Yini igeji yengcindezi futhi yenzelwe ini

Yini igeji yokucindezela

Igeji ye-automobile pressure gauge - idivayisi yokulinganisa ingcindezi kumathayi emoto. Emishinini ekhethekile, ama-gauge okucindezela asetshenziswa njalo njengesilinganiso sokucindezela kwamafutha nama-brake cylinders. Ake sibhekisise izikali zomfutho wesondo. 

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, amathayi ezimoto alahlekelwa yingcindezi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, okuholela ekonakaleni kokusebenza kokushayela kanye nengozi lapho ushayela. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola umehluko kwingcindezi phakathi kwamathayi "ngeso", ngakho-ke sidinga igeji yengcindezi yokulinganisa okunembile.

Yini okubonisayo futhi kulinganisa ini?

Igeji yengcindezi yemoto iyigeji ekala ubukhulu bomoya ngaphakathi kwesondo. Iyunithi yokukala yi-kgf / cm² noma i-Bar (i-Bar). Futhi, idivayisi yokulinganisa ingasetshenziselwa ukukala ingcindezi kumasilinda wokumiswa komoya. Iziketi zomoya ezenziwe ngomumo zivame ukugcwaliswa ngamageji wokudayela avela emotweni yeKamAZ, ngoba inegeji yokudayela ekhombisa ingcindezi efinyelela kuma-atmospheres ayi-10, futhi ihlukaniswa ngokunemba kwezinkomba. Umgomo wokusebenza kwegeji yengcindezi yamathayi nokumiswa komoya kuyefana, ngoba zisebenza ngokomgomo ofanayo.

Iyini igeji yengcindezi? Ngokuyinhloko ukuphepha. Kuma-athikili adlule, sithinte isihloko sokwehluka kwengcindezi yamathayi, nokuthi kuholelaphi (ekugqokeni okungalingani kwamathayi, ingozi eyengeziwe yokushayela, ukwanda kokusebenzisa uphethiloli). Imvamisa le divayisi ihlanganiswa nepompo, kungaba ngomshini noma ngogesi, kepha ukuze kufundwe ingcindezi yesondo, ipompo kufanele linamathele ngokuphephile ku-valve, okungahambisani nhlobo. 

Kuhlanganisani? 

Igeji yengcindezi elula kunazo zonke iqukethe:

• izindlu;
• Amashubhu noma ulwelwesi lweBourdon;
• imicibisholo;
• amashubhu;
• kufaneleka.

Isimiso sokusebenza

I-gauge ye-mechanical elula kakhulu isebenza kanje: ingxenye eyinhloko yi-tube ye-Bourdon, okuthi, lapho umfutho womoya ujova, uhambisa umcibisholo. Uma uxhunywe ku-valve, ukucindezela komoya kusebenza ku-tube yethusi, evame ukugoba, ngenxa yokuthi enye ingxenye ye-tube isebenza entweni, ihambisa umcibisholo. Umgomo ofanayo wokusebenza uyasebenza kugeji yomfutho we-diaphragm. 

I-electro pressure gauge iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, into ebucayi isetshenziswa njengemitha, ukufundwa kwayo kudluliselwa ebhodini le-elekthronikhi, bese kuboniswa.

Izinhlobo ze-Pressure Gauges

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamageji okucindezela izimoto:

• ngomshini;
• i-rack ne-pinion;
• yedijithali.

Imishini. Okukhethekile kwalezi zilinganiso zokucindezela ukuklama kwazo okulula nokuthembeka. Izindleko zedivayisi ziphansi, uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini yokubeka kanye nedijithali. Inzuzo eyinhloko ukufunda ingcindezi ngokushesha nangokunembile, ukutholakala kwedivayisi (ethengiswa kuzo zonke izitolo zezimoto), kanye nokuthembeka. Okuwukuphela kwe-drawback ukuzwela kumswakama. 

