I-heater eyengeziwe emotweni: kuyini, kungani idingeka, idivayisi, ukuthi isebenza kanjani

I-heater yangaphakathi eyengeziwe iyunithi exhunywe kusethi efakwe umkhiqizi wemoto. Iyakwazi ukunciphisa ukugqokwa kwemishini yemoto ngesikhathi sokuqala injini, kanye nokugcina izimo ezikhululekile zomshayeli nabagibeli ngenkathi behamba ekwindla-ebusika.

I-heater eyisizayo yemoto yangaphakathi iyiyunithi yendawo yonke, umsebenzi oyinhloko owukushisa ngokushesha umoya ekamelweni ukuze kugcinwe induduzo yomshayeli nabagibeli. Imishini ezimelayo ikuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ngokushesha izinga lokushisa elinethezekile ngaphakathi kwemoto ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sokupaka ngenkathi ebandayo, kanye nokunciphisa ukugqwala kwengilazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubonakala nokuvimbela izingozi ezingase zibe khona. Cabanga ngezinhlobo nezici zama-heaters asizayo, izincomo zochwepheshe ekukhethweni nasekusebenzeni kwamayunithi.

Iyini i-heater eyengeziwe emotweni

Ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwemoto ngaphandle kwebhokisi legaraji ngenkathi ebandayo kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kweqhwa elincane kakhulu ngaphakathi engilazini kanye nokubanda okuphelele kwezakhi zesakhiwo ngasinye. Lezi zinqubo zinamandla kakhulu ebusuku - umphumela odabukisayo uzoba ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa ekamelweni kanye nokungenakwenzeka kokuqala injini yohambo lwebhizinisi noma ukusebenza.

Esimweni esinjalo, i-heater eyengeziwe yangaphakathi yemoto ingasiza - iyunithi exhunywe iphelele nemishini efakwe umenzi wemoto. I-heater enjalo iyakwazi ukunciphisa ukugqokwa kwemishini yomshini ngesikhathi sokuqala injini, kanye nokugcina izimo ezikhululekile zomshayeli nabagibeli ngenkathi behamba ekwindla-ebusika.

Inhloso yemishini

Indawo eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwama-heaters ezimoto emhlabeni wonke ukuqaliswa kokuthuthwa kwabagibeli nempahla kusetshenziswa amabhasi, amaveni, ama-minivans namabhasi amancane.

Iminibus iyimoto ekahle yokufaka i-heater ezimele

Uma kunesikhala esanele samahhala, iyunithi enjalo ingafakwa emotweni yabagibeli ukuze isetshenziswe nsuku zonke, nokho-ke, izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zibhekwe futhi amakhono ejeneretha kufanele ahlolwe kahle ukuze kukhiqizwe inani elanele lamandla.

Idivayisi ye-heater

Isisekelo sanoma iyiphi iyunithi yokufudumala imoto i-radiator, ehambisana namapayipi okuhambisa amanzi apholile, ama-dampers, isilawuli samandla okugeleza, ifeni kanye nepayipi lomoya. Imishini esekwe ku-liquid akuyona ukuphela kwenketho etholakala kubashayeli; kukhona ukuguqulwa okunikwa amandla amapayipi amakhulu emakethe, kanye nezifudumezi zomoya ezihlukile ngokwakhiwa kanye nendlela yokushisisa.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elinethezekile ngaphakathi kwemoto ngokusebenzisa amahhavini emoto azimele kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningana, ezihluke kuye ngokuthi izici zokuklama zeyunithi ethile. Isibonelo, izinto zikagesi zisebenzisa inethiwekhi yasendlini engu-220 V ukushisisa isinqandi-qhwa ethangini langaphakathi bese sikupompa kusistimu yokushisisa evamile, kuyilapho amayunithi awuketshezi ashisisa isinqandi-qhwa esizungeza kurediyetha kahhavini wemoto. Incazelo eningiliziwe yezimiso zokusebenza zohlobo ngalunye ivezwe ezigabeni ezilandelayo ze-athikili.

