Uphethiloli ohlukile - hhayi kuphela ovela eziteshini zikaphethiloli!

Izimoto ezithwala abagibeli, kanye namaveni namaloli, akufanele zisebenzise uphethiloli ovamile kuphela ukuze zikwazi ukushayela. Eminyakeni yamuva, kunezinye izindlela ezingezona imvelo futhi ezinciphisa izindleko zokusebenza. Isibonelo esidume kakhulu yigesi eliwuketshezi, elingagcwaliswa cishe kuzo zonke iziteshi zikaphethiloli ezweni lakithi. Yebo, kunezibonelo eziningi ezengeziwe, futhi ezinye izinto zokubasa zinekusasa!

Ezinye zezibaseli azikona nje izindleko!

Yiqiniso, lapho sicabanga ngezinto ezingase zithathe indawo yamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi anika amandla izinjini zezimoto zethu, umuntu akanakuzibamba ngaphandle kokucabanga ngezindleko ezihlobene nokusebenza. Futhi nakuba izindleko zikaphethiloli zishukumisela abantu ukuba bafune ezinye izindlela, isici sendawo ezungezile sibaluleke kakhulu. Ukukhishwa nokushiswa kukawoyela ongahluziwe kuwumthwalo indawo ezungezile futhi kuphumela ekukhishweni kwenani elikhulu lamagesi abamba ukushisa kanye, isibonelo, ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa. izinhlayiya ze-soot, nazo ezibhekene ne-smog. Kungakho ezinye izifundazwe nohulumeni begcizelela kakhulu ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezimoto kanye nokusebenzisa imithombo yamandla emvelo eyengeziwe ezimotweni.

I-Hydrogen njengomthombo wamandla ohlukile

Ngokungangabazeki, i-hydrogen ingenye yezindawo ethembisa kakhulu embonini yezimoto - brand Japanese, eholwa Toyota futhi Honda, ehola ukuthuthukiswa lobu buchwepheshe. Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-hydrogen ngaphezu kwezimoto zikagesi ezithandwa kakhulu isikhathi sokugcwalisa (imizuzu embalwa uma kuqhathaniswa namahora ambalwa) kanye nobubanzi obukhulu. Ukusebenza kokushayela kuyafana nezimoto zikagesi ngoba izimoto ze-hydrogen nazo zifakwe izinjini zikagesi (i-hydrogen isetshenziselwa ukushayela amajeneretha). Ngesikhathi sokushayela, amanzi akhishwa amaminerali kuphela akhishwa. Uphethiloli ngokwawo ungathuthwa usuka ezindaweni ezinothile ngemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo (isibonelo, iPatagonia yase-Argentina, lapho kusetshenziswa amandla omoya).

I-CNG ne-LPG esetshenziswa kwezokuthutha

Okunye, amafutha engeziwe ajwayeleke kakhulu igesi yemvelo kanye ne-propane-butane. Uma sikhuluma ngegesi eliwuketshezi, izwe lethu lingelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili "aphethwe igesi" emhlabeni (izimoto eziningi ezisebenza kulo mafutha zibhaliswe kuphela eTurkey), futhi i-methane ayithandwa kakhulu njengokuthi, isibonelo, e-Italy noma phakathi kwezakhamizi. amabhasi emadolobheni amakhulu omhlaba. I-propane-butane ishibhile, futhi lapho ishisiwe, kukhishwa izinto eziyingozi kakhulu kunophethiloli. I-LNG ingavela kokubili emithonjeni evamile kanye nokuvutshelwa kwe-biomass, njenge-biogas - esimweni ngasinye, ukushiswa kwayo kukhipha ubuthi obuncane kanye ne-CO2 kunophethiloli nodizili.