Amanye ama-gauge wokukhanda awakhombisi nje kuphela ingcindezi, kepha avumela umoya owedlulele ukuthi ukhishwe ukufeza ukufundwa okufunayo. Ngalokhu, inkinobho yokukhishwa kwengcindezi itholakala kubhubhu lokulinganisa ingcindezi. 

Kunconywa ukuthi uthenge amamodeli abiza kakhulu ngekesi lensimbi, elinokusebenza okucacile nokulungile.

Umugqa. Umzimba ungaba upulasitiki noma insimbi, okuhlanganiswayo kuhlanganiswe emzimbeni noma kukhona ipayipi eliguquguqukayo elicishe libe ngamasentimitha angama-30. Isimiso sokusebenza sifana negeji yokucindezela imishini, izindleko ziphansi, kepha umzimba uvame ukuba sengozini yokulimala. 

Idijithali. Ilula ngoba ikhombisa inani lengcindezi kuma-hundredths. Kwehlukile ekufundweni okucacile, kukhona ukukhanya kwangemuva kokubonisa, kepha ebusika idivayisi inganikeza amanani ngamaphutha. Igeji yengcindezi ye-elekthronikhi yicompact kakhulu, kepha icala lepulasitiki lidinga ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kwalokho kunengozi yokuchoboza icala.

Kuye ngesicelo

Amageji ajwayelekile omfutho wobuchwepheshe asetshenziswa ukukala ingcindezi yoketshezi olungacwebezeli, amagesi nesitimu. Isici esibalulekile esivumela ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinhlobo zezikali zokucindezela ukuxhumana nemidiya engagqwali.

Ngoketshezi/amagesi anolaka noma akhethekile, kusetshenziswa amageji omfutho wezobuchwepheshe akhethekile. Imishini enjalo iphinde isetshenziswe lapho izimo zokusebenza zingazinzile, njengokudlidliza okuqinile okungapheli, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi, njll.

Amadivayisi akhethekile afaka:

1. i-ammonia manometer;
2. I-manometer ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala;
3. I-manometer ye-Copper-resistant-resistant;
4. Igeji yengcindezi engazweli ukudlidliza eyenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali;
5. Isikali sokucindezela sokulinganisa okunembile;
6. Isilinganiso somfutho wesitimela;
7. I-electrocontact manometer.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala zamadivayisi zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma ama-alloys ensimbi amelana nezindawo ezinolaka. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezilandelayo zamadivayisi zifakelwe ukukala ingcindezi ezimeni ezinezinga lokudlidliza elidlula ipharamitha evamile (leyo igeji yokucindezela evamile engakwazi ukuyiphatha) izikhathi ezingu-4-5. Kulezi zilinganiso zokucindezela, isici esikhethekile somswakama sifakiwe.

Ukuba khona kwalesi sici kunciphisa ukushaywa kwe-pressure gauge. Amanye amamodeli amelana nokudlidliza asebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile lokudambisa (imvamisa i-glycerin - lumunca kahle ukudlidliza).

Isigaba sesihlanu samadivayisi sisetshenziswa ezinkampanini zokulawulwa kwe-metrological kahulumeni, ukushisa, amanzi, ukunikezwa kwamandla, kumabhizinisi wobunjiniyela nezinye izinkampani lapho ukulinganisa okunembile kakhulu kwenkomba yokucindezela kuyadingeka. Lawa mathuluzi angasetshenziswa njengamazinga okulinganisa noma okuhlola amathuluzi ahlukahlukene.

I-gauge ye-pressure gauge isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zesiqandisi, izitimela zikaloliwe ukukala i-vacuum eyeqile. Isici sale mishini ukuba sengozini kwezinto ezinolaka ezingxenyeni zethusi.

Isici se-electrocontact pressure gauge ubukhona beqembu lokuxhumana ngogesi. Imishini enjalo ifakelwa ukukala ingcindezi yendawo engenalo ulaka futhi ivule/ivale ngokuzenzakalelayo iyunithi yomjovo. Isibonelo salezi zilinganiso zokucindezela umklamo wesiteshi sokuphakela amanzi. Ngokucindezelwa ngaphansi kwepharamitha ebekiwe, iphampu ivula, futhi lapho ingcindezi ifinyelela embundwini othile, iqembu lokuxhumana liyavula.