Izinhlobo zama-heaters angaphakathi kwemoto

Kukhona ukuguqulwa okuningi kwezinhlelo ezizimele emakethe ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu emotweni, okuhlukile ngomgomo wokusebenza, izindleko kanye nokuphuma kwamandla. Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwabashayeli bamaloli amakhulu namabhasi amancane ama-heaters asebenza ngesisekelo sokupholisa, ugesi wasendlini kanye nokushisisa umoya ekhabetheni kusetshenziswa uphethiloli noma izinto zokushisa.

Ukuzimela

Izifudumezi zezimoto ezingadingi uxhumano oluhlala njalo kunethiwekhi kagesi yasendlini zithandwa kakhulu ngabashayeli bamaloli, ama-minibuses nama-minivans - iyunithi itholakala ngaphandle kwe-cab noma endaweni yamahhala ngaphansi kwe-hood. Isimiso sokusebenza kwemishini yokuzimela yalolu hlobo silula kakhulu - isisetshenziswa esisizayo sokushisa igumbi labagibeli sinikwa amandla uphethiloli oshiswe ekamelweni elingaphakathi, futhi uhlelo lokukhipha umoya oluhlanganiswe ekwakhiweni lususa imikhiqizo evuthayo endaweni ezungezile.

I-heater yomoya yemoto

Enye indlela esabalele yokufudumala igumbi labagibeli ekwindla noma ebusika ukufaka i-radiator eyisizayo esitofu sefektri esijwayelekile, esikuvumela ukuthi ushaye umoya ofudumele emakamelweni abagibeli usebenzisa i-fan. Umbono onjalo udinga ukubekwa kwesistimu yezimbobo ezengeziwe futhi usetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekusebenzeni kwamabhasi, amakhumbi kanye namaveni emithwalo anobukhulu obumangalisayo bangaphakathi.

Izakhiwo ezinjalo ziyizinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Okubizwa ngokuthi "izinwele zezinwele", lapho ukushisa komoya kunikezwa isici sokushisa se-ceramic, esingabandakanyi "ukushiswa" komoya ngaphakathi kwekamelo. Isimiso sokusebenza kwalolu hlobo lwe-heater sifana nesomiso sezinwele ezijwayelekile zasendlini - isesekeli sixhunywe ngesokhethi evamile ye-cigarette lighter 12-volt.
   Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwedivayisi amandla ayo aphansi, angadluli ku-200 W, futhi avumela kuphela isikhala esiseduze nomshayeli noma i-windshield ukuthi sishiswe ngemva kokuhlala isikhathi eside ebusuku.
2. Izifudumezi ezisebenza kuphethiloli wedizili noma uphethiloli. Ukwakhiwa kwamayunithi anjalo kwenziwa ngendlela yesilinda, amandla okuphotha isiphephetha-moya kanye nokunikeza umoya oshisayo endaweni yabagibeli akhiqizwa ngokuvutha kwekhandlela kanye nokushiswa kukaphethiloli ekamelweni elingaphakathi.

Izifudumezi zomoya zisetshenziswa kakhulu emabhasini anendawo evulekile yangaphakathi noma amaloli asindayo phakathi nezikhathi ezinde zokupaka endaweni evulekile. Ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi enjalo kuvumela umnikazi wemoto ukuthi alondoloze inani elikhulu likaphethiloli uma kuqhathaniswa nenjini evuliwe ngesikhathi sokungenzi lutho ukuze kugcinwe izimo ezinethezekile kukhebhu yomshayeli.

Izinzuzo ezengeziwe zalezi zinsiza:

• ukubekeka kalula nokusebenza;
• ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nezinga elincane lamandla asetshenzisiwe.

Izifudumezi zomoya nazo zibonakala ngezakhiwo ezithile ezingezinhle:

• umklamo unciphisa inani lesikhala samahhala ku-cab yomshayeli;
• ukungena komoya kudinga ukubekwa kwamapayipi asizayo;
• ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi kukuvumela ukuthi ufudumale ingaphakathi lemoto kuphela.

