Isevisi eshibhile? Hlola ukuthi ungonga kanjani

Njengoba izindleko zokunakekelwa kwemoto zikhuphuka njalo, abashayeli bafuna izindlela ezishibhile zokugcina imoto yabo isesimweni esifanele sobuchwepheshe. Awukwazi ukweqa ezokuphepha, kodwa ungasebenzisa imali encane futhi uqhubeke ushayela imoto esebenzayo nephephile.

Ukuvakasha esikhathini esingaphansi kwenyanga kuwucingo lokugcina lokunakekela imoto yakho futhi ukwenze ngentengo efanelekile. Ukugcina imoto isesimweni esihle sobuchwepheshe kuya kubiza kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-MotoFocus.pl, eminyakeni emithathu edlule, umshayeli ojwayelekile wasePoland wachitha i-PLN 1354 ngonyaka ekulungiseni nasekunakekeleni izimoto. Namuhla - ngaphezu kuka-1600 zł. Uma kubhekwa ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo kaphethiloli kanye nomshwalense, kufanelekile ukwenza konke ukulungisa lezi zindleko ngangokunokwenzeka. “Lungisani esikhundleni sokulahla lokhu, okuzoholela ekuwohlokeni okusheshayo kwesimo sobuchwepheshe bemoto kanye nokwehla kwezinga layo lokuphepha, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - ukwanda okukhulu kwezindleko zokuqeda ukukhubazeka okungabangelwa ubudedengu,” kugcizelela uMongameli Alfred Franke. Inhlangano yabasabalalisi nabakhiqizi bezingxenye zezimoto.

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Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo - ukuwohloka okuvamile kakhulu

Nakekela uketshezi lwamabhuleki emotweni yakho

Ngokusho kwenkampani yaseFrance yocwaningo i-GIPA, kakade i-45% yokuvakashela ama-workshops aseYurophu kuwumsebenzi wokuvimbela kanye nokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe. EPoland, iningi livuselelwa kabusha. - Asigcini nje ukulinda ukubonakala kokungasebenzi kahle, kodwa kaningi asizinaki izimpawu zokuqala zokungasebenzi kahle ngenkathi imoto ihamba. Kuphela uma okuthile kuphuka, enye ingxenye iyawa futhi imoto ayikwazi ukuqhubeka - sifuna isitolo sokukhanda. Uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe asethuthuke kakhulu ngezimoto, kusekuningi okumele sikubambe uma kuziwa ezikhathini zokuhlolwa kwezimoto ezivinjwayo,” kusho uWitold Rogowski, uchwepheshe esithangamini se-Automotive for All.

Ukulungiswa kwezindleko zokunakekelwa kwemoto akukwazi nje ukuba ukunganaki okuhlala kunciphisa ukuphepha kokushayela, kodwa kufanele kubandakanye ukukhethwa kwezitolo ezizimele zokukhanda izimoto ezilungiselelwe ngokomsebenzi ukukhanda izimoto njengezinkonzo ezigunyaziwe, kodwa ezishibhe kakhulu kunazo. - Ama-workshops azimele anikezi kuphela izingxenye ezimakwe nge-logo yomkhiqizi wazo wangempela (isb. I-Bosch noma i-Valeo), ehlinzeka ngezingxenye ezifanayo ezinkampanini zezimoto "zomhlangano wokuqala", kodwa "nezingxenye ikhwalithi eqhathaniswayo”, ehlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso zaseYurophu. Izingxenye ezikuyo yomibili le mikhakha ishibhile kunalezo ezithengiswa ezitolo ezisebhokisini anezimpawu zabakhiqizi bezimoto, kuqinisekisa u-Alfred Franke, umongameli we-Association of Automotive Parts Distributors and Manufacturers. E-Poland, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwa yi-MotoFocus.pl, cishe abashayeli abangu-90% basebenzisa izinsizakalo zezimoto ezizimele, futhi bangu-10% kuphela abasebenzisa abagunyaziwe. Lokhu kucishe kufane nesilinganiso sezimoto ezintsha (ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5) nezimoto ezindala. Ngaleso sikhathi, abanikazi bezimoto ezimbozwe iwaranti yomkhiqizi bangakwazi ngokuphepha ukuhlola nokulungiswa kwama-workshops azimele, ilungelo eliphoqelelwa yimithetho yezomthetho yaseYurophu ngendlela yeziqondiso zemboni, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-GVO". Iqiniso lokuthi kunenzuzo ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zemoto ezizimele liphinde lifakazelwe enye idatha - nakuba wonke umshayeli weshumi esebenzisa izinsizakalo ezigunyaziwe, isabelo semakethe salezi zinsizakalo sicishe sibe ngu-50%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-ASO ibiza kakhulu kunamagaraji azimele.

