yini futhi isebenza kanjani
I-viscous coupling, noma i-viscous coupling, ingenye yamayunithi okudlulisa imoto asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa nokulinganisa i-torque. I-viscous coupling iphinde isetshenziselwe ukudlulisa ukuzungezisa kufeni yokupholisa irediyetha. Akubona bonke abanikazi bezimoto abawazi kahle idivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-viscous coupling, ngakho-ke sinqume ukunikela ngesinye sezindatshana kungosi yethu ye-vodi.su kulesi sihloko.
Okokuqala, umuntu akufanele adideke isimiso sokusebenza kwe-viscous coupling ne-hydraulic coupling noma i-torque converter, lapho ukudluliselwa kwe-torque kwenzeka ngenxa yezakhiwo eziguquguqukayo zamafutha. Endabeni yokuhlanganisa i-viscous, isimiso esihluke ngokuphelele sisetshenziswa - i-viscosity. Into ewukuthi uketshezi olunwebekayo olusekelwe ku-silicon oxide, okungukuthi, i-silicone, luthululelwa emgodini wokuhlanganisa.
Yini i-dilatant fluid? Iwuketshezi okungelona olwase-Newton okubonakala kwayo kuncike ekukhuphukeni kwesivinini futhi kukhuphuka ngokwenyuka kwezinga le-shear strain.. Yile ndlela izici eziyinhloko zoketshezi oluyi-dilatant ezichazwe ngayo kuma-encyclopedia nezincwadi zobuchwepheshe.
Uma sihumushela zonke lezi zindlela zokwakheka olimini oluqondakala kalula kuningi labantu, sizobona ukuthi uketshezi oluncibilikayo okungelona olwase-Newton luvame ukuqinisa (ukwandisa i-viscosity) ngokunyakaziswa ngokushesha. Lolu ketshezi luqina ngesivinini lapho i-crankshaft yemoto ijikeleza khona, okungukuthi, okungenani ku-1500 rpm nangaphezulu.
Ukwazi kanjani ukusebenzisa lesi sakhiwo embonini yezimoto? Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ukuhlanganisa i-viscous kwasungulwa emuva ngo-1917 ngunjiniyela waseMelika uMelvin Severn. Kuleyo minyaka ekude, kwakungekho isicelo sokuhlanganisa i-viscous, ngakho-ke ukusungulwa kwahamba eshalofini. Ngokokuqala ngqa, kwaqagelwa ukuthi kusetshenziswe njengendlela yokuvala ngokuzenzakalelayo umehluko wesikhungo eminyakeni yamashumi ayisithupha yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Futhi baqala ukuyifaka kuwo wonke amasondo ama-SUVs.
Idivayisi
Idivayisi ilula kakhulu:
- i-clutch isesimweni se-cylinder;
- ngaphakathi kukhona ama-shafts amabili angaxhumani komunye nomunye esimweni esivamile - ukushayela nokuqhutshwa;
- amadisks ensimbi akhethekile ahamba phambili futhi aqhutshwayo anamathiselwe kuwo - maningi impela, atholakala nge-coaxially futhi aqhele ngebanga elincane ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi siveze ngokohlelo ukuhlangana kwe-viscous kwesizukulwane esisha. Uhlobo lwayo oludala kwakuyisilinda esincane se-hermetic esinamashafu amabili, okwakufakwa kuwo ama-impeller amabili. Ama-shaft awazange ahlangane.
Ukwazi idivayisi, ungakwazi kalula ukuqagela isimiso sokusebenza. Isibonelo, uma imoto ene-plug-in wonke-wheel drive ishayela kuthelawayeka ojwayelekile, ukuzungezisa kusuka enjini kudluliselwa kuphela i-asi yangaphambili. Ama-shafts nama-disks we-viscous coupling ajikeleza ngesivinini esifanayo, ngakho-ke akukho ukuxuba kwamafutha endlini.
Lapho imoto ishayela emgwaqeni owubhuqu noma oneqhwa futhi amasondo akuyodwa yama-ekseli eqala ukushibilika, ama-shaft ekuxhumaneni kwe-viscous aqala ukuzungeza ngesivinini esihlukile. Kungaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo lapho izakhiwo ze-delatant liquids zizibonakalisa khona - ziqina ngokushesha. Kanjalo, amandla okudonsa asuka enjinini aqala ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuwo womabili ama-ekseli. Amasondo onke axhunyiwe.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-viscosity yoketshezi incike ejubaneni lokujikeleza. Lapho i-ax eyodwa iphenduka ngokushesha, yilapho uketshezi luba ne-viscous, luthola izakhiwo zokuqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-couplings esimanje e-viscous aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi ngenxa yokucindezela kwamafutha, ama-discs nama-shafts ahlanganiswe ndawonye, ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa okuthembekile kwe-torque enkulu kuwo womabili ama-axles amasondo.
I-viscous coupling yesistimu yokupholisa isebenza ngesimiso esifanayo, ilawula kahle isivinini sabalandeli. Uma injini isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile, i-viscosity ye-fluid ayinyuki kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-fan ayiphenduki ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngokushesha nje lapho isivinini sanda, amafutha ku-clutch ayaxuba futhi aqinise. Ifeni iqala ukujikeleza ngokushesha nakakhulu, iqondise ukugeleza komoya kumaseli erediyetha.
Izinzuzo nezingozi nebubi
Njengoba ungabona kulolu lwazi olungenhla, ukuhlanganisa i-viscous kuwukusungulwa okuhlakaniphile. Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, abakhiqizi bezimoto benqabile kakhulu ukuyifaka, bekhetha ama-clutch e-Haldex alawulwa ngenkani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-viscous couplings ezimotweni ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo ezine-ABS kuyinkinga impela.
Ukwengeza, naphezu kokuklama okulula, ukuhlanganisa i-viscous kuyiyunithi yokudlulisa enkulu. Ubuningi bemoto buyanda, imvume yomhlabathi iyancipha. Yebo, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukuhluka okuzikhiya nge-viscous clutch akusebenzi kahle.
Izinzuzo:
- umklamo olula;
- ingalungiswa yodwa (i-fan clutch);
- i-hermetic case;
- impilo ende yenkonzo.
Ngesinye isikhathi, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous kwafakwa ezimotweni ezidonsa wonke amasondo cishe kuzo zonke izinkampani zezimoto ezaziwa kakhulu: iVolvo, iToyota, iLand Rover, iSubaru, iVauxhall / Opel, iJeep Grand Cherokee, njll. Namuhla, amasistimu kagesi anokukhiya ngempoqo ekhethwayo. Nokho, ohlelweni lokupholisa injini, ama-couplings e-viscous asafakiwe kumamodeli amaningi emoto: i-VAG, i-Opel, i-Ford, i-AvtoVAZ, i-KamAZ, i-MAZ, i-Cummins, i-YaMZ, i-ZMZ izinjini.
Iyalayisha...