Imishini yesimanje yalolu hlobo ifakwe i-electronics edidiyelwe engakwazi ukuvala iyunithi ngesikhathi esifanele uma kwenzeka ukushisa ngokweqile, kanye nenani lezici ozikhethela - i-timer, izinzwa zokuqapha izinga lokushisa kanye nezinye izinto ezisizayo.

I-heater yangaphakathi ewuketshezi

Amayunithi asebenza ngesisekelo se-antifreeze noma ezinye izinhlobo zezinto zokupholisa abonakala ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi afakwe kusistimu yokushisa yasembonini yemoto evamile. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokubeka i-accessory ngendlela yebhulokhi elikhethekile eline-fan kanye negumbi lomlilo yigumbi lenjini noma indawo yangaphakathi; kwezinye izimo, umklamo wengezwe yiphampu eyisizayo ukuze ucindezele uketshezi olujikelezayo.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-heater yangaphakathi yemoto eyengeziwe isekelwe ekushiseni i-antifreeze egxilwe kurediyetha yesitofu, abalandeli basetshenziselwa ukushaya isikhala ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi futhi banikeze ukushisa ngqo emotweni. Inqubo yokushisa kuyunithi enjalo yenzeka ngenxa yokunikezwa komoya, ukwanda kokudluliselwa kokushisa kufinyelelwa ngenxa yeshubhu lomlilo elisizayo, futhi amagesi okukhipha amandla akhishwa kusetshenziswa ipayipi etholakala ngaphansi kwemoto.

Isibonelo semodeli ye-heater eyi-liquid autonomous unit eyenziwe eRussia "Helios-2000"

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zamadivayisi alolu hlobo:

• ukonga isikhala esibalulekile ekhabetheni ngenxa yamathuba okufakwa ngaphansi kwe-hood;
• ukusebenza kahle okwandisiwe;
• ukonga amandla okubalulekile.

Ukungalungi okukhulu kwama-heaters ayizi:

• amadivaysi abiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zama-heaters azimele emakethe;
• ukwanda kobunzima bokufaka.

Amamodeli athuthukile amayunithi esimanje asekelwe ekunqandeni ukuqhwa asekela ukwenza kusebenze ukude, kanye nokuvula kusetshenziswa i-fob yokhiye.

Ugesi

Amadivayisi alolu hlobo axhunywe kusistimu yokushisa yasembonini yemoto futhi asebenza ngesisekelo senethiwekhi kagesi yasendlini engu-220 V. Isimiso sokusebenza kweyunithi kagesi sinquma inzuzo yayo eyinhloko - umshayeli akadingi ukuchitha uphethiloli noma i-antifreeze ukuze afinyelele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ekamelweni uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza kwama-heaters omoya noma amanzi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-heater kagesi azimele kunomthelela ekongeni uphethiloli obalulekile nokonga ngokwezimali

Ububi obuyinhloko beyunithi enjalo isidingo sokufinyelela endaweni kagesi yokusebenza, engakwazi ukuhlangatshezwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesikhathi ngesikhathi sohambo olude ngebhasi noma ngeloli. Ubunzima obengeziwe bomshayeli kuzoba uxhumano oluzimele lwemishini ohlelweni lokushisa olujwayelekile - ukuxazulula le nkinga, ochwepheshe bezimoto batusa ukuthintana nezikhungo zesevisi ezikhethekile.

Abakhiqizi abadumile bama-heaters emoto

Emakethe yaseRussia kunemigqa eminingana yezifudumezi zomoya (okuthiwa "izomisa izinwele ezomile"), ehlukene ngamandla, izwe lemvelaphi nezindleko. Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwabashayeli bamaloli yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ezihlolwe isikhathi:

• Ama-heaters aseJalimane i-Eberspacher ne-Webasto yesigaba senani leprimiyamu;
• isabelomali amayunithi ezifuywayo "Planar" kusukela Samara inkampani "Advers";
• Amadivayisi e-Chinese Belief entengo emaphakathi.