I-Manometer ye-Liquid: isimiso sokusebenza

Lolu hlobo lwe-manometer lusebenza ngomgomo wokuhlangenwe nakho kukaTorricelli (omunye wabafundi baseGalileo Galilei), futhi wavela emuva ngekhulu le-XNUMX elikude. Nakuba lesi simiso sachazwa uLeonardo da Vinci encwadini yakhe ephathelene ne-hydraulics, izincwadi zakhe zatholakala kuphela ngekhulu le-XNUMX. Umdwebi uchaze indlela yokulinganisa umfutho wamanzi kusetshenziswa isistimu efanayo kusuka esakhiweni esingenalutho esimise okwe-U. Enguqulweni yesimanje, idivayisi iqukethe amashubhu amabili axhunywe komunye nomunye ngokuvumelana nesimiso semikhumbi yokuxhumana (i-U-shaped design).

Amashubhu agcwaliswa uhhafu ngoketshezi (imvamisa i-mercury). Lapho uketshezi lungaphansi kokucindezela komkhathi, izinga loketshezi kuwo womabili amashubhu liyafana. Ukuze ulinganise ingcindezi ohlelweni oluvaliwe, isifunda sokwehla kwamandla emali sixhunywe kwelinye lamashubhu. Uma ukucindezela ohlelweni kuphakeme kunomkhathi, izinga le-liquid kwelinye ithubhu liyoba liphansi, kanti kwelinye - liphakeme.

Umehluko ekuphakameni koketshezi uboniswa ngamamilimitha e-mercury. Ukuze ubale ukuthi kungakanani kuma-pascals, udinga ukukhumbula: isentimitha eyodwa ye-mercury ilingana no-1333.22 Pa.

I-Deformation manometers: isimiso sokusebenza

Imishini enjalo ikala ngokushesha ingcindezi kuma-pascal. Isici esiyinhloko se-strain gauge yi-Bourdon tube, eyenziwe ngesimo sokuvunguza. Ugcwele uphethiloli. Lapho umfutho weshubhu ukhula, amakhoyili ayo aqonde. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ixhunywe kumcibisholo obonisa ipharamitha ehambisanayo esikalini esithweswe iziqu.

Esikhundleni saleli shubhu, noma iyiphi into enwebekayo engakwazi ukuwohloka ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi ibuyele endaweni yayo yokuqala lapho ukucindezela kukhululwa ingasetshenziswa. Kungaba intwasahlobo, ulwelwesi, njll. Isimiso siyafana: isici esiguquguqukayo sishintsha ngaphansi kwengcindezi, futhi umcibisholo onamathiselwe ekupheleni kwesici ubonisa ipharamitha yokucindezela.

Imvamisa, ezimeni zasekhaya nasekukhiqizeni, kusetshenziswa amageji omfutho we-deformation asetshenziswayo. Zihluke komunye nomunye ngokuqina kwento ekhubazekile (kuye ngokuthi ingcindezi elinganisiwe). Ezimotweni, lolu hlobo lokulinganisa umfutho lusetshenziswa.

Amageji e-Piston: umgomo wokusebenza

Lawa amageji okucindezela angavamile, nakuba avele ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunama-analogue awo okuguqulwa. Zisetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi ukuze kuhlolwe kahle. Ukwakhiwa kwama-manometers anjalo kungaba okuhlukile. Inketho elula kunazo zonke isitsha esingenalutho esigcwele amafutha futhi sixhunywe endaweni elinganiselwe ngokufaka.

Ngaphakathi kwalesi sitsha kukhona ipiston elilingana kahle nezindonga zembobo ezungeze umjikelezo wonke. Phezulu kwepiston kunesiteji (ipuleti) lapho umthwalo ubekwe khona. Kuye ngengcindezi okufanele ilinganiswe, isisindo esifanele siyakhethwa.

