Udizili noma uphethiloli - yikuphi okungcono? Iyiphi injini ongayikhetha?

Lapho enquma ukuthenga imoto, umnikazi wesikhathi esizayo ubheka ulwazi oluningi mayelana namamodeli ayithandayo, futhi uqhathanisa izici nemishini. Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yanoma iyiphi imoto, yiqiniso, iyunithi yamandla, esebenza kuwo womabili uphethiloli nodizili.

Uma siqhathanisa noma iyiphi imoto ehlinzekwa ngezinjini zikadizili nezikaphethiloli, umehluko phakathi kwazo uyabonakala ngisho nakumuntu ovamile. Isibonelo, i-Opel Antara iyi-crossover yamasondo onke ngentengo yama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-997. Izisetshenziswa ezinenjini engu-2.4-litre kaphethroli kanye nogesi ozishintshayo:

• ukusetshenziswa edolobheni - 12,8 amalitha AI-95;
• imodi yezwe - 7,3 amalitha;
• isilinganiso - 9,3 amalitha.

Umfowabo onenjini engu-2,2 litre kadizili ne-automatic uyadla:

• edolobheni - 10,3;
• ngaphandle kwedolobha - 6,4;
• ngokwesilinganiso - 7,8 amalitha.

Umehluko ungamalitha angu-2,5 edolobheni, cishe ilitha ngaphandle kwedolobha kanye namalitha nesigamu kwimodi exubile.

Udizili kuleli cala uyonga kakhulu. Yiqiniso, uphethiloli uwina ngentengo, kodwa hhayi ngokuningi: 1,2 million ngokumelene nama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-1,3 - umehluko ungama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu kuphela. Uma sicabangela izindleko zelitha likaphethiloli - uphethiloli we-diesel ishibhile kune-AI-95 ngesilinganiso sama-ruble angu-2,5-3 - khona-ke lo mehluko wezindleko zokuqala ngeke ubonakale umkhulu kakhulu: kuwo wonke amakhilomitha angu-100 edolobheni. nge injini diesel uzosindisa ruble 100-125.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinjini zikadizili nezikaphethiloli?

Injini kadizili ihlukile enjinini kaphethiloli endleleni ingxubevange yesibaseli somoya evutha ngayo. Enjinini ye-diesel, izinga lokucindezela liphakeme kakhulu, umoya ocindezelweyo ushiswa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu eyenziwe yi-piston, khona-ke umthamo odingekayo we-atomized diesel fuel ujojowe kulo moya oshisayo, futhi ukuqhunyiswa kwenzeka.

Zonke izici eziyinhloko zenjini ye-diesel zinkulu futhi zihlala isikhathi eside, njengoba kufanele zimelane nokucindezela okukhulu nokuqhunyiswa. Idizili ayinayo iyunithi yokuthungela, njengoba amakhandlela awadingeki lapha, ashintshwa ngamapulaki akhanyayo. Ipulaki elikhanyayo lisetshenziselwa ukwenza lula ukuqala kwenjini ezimeni ezimbi, lisebenza njenge-heater yokucwiliswa.

Yingakho idivayisi ye-diesel injini ilula. Nokho, kukhona futhi ukungalungi:

• izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zemishini kaphethiloli - iphampu yamafutha omfutho ophezulu;
• ukunakekela nokulungiswa kubiza isilinganiso esingamaphesenti angama-20 ngaphezulu;
• ebusika kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuqala injini enjalo;
• udizili uthatha isikhathi eside ukufudumala futhi ungqongqoza ekuqaleni kokunyakaza.

Izinjini zikadizili zidinga kakhulu izinga likaphethiloli.

Futhi lesi esinye sezizathu zokuthandwa kwabo okubuthakathaka eRussia. Iningi labantu, udizili uhlotshaniswa, okokuqala, nemishini enamandla: ogandaganda, ogandaganda bamaloli, inhlanganisela, amaloli okulahla anjenge-KAMAZ. Kodwa uma uthatha ingozi yokukhipha uphethiloli ethangini likagandaganda futhi uligcwalise nge-Opel Antara yakho entsha, izinkinga azinakugwenywa - imibhobho izovala ngokushesha kakhulu.