Izifudumezi ezizimele ezivela kumkhiqizi waseRussia i-Planar zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabanikazi bezimoto

Umehluko ezindlekweni phakathi kwemikhiqizo evela eJalimane naseRussia ungafinyelela inani eliphindwe kabili ngokusebenza nokusebenza okufanayo, okubangelwa kuphela ukukhokhelwa ngokweqile kodumo lomkhiqizo, ngokufanisa neBentley noma iMercedes-Benz.

Indlela yokukhetha i-heater yemoto

Lapho uthenga isifudumezi esihle esizosetshenziswa ebhasini elincane noma elolini, umshayeli uyalulekwa okokuqala ukuthi anake amandla edivayisi. Kunezigaba ezi-3 eziyinhloko zama-heaters emakethe:

• ama-kilowatt amabili - asetshenziswe kumakhabethe ahlangene;
• ama-kilowatts amathathu-amane - alungele ukusetshenziswa kumakhabethe amaningi amaloli okulahla, amakhumbi namaloli ahamba ibanga elide;
• ama-kilowatt amahlanu nesishiyagalombili - asetshenziselwa ukufudumala ama-motorhomes kanye nemizimba yohlobo lwe-KUNG.

Emalolini asindayo, kusetshenziswa izifudumezi ezizimele ezinamandla angaphezu kwama-kilowatts angu-3.

Izici ezengeziwe okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha iyunithi esebenza kahle:

• amandla okulawula kude;
• ukutholakala kwendawo yamahhala yokufaka isakhiwo;
• ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nevolumu yomoya oshisayo, isisindo kanye nobukhulu be-accessory.

Izici zobuchwepheshe ezinemininingwane zivame ukuboniswa emakhadini omkhiqizo kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi noma umdayisi, lapho ungakwazi uku-oda inketho ye-heater engcono kakhulu ngokudiliva noma kuphi ezweni ngokuchofoza okumbalwa.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle

Naphezu kokulula okubonakalayo kokuklama, i-heater eyengeziwe iyiyunithi eyinkimbinkimbi edinga umshayeli ukuba ahambisane nemithetho ethile ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ochwepheshe bezimoto batusa ukulandela le mihlahlandlela:

Funda futhi: Intuthu esuka esitofu semoto - kungani ibonakala, yini okufanele uyenze

• vula idivayisi okungenani kanye ngenyanga ukopha isistimu kaphethiloli futhi uyihlanze ezinhlayiyeni zothuli kanye nemikhiqizo evuthayo;
• ukuqeda ithuba lokuvula ngephutha isisetshenziswa semoto ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa i-refueling;
• cisha i-heater ekupheleni kokunyakaza ukuze uvimbele ukukhishwa kwebhethri.

Uma kukhona imisindo engavamile ohlelweni lokupholisa noma imizamo elandelanayo yokuqalisa, umshayeli kufanele avakashele indawo yokusebenzela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze axilonge futhi anciphise izindleko ezihlobene nokukhandwa noma ukushintshwa kwemishini.

Yini engashintsha isitofu emotweni

Ezinkundleni zokuxhumana zabashayeli bezimoto kunethiwekhi, ungathola imihlahlandlela yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuzihlanganisa kwama-heater azimele ngezinto ezithuthukisiwe. Enye yezinketho ezithandwayo kuleli cala ukuklama okusekelwe esimweni seyunithi yesistimu kusuka kukhompyutha yedeskithophu, kulekelelwa ama-filaments kanye ne-compact fan esetshenziselwa ukupholisa iphrosesa noma i-motherboard.

Ukusebenza nokuphepha kwamayunithi okushisa enziwe ekhaya kuphakamisa imibuzo emikhulu, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe bezimoto abancomi abashayeli abajwayelekile abangenalo izinga elifanele lolwazi lobuchwepheshe ukuze bahlole ukudalwa nokuxhunywa kwamadivayisi anjalo. Ukufakwa kwe-heater eyengeziwe yemoto kufanele kwenziwe nguchwepheshe wesikhungo sesevisi ukuze kugwenywe izimo eziphuthumayo noma izingozi ngesikhathi sohambo.

Ungakhetha kanjani i-heater yangaphakathi ye-Autonomous?