Ukumaka umbala

Ukuze uvimbele ukufakwa ngengozi kwegeji yokucindezela engafanele, uhlobo ngalunye lwezindlu lupendwe ngombala ofanele. Isibonelo, ekusebenzeni nge-ammonia, i-gauge yokucindezela izoba nombala ophuzi, ne-hydrogen - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, namagesi avuthayo - ngokubomvu, nge-oxygen - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, namagesi angashi - amnyama. I-gauge yengcindezi ethintana ne-chlorine izoba nomzimba ompunga, ne-acetylene - emhlophe.

Ngaphezu kokumaka umbala, amageji okucindezela akhethekile amakwa ngophawu olubonisa indawo yokulinganisa. Isibonelo, kuma-manometers oksijini, ngaphezu kombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wecala, kuzoba nombhalo we-O2.

Izinzuzo zokusebenza ngamageji wokucindezela

Iyini igeji yengcindezi? Okokuqala, kungumsizi ongenakubuyiselwa kubo bonke abathandi bezimoto, ikakhulukazi kulabo abavame ukusebenzisa imoto ukushayela esihlabathini nangaphandle komgwaqo, lapho kudingeka khona ukucindezelwa kwengcindezi noma ukupompa. 

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-manometer? Kalula nje: udinga ukufaka ukufakwa ku-valve yesondo, emva kwalokho umcibisholo wedivayisi uzobonisa ingcindezi yangempela. Idivayisi yedijithali kufanele iqale ivulwe. Ngendlela, ukuze ungahloli njalo ukwehla kwamandla emali kwamathayi, kukhona ama-valve akhethekile anezinzwa zokucindezela. Izinzwa ezilula kakhulu zifakwe izingono ezinemibala emithathu: eluhlaza - ingcindezi ijwayelekile, ephuzi - idinga ukupompa, ebomvu - isondo liyisicaba.

Kukhona futhi amasistimu enziwe ngomumo anombukiso we-LCD ofakwe ku-cabin, azisa u-24/7 ngesimo somfutho wesondo. Izimoto eziningi zesimanje sezivele zinesistimu yolwazi lomfutho wesondo ojwayelekile, kanye namaSUV anomsebenzi wokupompa noma wokucindezela. Ngandlela thize, ukuba negeji yokulinganisa ingcindezi kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba umfutho wesondo ofanele uwukhiye wokushayela okuphephile nokunethezekile.

Yini okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukhetha igeji yengcindezi?

Ngaphambi kokuthenga okokusebenza okusha, kunamapharamitha ambalwa abalulekile okufanele awacabangele. Lokhu akudingeki uma ukuguqulwa okuthile kusetshenziselwa uhlelo lokusebenza futhi kutholakala ngokuthengisa. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele amapharamitha akhethekile uma i-original ingathengiswa, kepha i-analog yayo iyakhethwa.

Ipharamitha yebanga lokulinganisa

Mhlawumbe lena ngenye yamapharamitha abaluleke kakhulu lapho kukhethwa khona izilinganiso zokucindezela ezintsha. Ububanzi obujwayelekile bezilinganiso zokucindezela kufaka phakathi amanani anjalo (kg / cm²):

• I-0-1;
• I-0-1.6;
• I-0-2.5;
• I-0-4;
• I-0-6;
• I-0-10;
• I-0-16;
• I-0-25;
• I-0-40;
• I-0-60;
• I-0-100;
• I-0-160;
• I-0-250;
• I-0-400;
• I-0-600;
• 0-1000.

Ngenye kg / cm²Ibha ye-0.9806 noma i-0.09806 MPa.

Kumamitha we-manovacuum, ububanzi obujwayelekile bamanani (kgf / cm²):

• Kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- + 0.6;
• Kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- + 1.5;
• Kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- + 3;
• Kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- + 5;
• Kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- + 9;
• Kusuka ku -1 kuye ku- + 15;
• Kusuka -1 kuye +24.

Ngenye kgf / cm² ama-atmospheres amabili (noma ibha), 0.1 MPa.