Kufanelekile ukusho enye idatha: eminyakeni engu-7 edlule, isabelo sezindleko zabasebenzi enanini lokulungisa siye sakhula kancane kancane. Ngo-2004, abasebenzi babalelwa ku-40% wezindleko zokulungiswa, namuhla sekuvele ku-53%. Intengo yehora lomuntu endaweni yokusebenzela ezimele ivamise ukuba uhhafu kunaleyo yasensimini egunyaziwe, ngakho uma sisebenzisa izinsiza ezizimele sikhokha kancane kakhulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlehlisa ukuhlola, nokunye ukulungisa, akongi. “Kufana nempilo: ukuvikela kungcono kunokwelapha. Izindleko zokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela zihlala ziphansi kunokwelashwa ochwepheshe. Ukubuyekeza kungenziwa mahhala ngisho nangesikhathi senye inkonzo. Yiqiniso, izingxenye ezigugile, futhi ukushintshwa kwazo kuzodingeka zikhokhe. Nokho, uma imoto imile, kungenzeka Kuvele ukuthi kufanele ukhokhe izindleko zokudonsa enkonzweni. Ukwengeza, ukungasebenzi kahle okungathi sína, uma kunganakwa ngokuphelele, kunemiphumela yako - futhi kuyodingeka futhi kulungiswe. Ukucindezeleka, ukuchitha imali nokumosha isikhathi, kuxwayisa uVitold Rogovsky, uchwepheshe weforamu ye-Automotive for All.

Inini imoto edinga kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwethu? Inhlolovo eyenziwe yi-MotoFocus.pl ibonisa ukuthi ama-workshops angu-43% aqophe inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka. Lokhu kungokwemvelo, ngoba lesi sikhathi siqukethe ukuphela kwesikhathi esinzima kakhulu sokusebenza kwemoto - ubusika, kanye nokuqala kwamalungiselelo ohambo lwezwe lasehlobo. Izinsizakalo okuxoxwe ngazo zikhomba ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi ukulungiswa okuvame kakhulu ukumiswa, amabhuleki nokushintshwa kwe-muffler.

Yini okufanele ibe sohlwini lwezinto okufanele uzihlole ngaphambi kokuya eholidini? Ngokusho kukaVitold Rogovsky, into ebaluleke kakhulu ngokuhlolwa okuphelele (kodwa okuhlala kuze kube amahora angu-2) ukulawulwa kokudlala ezinhlelweni zokuqondisa nokumiswa, kanye nesimo sezinto eziguquguqukayo, amalunga enjoloba yensimbi. Isimo sama-disc kanye ne-linings, kanye nesembozo senjoloba yezingxenye ezihambayo zesistimu, kufanele kuhlolwe ohlelweni lwe-brake. Uma isihlabathi singena lapho, izinsimbi noma amasilinda angashintshwa maduzane. - Kudingekile ukuhlola indawo yokubilisa ye-brake fluid - ngemva kwenkathi emanzi yasekwindla-ebusika, ingahla kakhulu. Ngokwehla ende, isibonelo, ezintabeni, ingabila futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki, - ukhumbula uWitold Rogovsky, uchwepheshe weforamu ye-Automotive for All. Lokhu akugcini nje ukunciphisa ukuphepha, kodwa futhi kwandisa ingozi yokugqwala kwamasilinda namapistoni kumjikelezo wamabhuleki, ukuvala nokulungisa ngokushesha.

Hlola injini nokudluliswa kokuvuza ohlelweni lokupholisa noma uwoyela. Kufanele futhi unakekele ukukhanya okusebenza kahle futhi - ukuze uthole induduzo nempilo yakho - isimo se-air conditioner. - Abanye abashayeli bavala ngokuphelele ebusika, futhi lokhu kuyiphutha - ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukuyivula. Amasistimu esimanje anokuvikelwa ekuqaliseni nasekulimaleni kwe-compressor uma kwenzeka kuvuza isiqandisi, kodwa akugcini nje ngokuyigcwalisa. Into esemqoka ukuhlola ukuvuza, bese kuphela esikhundleni sefriji. Ukuze kube nokunethezeka kokushayela ngisho nempilo, imigudu yokukhipha umoya kufanele ihlanzwe futhi ibulawe amagciwane. Ubusika kuyisikhathi esikahle sokunqwabelana komswakama, okhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta namagciwane, kusho uWitold Rogowski, uchwepheshe weforamu ye-Automotive for All.

Kuyafaneleka ukuhlola isimo se-shock absorbers. Uphawu oluvame kakhulu oluyisixwayiso lokuguga ukungqongqoza. Umdlalo we-suspension ekuqaleni unikeza kuphela umbono ongemuhle wokulahlekelwa ukunemba kokuqondisa. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singanakwa kuphela kuze kube iphuzu elithile: ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokushayela, umshayeli ufuna ukuhamba ngokushesha, bese lokho okwenza umbono ongemuhle kube nemiphumela emangalisayo, ngoba esimweni esibucayi imoto izoziphatha. ngokungalindelekile. Ukudlala kusiteringi noma ukumiswa nakho kuzoba nemiphumela efanayo.

Ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle kwe-damper kuyinto okubaluleka kwayo okungenakulinganiswa ngokweqile. Akuthinti kuphela izinga lokuphepha, kodwa futhi nesimo sezinye izingxenye eziningi zemoto. Ibanga lokubhuleka lemoto ehamba ngesivinini esingama-80 km/h enezibambisi zokushaqeka ezingasebenzi likhuphuka okungenani ngamamitha angu-2-3. Uma ukumbozwa kubi kakhulu, umgwaqo uzoba mude. Ama-shock absorber angasebenzi aphazamisa i-ABS (okuholela ekwenyukeni kwebanga lokubhuleka) kanye ne-ESP (okungenzeka, esimweni esibucayi, ihumushe ngokungalungile amasignali avela kuzinzwa). Lapho ama-absorbers e-shock agqokwa ngamaphesenti angu-50, isivinini se-arc esiphephile singancishiswa ngo-10%, kanye nesivinini lapho i-aquaplaning (ukweqa emanzini amancane) kungenzeka.

Phela ama- shock absorption aphelelwe amandla ashintsha ukuziphatha kwemoto ngendlela yokuthi ingakwazi ukujika isiteringi. Ukwengeza, emotweni enephutha, umshayeli ukhathala ngokushesha futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isikhathi sakhe sokusabela sikhuphuka ngekota.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo esibi se-shock absorbers sibangela ukugqoka okwengeziwe kwezinye izingxenye futhi kubangela izindleko ezengeziwe. Ama-suspension springs, ama-elementi e-rubber suspension, ama-ball joints, ngisho negiya lokuqondisa noma okuhlukile kulayishwa kakhulu. Iphinde ibangele ukulimala kwesondo. Ngokuqaphela noma ngokungazi (uma singanaki inspection) ukwelula impilo ye-shock absorbers engasebenzi kuzoholela ngokushesha eqinisweni lokuthi ukulungiswa akugcini nje ngokushintsha le nto yegiya eligijimayo.

Kuhlelo lwamabhuleki, ama-brake caliper kuma-guide noma ama-self-adjuster ama-brake pads ngokuvamile angcolile, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki. Omunye umphumela ukungalingani, ukuguga okusheshisiwe kwama-friction linings kanye nesidingo sokushintshwa kwawo ngokushesha. Ukuhlanza lezi zinto ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kugwema izindleko ezingadingekile, eziphakeme.

Uhlelo lwe-exhaust lungenye yalezo zingxenye ezisengozini yokulimala, ikakhulukazi kusuka ekugqwaleni. Ekugcineni, ulwelwesi lwamabhokisi e-muffler noma amapayipi awaxhumayo aphukile. Ukudlidliza kokungahambi kahle kusheshisa ukucindezelwa kwesixhumi esivumelana nezimo. Umphumela awukona nje umsindo ongemnandi ongena ngaphakathi kwemoto, kodwa futhi nokukhululwa kwamagesi okukhipha endaweni lapho imoto ingakhelwanga khona lokhu. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni bangene e-salon. Uma ukugqwala noma omunye umonakalo kwenzeka ngemva kwesistimu, okuhlanganisa isiguquli se-catalytic, lokhu kungaholela ekungasebenzini kahle kophenyo lwe-lambda kanye nemiphumela eyengeziwe, okuhlanganisa ukulimala kwesiguquli se-catalytic kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokweqile. Ngisho nokungasebenzi kahle okunjalo okulula futhi okubonakala kungenamsebenzi, njengekhefu kuma-hangers aguquguqukayo wesistimu yokukhipha umoya, kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu: kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezingxenye zesistimu ezisebenzayo kanye nesidingo sokuzishintsha, okusho izindleko ezingadingekile.

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Isikhathi sesevisi ye-air conditioner

Linganisa umakhenikha wakho

Amawipha omoya asekupheleni kohlu lwezinto ezidinga ukuhlolwa. Kunconywa ukuthi esikhundleni sazo okungenani kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Eqinisweni, ngemva konyaka, izimpaphe ziguga kangangokuthi lapho zisebenza emvuleni, zishiya amabala engilazini. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-wiper, amabhulashi enjoloba aqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungaholela emiklwelweni emincane engilazini. Zingabangela ukucabanga okukhathalayo lapho ushayela ebusuku. Ukususwa kwazo ngokupholisha ingilazi kungenye izindleko, akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi.

"Izindleko zokuhlolwa kwezobuchwepheshe akufanele zifake izindleko zesevisi efanayo kuphela," kusho uVitold Rogovsky, uchwepheshe we-Automotive for All Forum. - Amasayithi agunyazwe ngokusekelwa kwabezindaba futhi enze ukubuyekezwa kwamahhala. Nokho, akukho mayelana izindleko zabo. Yonke imoto inenkinga. Izindleko zokuyisusa yindawo eyodwa lapho kuzoba khona umehluko wangempela wamanani. Isevisi ezimele ingabheka futhi mahhala. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zezingxenye ezidinga ukushintshwa zingaba ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-2.