Izinjini ezijovwe ngophethiloli ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi zidinga iyunithi yokuthungela. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, zishibhile ukuzigcina, ngoba ukucindezela okuphezulu akudalwanga ku-cylinder block ukuze kuthunge uphethiloli. Nakuba izinga eliphansi likaphethiloli ligcina libathinta. I-plus ingabhekwa njengokufudumala okusheshayo kanye nekhono lokuqalisa injini ngisho nasesithwathwaneni esinzima kakhulu.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izimoto ezisebenza ngodizili zifakwa uphethiloli ebusika. amafutha ebusikalapho kunezelwa khona izithasiselo ezikhethekile.

Kodwa, ngeshwa, amagalaji ethu kaphethiloli aqasha abantu abacabanga kuqala ngenzuzo yabo, hhayi ngenjini yemoto yakho. Ngenxa yalokho, bazama ukuthengisa yonke ingxenye yedizili yasehlobo ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala. Uphethiloli onjalo uqina kakade ekushiseni okungamadigri amahlanu, kanti uphethiloli izinga lokushisa eliphansi lingama-30-35. Kukhona futhi abakhohlisi abanjalo abaxuba uphethiloli wedizili nophalafini, uphethiloli noma ama-depressants angavunyelwe.

Uma ugcwalisa imoto yakho ngedizili yasehlobo ebusika, khona-ke izinkinga azinakugwenywa - lonke uhlelo lukaphethiloli kanye ne-injector lizovalwa ngopharafini. Ukulungisa kuzobiza okungenani u-$500.

Ukugcinwa kwezinjini zikadizili nezikaphethiloli

Idizili ifuna kakhulu izinga likaphethiloli. EYurophu, bafunde ukwenza uphethiloli wedizili futhi bawuhlanze ku-sulfure nopharafini, kodwa sisenezinkinga eziqhubekayo nalokhu. Yingakho abashayeli abavamile kufanele bashintshe izihlungi zamafutha kaningi, kanye nokushintsha uwoyela wenjini kaningi.

Ngendlela, uwoyela wenjini ye-diesel udinga okhethekile, lapho izinga lokucindezela elidingekayo ligcinwa khona futhi imikhiqizo evuthayo iyasuswa ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukugcinwa kokuthengiswa kwedizili ngemuva kokuthengisa kuyabiza, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa okukhulu kwenziwa ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-250. Kodwa kukhona futhi uhlangothi oluhle: ngokusebenza kahle, injini ye-diesel ingahlala isikhathi eside kunenjini kaphethiloli. Uma imoto kuphethiloli mileage ayizinkulungwane 400 kuyinto umkhawulo, khona-ke kukhona amasampula diesel ukuthi baye bahamba amakhilomitha afinyelela kwesigidi eminyakeni 20-30 yokusebenza.

Awudingi ukuya kude kakhulu, thatha ngisho nogandaganda noma amaloli avamile, ngezinye izikhathi asebenza amashumi eminyaka ambalwa. Abashayeli bamaloli bashayela ogandaganda abafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziyikhulu ngonyaka. Yiqiniso, ngemva kohambo ngalunye, kufanele kulungiswe okuthile, kodwa imayela lezimoto ezinjalo ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane nezigidi zamakhilomitha.

okutholakele

Kunzima ukusho noma yini ngokungananazi, konke kuncike ezidingweni zomuntu ngamunye. Ohambweni lwansuku zonke lokuya emsebenzini kanye nokugijima kwansuku zonke okungengaphezu kuka-50-80 km, ngeke ubone umehluko omkhulu.

Idizili iyindlela enenzuzo kulabo abenza imali ezimotweni zabo: izindleko ezibizayo nokugcinwa kwazo zizokhokha kakhulu ngophethiloli wedizili oshibhile.

Kufanele futhi ucabangele ukuthi bakhona yini ochwepheshe edolobheni lakho abangasevisa izinjini zikadizili ezingeni eliphezulu lobungcweti.

Iyalayisha...