Okwezilinganiso zokuhlanza, ibanga elijwayelekile ngu-1 kuya ku-0 kilogram-force ngamasentimitha ayisikwele.

Uma kunokungabaza ngokuthi isiphi isilinganiso okufanele sibe kule divayisi, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi ingcindezi yokusebenza iphakathi kuka-1/3 no-2/3 wesikali. Isibonelo, uma ingcindezi elinganisiwe kufanele ibe yi-5.5 atmospheres, khona-ke kungcono ukuthatha idivayisi ekala ama-atmospheres afinyelela kwayishumi ngenani eliphakeme.

Uma ingcindezi elinganisiwe ingaphansi kuka-1/3 wokwehlukaniswa kwesikali, lapho-ke idivayisi izokhombisa imininingwane engalungile. Uma kuthengwa idivayisi, inani layo eliphezulu eliseduze nengcindezi elinganisiwe, kuthi lapho kukalwa igeji yengcindezi izosebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo okhuphukile futhi izokwehluleka ngokushesha.

Ipharamitha yesigaba sokunemba

Ngamanye amagama, lena ipharamitha yephutha evunyelwa ngumenzi wemodeli ethile yemishini. Uhlu olujwayelekile lwamakilasi okunemba lufaka amamodeli anamapharamitha alandelayo:

• 4;
• I-2.5;
• I-1.5;
• 1;
• I-0.6;
• I-0.4;
• I-0.25;
• 0.15.

Ngokwemvelo, okuncane kwephutha ledivayisi, kubiza izindleko zalo. Uma isigaba sokunemba esichazwe ngumkhiqizi singafani, idivayisi ayinakusetshenziswa, njengoba izokhombisa idatha engalungile. Ungathola ngalokhu kungqubuzana ngokulandelayo. Isibonelo, inani eliphakeme esikalini lisethwe kuma-atmospheres ayi-10. Idivayisi inesigaba sephutha esingu-1.5. okungukuthi, ukungafani okungu-1.5% kwamukelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphambuka okuvumelekile esikalini kungenzeka (kulokhu) nge-0.15 atm.

Umcibisholo ukhombisa isigaba sephutha se-manometer

Akunakwenzeka ukulinganisa noma ukuhlola idivayisi ekhaya, ngoba lokhu kudinga idivayisi yesethenjwa enephutha elincane. Ukuhlola ukusebenziseka, lezi zikali zokucindezela zixhunywe kulayini owodwa. Ingcindezi inikezwa ngayo, futhi izinkomba zamadivayisi ziyaqhathaniswa.

Ipharamitha yobubanzi be-gauge

Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu kumamodeli anomzimba oyindilinga kanye nesikali esifanayo. Uma ubukhulu bubanzi, amamaki amaningi angenziwa, futhi kunqunywa nemingcele enembile.

Uhlu lwamadayimitha ajwayelekile (ngamamilimitha) wezikali zokucindezela lubandakanya:

• I-40;
• I-50;
• I-63;
• I-80;
• I-100;
• I-150;
• I-160;
• 250.

Binda indawo

Ukuma kwephuzu lokuhlola nakho kubalulekile. Kukhona amamodeli ane:

• Ukuhlelwa kwe-Radial. Kulokhu, itholakala ezansi kwedivayisi ngaphansi kwesikali. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukukala imingcele yengcindezi emigodini okunzima ukuyifinyelela. Amasondo ezimoto ayisibonelo salokhu;
• Qeda indawo. Kulokhu, ingono itholakala ngemuva kwedivayisi.

Imodeli efanelekile ikhethwa ngokuya ngezimo zokulinganisa kanye nezimpawu zamaphoyinti wokulinganisa kulayini noma umkhumbi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze okulingana kuhambisane ngokuqinile ngangokunokwenzeka emgodini wokulinganisa wesitsha.

Intambo yokuxhuma

Iningi lamageji okucindezela anemicu yokuxhuma yemethrikhi namapayipi. Amasayizi alandelayo ajwayelekile:

• I-M10 * 1;
• I-M12 * 1.5;
• I-M20 * 1.5;
• G1 / 8;
• G1 / 4;
• G1 / 2.

