sump kawoyela nenjini noma i-pneumothorax eyonakele namapayipi. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuza kubonakala ekuseni ngaphansi kwemoto, ngemva kokuhlala ubusuku bonke. Khona-ke ukulungiswa kwephutha kufanele kube lula futhi kungabizi. Ezimotweni ezine-turbocharger, i-turbocharger eyonakele ingaba imbangela, futhi ezimotweni ezinepompo yomjovo wedizili esemgqeni, yile nto engaguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha kungabonisa ukwehluleka kwe-gasket yekhanda, izindandatho ze-piston ezigugile, noma ama-valve nama-seal anephutha - futhi ngeshwa, lokhu kusho izindleko eziphezulu.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi kungani uwoyela wenjini uvutha

Enye yezinqubo eziyinhloko zokuthola izizathu zalesi simo ukukala ingcindezi ku-cylinder. Emayunithi kaphethiloli, lokhu kuzoba lula kakhulu - vele ugoqe igeji yokucindezela emgodini oshiywe ipulaki ye-spark ekhishiwe. Idizili inzima kakhulu, kodwa futhi iyenzeka. Umehluko kufanele ubonakale kusilinda esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Kufanelekile ukubuka amagesi okukhipha kusengaphambili, uma ephenduka grey noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokucindezela i-accelerator pedal kanzima, lokhu kuwuphawu lwamafutha angena ekamelweni elivuthayo. Intuthu ibuye ibe nephunga elimnandi.

Ezinye izimbangela zamazinga aphansi kawoyela wenjini

Amayunithi okushayela esimanje asebenzisa izixazululo eziningi ukwandisa ukunethezeka kokusetshenziswa, ukunciphisa imfucuza eyingozi futhi andise amandla enjini, kodwa ukwehluleka kwawo kungaba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kukawoyela, ngezinye izikhathi ngamanani amakhulu. Ngokusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zesimanje (hhayi nje udizili), ama-turbocharger agugile aqala ukuvuza uwoyela osetshenziselwa ukugcoba izingxenye ezihambayo futhi uwaphoqe egunjini elivuthayo. Ingase ibangele injini ukuba idlule iwashi, okuyinkinga enkulu futhi eyingozi kwezokuphepha. Futhi, izihlungi ezidumile ze-particle ngemuva kwemayela elithile zingabangela ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela noma ukwanda kwezinga lawo epanini likawoyela.

Yiziphi izinjini ezivame ukusebenzisa uwoyela?

Akuzona zonke izimoto ezijwayele ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuthambekela kokushisa uwoyela. Abanikazi bezinjini zanamuhla, abakhiqizi bawo batusa ukunweba izikhathi zokushintsha uwoyela, kungcono ukungazinaki lezi zincomo, ngoba ochwepheshe basho ngokungananazi ukuthi uwoyela ulahlekelwa impahla yawo ngemuva kwamakhilomitha angaba ngu-10 100. Kodwa-ke, amanye amayunithi, naphezu kokunakekelwa komsebenzisi, avame ukudla uwoyela ngisho nangemva kwamakhilomitha angama-XNUMX XNUMX ukusuka embonini. Lokhu kusebenza nakumikhiqizo ethathwa njengehlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Amayunithi aziwa ukuthi adla uwoyela

Iyaziwa ngokwethembeka nokusebenza okungenazinkinga ngaphezu kwamakhulu ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, iToyota inezinjini ohlwini lwayo olungenakubizwa ngokuthi luqinile ngokwedlulele. Lokhu, vele, kufaka phakathi i-1.8 VVT-i / WTL-i, lapho izindandatho ezinephutha zinesibopho salesi simo sezindaba. Kuphela ngo-2005 le nkinga yaxazululwa. Omunye umkhiqizi owaziwa ngamayunithi ayo ahlala isikhathi eside, iVolkswagen, nayo inezinhlobo ezifanayo ohlwini lwayo - isibonelo, i-1.8 ne-2.0 yomndeni wakwa-TSI, eyayikwazi ukudla okungaphezu kwelitha nge-1000 km. Kuphela ngo-2011 lokhu kushiyeka kwalungiswa kancane. Kukhona no-1.6, 1.8 no-2.0 eqenjini lePSA, 2.0 TS yakwa-Alfa Romeo, 1.6 THP/N13 yakwaPSA/BMW noma i-1.3 MultiJet yodumo yakwaFiat.

Imoto idla amafutha - yini okufanele uyenze?

Ngokuqinisekile awukwazi ukukhokhela ukungazinaki ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha angaphezu kwamalitha angu-0,05 kawoyela ngekhilomitha eyi-1000 (kuya ngezinombolo zekhathalogi yomkhiqizi). Ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kungabangela ukuthi injini isebenze ngokungalungile, i.e. ngenxa yokungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kwezakhi zayo, okuthinta kakhulu impilo yesevisi yeyunithi yokushayela. Injini engenawo uwoyela noma enamafutha amancane kakhulu ingahluleka ngokushesha, futhi uma ihlanganiswa ne-turbocharger, ingahluleka futhi ibize kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uwoyela wenjini ugcoba iketango lesikhathi, elingamane linqamuke ngaphandle kokugcotshwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona amaphutha amakhulu ngemva kokukhipha i-dipstick, xhumana nomakhenikha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile - ingabe ukulungiswa kwenjini ebizayo kuhlala kudingekile?

Kuvela ukuthi akudingekile njalo ukulungisa noma ukushintsha izingxenye zenjini ezibizayo ngemva kokuqaphela ukulahlekelwa inani elithile lamafutha. Uma i-pan kawoyela noma imigqa yamafutha yonakalisiwe, cishe kwanele ukuyifaka esikhundleni sayo esisha. Ama-valve seal ngokuvamile angashintshwa ngaphandle kokukhipha ikhanda. Isimo esinzima kakhulu sivela lapho i-turbocharger, iphampu yomjovo we-in-line, izindandatho, amasilinda nama-bearings ehluleka. Lapha, ngeshwa, ukulungiswa okubizayo kuzodingeka, amanani avame ukuguquguquka esifundeni sezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zama-zloty. Ungazama ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ene-viscosity ephakeme, kodwa lezi yizinyathelo zesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela wenjini kuwukuphaphama okungafanele kushaywe indiva umshayeli. Lokhu akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi isidingo sokulungisa eqolo, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kudinga umshayeli ukuba abe nesithakazelo emotweni yakhe.