Ama-Biofuels – ukukhiqizwa kwamanye amafutha avela emikhiqizweni ephilayo

Izimoto eziningi ezijwayele ukushisa amafutha ajwayelekile zingaguqulwa kalula zibe izimoto ezikwazi ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yemvelo. Isibonelo, isibonelo, i-biodiesel, okuyingxube yamafutha emifino kanye ne-methanol, okukhiqizwa kuyo uwoyela ongcolile ovela ezindaweni zokudlela ezingasetshenziswa. Udizili wakudala ungaphatha ngisho nokushayela ngokuqondile emafutheni, kodwa ebusika kuzodingeka izinhlelo zokushisisa uketshezi. Amanye amafutha ezimoto zikaphethiloli ahlanganisa: i-ethanol (ikakhulukazi edumile eNingizimu Melika) futhi ibizwa nge-biogasoline E85, okungukuthi, ingxube ye-ethanol nophethiloli okufanele ikwazi ukuphatha amadrayivu amaningi esimanje.

I-RDF fuel - indlela yokusebenzisa imfucuza?

Enye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukutholwa kwamandla emfucumfucu ngendlela ebizwa nge-rdf fuel (uphethiloli osuselwe kudoti). Eziningi zazo zibonakala ngenani eliphezulu lamandla, lifinyelela ngisho ne-14-19 MJ/kg. Izinto ezingasetshenzisiwe ezicutshungulwe kahle zingaba yingxube kumafutha endabuko noma ziwashintshe ngokuphelele. Umsebenzi uyaqhubeka emhlabeni wonke wokusebenzisa ipulasitiki ye-pyrolysis kanye nowoyela wemoto osetshenzisiwe njengophethiloli ongashisa izinjini zikadizili - le ndlela yokuguqula imfucuza ikhiqiza ukungcola okuncane futhi ikuvumela ukuthi usheshe uthathe udoti onzima uwuyise ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza. Namuhla isetshenziswa, isibonelo, izitshalo zikasimende.

Ngabe uMthetho Wezimoto zikagesi uzoshintsha imakethe yezimoto zasePoland?

Lapho kuxoxwa ngesihloko samanye amafutha, akunakwenzeka ukungaxoxi ngendaba yezimoto zikagesi. Bakuvumela ukuthi uqede ngokuphelele ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, okuthuthukisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lomoya emadolobheni. I-Electric Mobility Act ivuza isinqumo esinjalo, futhi umphumela waso ngokungangabazeki uzoba ukuduma kwezimoto zikagesi. Kakade namuhla, kwamanye Amazwe Angamalungu e-EU, izinguquko zingabonakala ohlangothini lokususa ikhabhoni kwezokuthutha kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwemvelo. Kuze kube manje, lesi akusona isisombululo esivumelana kakhulu nemvelo ezweni lethu, ngenxa yokuthi ugesi utholakala ikakhulukazi emalahleni, kodwa isiqondiso sezinguquko eziqhubekayo sibonisa isimo sengqondo esihle.

Ingabe kufanele uthenge imoto kagesi namuhla?

Ngokungangabazeki, ukuthambekela kwamanje phakathi kwalabo abafuna ezinye izinto zokubasa kanye nokushayela imoto kagesi. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela ngempela ekuncipheni kwentuthu nokungcoliswa kwendawo, kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokonga okukhulu. Kakade namuhla, ngemva kokunquma ukuthenga imoto kagesi, ungagcina okuningi, futhi inani lamamodeli asebenzisa lolu hlobo lokushayela likhula njalo, futhi amanani abo ehla. Futhi, ungathola izinkokhiso eziningi ezenza intengo yokuthenga ibe lula ukuyigwinya. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuthenga, kufanele uthole ukuthi isiteshi sokushaja esiseduze sikuphi futhi ubale ukuthi mangaki amakhilomitha ozowenza ngonyaka - ingabe ugesi unenzuzo ngempela.

Amafutha ezimoto avuselelekayo avuselelekayo - okuwumkhuba ozohlala nathi

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikhuluma ngesitshalo esivumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-biogas, i-biodiesel noma amanye ama-fossil fuels, noma ewasebenzisa kangcono amandla aqukethwe kumfucumfucu, izimoto ezinikezwa amandla ahlukile yikusasa. Ukukhula kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, kanye nezakhiwo ezingcono kakhulu ze-physico-chemical zamafutha atholwe ngale ndlela, kusho ukuthi azosetshenziswa kakhulu ukuphehla izimoto zesimanje. Hhayi kuphela izikhwama zethu, kodwa futhi imvelo kanye nekhwalithi yomoya esiwuphefumulayo.