Ama-manometer asekhaya athengiswa ngentambo yemethrikhi yepayipi lokuxhuma. Ama-analogs angenisiwe - ngemicu yamapayipi.

Isikhathi sokulinganisa

Lesi yisikhathi lapho imishini kumele ihlolwe khona. Lapho uthenga igeji entsha yengcindezi, isivele iqinisekisiwe (efektri). Lokhu kuboniswa isitikha esihambisanayo. Ukuqinisekiswa okunjalo kudingwa yimishini yobuchwepheshe. Uma inketho ithengwa ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, inqubo enjalo ayidingekile.

Ukuqinisekiswa kokuqala kwemishini yezinkampani zeminyango kusebenza unyaka owodwa noma emibili (kuya ngemininingwane yenkampani). Le nqubo yenziwa izinkampani ezinamalayisense. Imvamisa kufanele usebenzise imali eningi ekuhloleni kabusha kunokuthenga imishini emisha.

Ngalesi sizathu, uma kunesidingo sokusebenzisa i-gauge yokulinganisa elinganisiwe, kuyasebenziseka kakhulu ukuthenga inketho ngokuqinisekiswa kokuqala kweminyaka emibili. Lapho kufika isikhathi sokwenza kabusha, udinga ukubala ukuthi le nqubo izophumela ini, kufaka phakathi ukufaka idivayisi futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuyilungisa.

Uma ohlelweni lapho kufakwa khona igeji yengcindezi, ukushaqeka kwamanzi kwenzeka kaningi noma kwenziwa eminye imithwalo ephezulu, emva kweminyaka emibili yokusebenza, uhhafu wemishini awudlulisi ukuqinisekiswa, futhi usadinga ukukhokhela inqubo .

Izimo zokusebenza zamageji okucindezela

Lesi ngesinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa igeji entsha yengcindezi. Endabeni yokusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinomthwalo owandisiwe ngenxa yokuchayeka ezintweni ezinomsoco noma ezinolaka, ukudlidliza okungapheli, kanye namazinga okushisa aqine (adlula +100 nangaphansi kuka -40 degrees), kuyadingeka ukuthenga imishini ekhethekile. Imvamisa, umenzi ukhombisa amandla wegeji ukusebenza ngaphansi kwalezi zimo.

Ukuguqulwa kwamayunithi okucindezela ama-manometers

Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukukala amanani engcindezi angajwayelekile. Izikali ezingajwayelekile zisetshenziselwa izikali zobungcweti, kepha zibiza kakhulu. Nakhu ukuthi ungaguqula kanjani amayunithi wokulinganisa angajwayelekile abe amamethrikhi esiwajwayele.

Ngenye kgf / cm² 10000 kgf / m², umkhathi owodwa, ibha eyodwa, i-0.1MPa, i-100 kPa, i-100 Pa, i-000 millimeters yamanzi, ama-10 millimeter we-mercury noma i-mbar eyinkulungwane. Ungadala isikali esidingekayo ngeziqu ezifanele ngokwakho.

Yini okudingeka uyazi ukufaka izikali zokucindezela?

Ukufaka igeji yokucindezela kulayini ngaphansi kwengcindezi, udinga ukusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile. Kulokhu, i-valve yezindlela ezintathu iyadingeka kanye ne-valve yenaliti. Ukuvikela ifoni, kufakwa uphawu lwe-diaphragm, i-damper block nento yokukhetha i-loop.

Ake sicabangele izici zedivayisi ngayinye.

I-valve yezindlela ezintathu yegeji yokucindezela

Ibhola noma ipulagi yezindlela ezintathu kusetshenziswa ukuxhuma igeji yokucindezela kulayini. Kwezinye izimo, kuvunyelwe ukufaka i-analog yezindlela ezimbili, kepha kufanele kube nokusethwa kabusha okwenziwa ngesandla. Konke kuncike kuzimpawu zomgwaqo omkhulu.

Umpompi ojwayelekile awulungile, ngoba noma ngabe ngemuva kokuvala ukufinyelela okuphakathi kwegeji yengcindezi, idivayisi ihlala ingaphansi kwengcindezi (ingcindezi ingaphakathi kwensimbi). Ngenxa yalokhu, ingahluleka ngokushesha. Kusetshenziswa ipulagi yezindlela ezintathu noma i-valve yebhola emigqeni enezingcindezi ezifika ku-25 kilogram-force ngesentimitha lesikwele ngalinye. Uma ingcindezi kulayini iphakeme, igeji yokucindezela kufanele ifakwe nge-valve yenaliti.

Lapho uthenga i-gauge entsha ne-valve, qiniseka ukuthi imicu ilungile.

Ibhlokhi yedamper

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, le divayisi yenzelwe ukudambisa ukushisa ngaphakathi kolayini (isando samanzi). I-damper block ibekwe ngaphambi kwesikali sokucindezela, kucatshangelwa ukuqondiswa kokuhamba kwaphakathi. Uma ungasicimi isando samanzi esivelayo, lokhu kuzothinta ukunemba kwesilinganiso sengcindezi.

Ukudwengula kulayini kungahle kube ngenxa yokusebenza kwepompo elingenayo isiqalo esithambile. Futhi, isando samanzi senzeka lapho kuvulwa / kuvalwa ama-valve evamile ebhola. Banqume ngokungazelelwe indawo yokuphuma yokusebenza, yingakho kube nokugxuma okubukhali kwingcindezi engaphakathi kolayini.

Izimpawu ze-diaphragm

I-diaphragm seal ivimbela ukuxubana kwezinto ezimbili ezihlukene ezigcwalisa amasekethe amabili ahlukene ohlelweni. Isibonelo esilula sezinto ezinjalo ulwelwesi olufakwe ezindaweni zokusebenza zokumiswa kweHydractive hydropneumatic (bona imininingwane ngakho kokunye ukubuyekeza).

Uma kusetshenziswa uphawu lwe-diaphragm ngawedwa kulayini (idivaysi ehlukile engafakwanga kudivayisi yezinqubo ezithile), lapho-ke lapho uxhuma igeji yengcindezi kuyo, qiniseka ukuthi imicu yayo iyafana.

Needle valve block

Le yidivayisi lapho okulandelayo kuhlanganiswe khona nomgogodla:

• Inzwa yokucindezela ngokweqile;
• Inzwa yengcindezi ephelele;
• Inzwa yokucindezela;
• Izikali zokucindezela.

Le yunithi ivumela ukudonsa kokushaywa yimigqa kanye nokukhululeka kwengcindezi ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi wokufaka kulayini. Ngenxa yale yunithi, kungenzeka, ngaphandle kokunqamula izinzwa ezisuka kokulinganisiwe, ukuxhuma noma ukufaka esikhundleni semishini yokulinganisa.

Lapho ufaka igeji yokucindezela, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele acatshangelwe:

• Qiniseka ukuthi ayikho ingcindezi kulayini;
• Isikali sedivayisi kufanele sibe mpo;
• Musa ukusonta ifoni ngokubamba ukudayela kwayo. Kuyadingeka ukuyihlunga emugqeni, ubambe okulingeneyo ngesixhumi sobukhulu obufanele;
• Ungasebenzisi amandla emzimbeni wokulinganisa ingcindezi.

Izici ukusebenza ingcindezi Izikali

Njengoba ukusebenza kwegeji yengcindezi kuhlotshaniswa nemithwalo ephezulu, ukusebenza okungafanele kwedivayisi kungakunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zomkhiqizi ezichazwe kumadokhumenti ezobuchwepheshe zedivayisi. Ungasebenzisi izikali zokucindezela ezingadizayinelwe ukukala ingcindezi yemidiya enobudlova noma leyo engakwazi ukumelana nokudlidliza okungapheli, amazinga okushisa aphezulu noma aphansi.

Okusho ukuthi, lapho ukhetha idivaysi entsha, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele izimo ezizosebenza kuzo. Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kwamageji okucindezela ukunikezwa okushelelekile kwengcindezi. Ngalesi sizathu, izilinganiso zemoto ezishibhile zehluleka ngokushesha. Uma ngabe idivayisi ikhethwe ngokuya ngezimo zokusebenza, izosebenza kahle sonke isikhathi esabelwe yona.

Ukusebenza kwegeji yokucindezela akuvunyelwe uma kwenzeka:

• Ngokuhanjiswa okushelelayo kwengcindezi kulayini, umcibisholo wedivayisi uphambukiselwe kumajezi noma ungahambi nhlobo, kepha uhamba kuphela ngengcindezi ephezulu;
• Kukhona umonakalo ecaleni, isibonelo, ingilazi iqhekekile;
• Lapho ingcindezi ikhishwa, umcibisholo wedivayisi awubuyeli endaweni yawo yokuqala;
• Iphutha le-manometer alihambelani nepharamitha emenyezelwe ngumenzi.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukulinganisa ama-manometer

Njengoba sesibonile, kukhona ukulinganisa okuyisisekelo nokuphindaphindwayo kwezikali zokucindezela. Inqubo eyinhloko yenziwa esigabeni sokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuthengiswa kwayo. Ukuqinisekisa kuvame ukusebenza unyaka owodwa noma emibili. Lesi sikhathi sizokhonjiswa kwilebula elinamathele emzimbeni wedivayisi noma kuphasiphothi yalo.

Ngemuva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi, idivayisi idinga ukuhlolwa kabusha. Kulokhu, kufanele isebenze. Uma kunokungabaza ngalokhu, khona-ke kungcono ukuthenga i-gauge entsha yokucindezela, ngoba izimali zokubheka ukusebenza kwensiza engasebenzi azibuyiswa.

Ekupheleni kokubuyekezwa, sinikela ngama-gauge we-TOP-5 we-2021:

TOP-5. Izikali zokucindezela ezinhle kakhulu. Usezingeni 2021!

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Sengiphetha - inkulumo emfushane yevidiyo mayelana nokusebenza kwezikali zokucindezela:

Isifundo 58 (esiyinhloko). Izikali zokucindezela

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yimaphi amayunithi wokulinganisa wegeji yengcindezi? Zonke izikali zokucindezela zilinganisa ingcindezi kumayunithi alandelayo: ibha; amandla ekhilogremu ngesentimitha skwele ngasinye; amamilimitha wamakholomu wamanzi; amamilimitha e-mercury; amamitha wekholamu lamanzi; ama-atmospheres ezobuchwepheshe; ama-newtons ngemitha ngayinye eyisikwele (ama-pascals); ama-megapascals; ama-kilopascals.

Isebenza kanjani igeji yokucindezela? Ingcindezi ilinganiswa ngesenzo sengcindezi entweni enwebekayo yedivayisi exhunywe kumcibisholo. Into enwebeka ikhubazekile, ngenxa yokuthi umcibisholo uphambuka, okubonisa inani elihambelanayo. Ukukala ingcindezi yamandla athile, kudingeka into engamelana nenhloko ephindwe kathathu kunenani elidingekayo.

Ngabe igeji yokucindezela iqukethe ini? Le yinsimbi eyindilinga enomzimba wensimbi (ongavamisile ukwenziwa ngepulasitiki) nesembozo sengilazi. Isikali nomcibisholo kuyabonakala ngaphansi kwengilazi. Ehlangothini (kwamanye amamodeli ngemuva) kukhona ukuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe. Amanye amamodeli anenkinobho yokwehlisa ingcindezi emzimbeni. Kumele icindezelwe njalo ngemuva kokulinganisa ingcindezi (lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze into enwebeka ingabi ngaphansi kwengcindezi engapheli futhi ingakhubazi). Kunomshini ngaphakathi kwedivayisi, ingxenye eyinhloko yayo into enwebeka exhunywe kumcibisholo. Ngokuya ngenhloso yedivayisi, indlela yokusebenza ingahluka kunhlobo elula.