I-Test drive iBentley Flying Spur ibhekene nePierce-Arrow Model 54
Phakathi kweBentley Flying Spur W12 nePierce-Arrow Model 54 Club Sedan iminyaka engama-86 negebe elikhulu lobuchwepheshe. Kepha kunokuthile okubahlanganisayo
Ngokumangazayo, inkampani yaseBuffalo yaseGeorge Pierce yaqala ngamabheji ezinyoni amahle. Ngokuqina nobungqabavu azokukhombisa eminyakeni ezayo, amakheji wezindlovu azomfanelekela kangcono. Le nkampani ikhiqize amabhayisikili, izithuthuthu, amaloli, amabhasi nezinqola, kodwa yaduma ngezimoto zayo.
Eyokuqala yadalwa ngo-1901, futhi ukuthembeka kwabekwa phambili ngokushesha. Konke kwenziwa ngomkhawulo omkhulu - amaphaneli omzimba we-aluminium awazange agxivizwe, kepha afakwa. Ngo-1910, izinjini ezingama-4-cylinder ezinomthamo cishe wamalitha ayi-12 zathathelwa indawo ngamabhomu amabi kakhulu emgqeni "ayisithupha" - 13,5 amalitha. Ngokwemvelo, uPierce-Arrow umelane namamarathoni akhuthazelayo, futhi amandla abo nokwethembeka kwezimoto zemicibisholo kusheshe kwalunqoba uzwelo lwama-elite aseMelika. Esinye sezikhangiso sikhombisa ngokuziqhenya imoto yomndeni wabaphangi (khumbula ubhiya waseBudweiser?) Ku-Adolphus Busch III futhi wagcizelela ukuthi imoto ibisetshenziswa njalo ngumnikazi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-XNUMX.
NgoJuni 1919, uMongameli wase-US uWoodrow Wilson, owayesanda kubuya engqungqutheleni yokuthula yaseParis, wayelinde i-limousine entsha kaPierce-Arrow. Ngasikhathi sinye, iNgisi uWalter Owen Bentley wayesezobhalisa inkampani yezimoto eqanjwe ngaye. E-London Motor Show, ukhombise i-chassis enenjini ehlekisayo, futhi kwakhiwa ama-prototypes esitebeleni esiku-Baker Street. Umthengi wokuqala wathola imoto ngoSepthemba 1921 kuphela. Futhi waqonda ngokushesha inzuzo enkulu yomkhiqizo omusha - imoto. Iyunithi yamandla enama-valve amane kanye nama-plugs amabili nge-cylinder ithuthukise i-65 hp, futhi amandla wezinguqulo zomjaho alethwe amandla amahhashi angama-92.
Hhayi okuningi: noma ngabe unomzimba osindayo ne-chassis enama-wheelbase amafushane, amaBentleys okuqala ayengasindi. Noma kunjalo, injini ibithembekile futhi kungenxa yale mfanelo ukuthi iBentley 3 Liter iqale umgwaqo onqobayo emjahweni wezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indilinga yabagijimi abaphelelwe yithemba, ama-playboys kanye nabahloli bamazwe - iBentley Boys - yahlelwa nxazonke zalo mkhiqizo omusha. Ngo-1924 baba ngabokuqala eLe Mans, base benqoba amahlandla amaningi. U-Ettore Bugatti ngokwedelela wabiza iBentley ngokuthi "iloli elisheshayo emhlabeni", kodwa "amahhashi akhe angenabala" athola imiphumela eminyakeni embalwa ngemuva kokuthi umkhiqizo waseBrithani ushiye umjaho wamahora angama-24.
Omunye wabafana beBentley, uWolf Barnato, umgijimi, umshayisibhakela, umdlali wekhilikithi nomdlali wethenisi nokuthi yini, wanquma ukuthola inkampani ayithandayo. Ngenhlanhla, isimo sendlalifa embusweni wedayimane savunyelwa. Isinqe sakhe se-squat Gurney-Nutting sathwetshulwa sigijima iBlue Train. UBarnato waphikisana nengilazi ye-champagne ukuthi uzodlula isitimela esisheshayo futhi abe ngowokuqala ukusuka eCannes aye eLondon, futhi yize kwaba nezingqinamba ezazimlandela, wanqoba. Ubeshayela imoto eno-6,5 litre ulayini "six". Le njini nayo yathandwa yilabo ababe-oda izidumbu zikanokusho ezisindayo ku-Bentley chassis. Kamuva kwavela iyunithi enamandla nakakhulu engu-8 litre.
Izibani zamalambu ezifakwe kuma-fenders - yilokho okwenza kube lula ukuchaza imoto yePierce-Arrow ngokuqiniseka okuphelele. Zasungulwa ngumklami osemusha uHerbert Dawley emuva ngo-1913, kepha noma ngawo-1930 kwakubukeka kungabalulekile. Kwakuqondiswa ukucatshangelwa okusebenzayo - amalambu angaphambili asezimpikweni ahlinzeka ngokukhanyisa okungcono komgwaqo namajika, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ayevikelwe ngokuthembekile ematsheni. Ukukhanya kukagesi kwakulula kune-acetylene, ngakho-ke kwakungekho nkinga ngokukubeka ezimpikweni, futhi ubukhulu bamaphiko kaPierce-Arrow buhlaba umxhwele.
Ukukhanya okungeziwe kwakusabekwe ngaphambi kwe-grill radiator. Ngakho-ke ebumnyameni, amaPier akhanya njengesihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Kuphephe kakhulu futhi ngeke kuze kwenzeke kunoma yimuphi umgibeli webhayisikili ukugibela phakathi kwamalambu amabili akhiwe ebangeni elifanele ukusuka komunye nomunye. Izibani zangaphambili zabafaki zaba yingxenye ebalulekile yesithombe sePierce-Arrow futhi zavikelwa ngisho nasekukopisheni ilungelo lobunikazi elikhethekile.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1920, izimoto zasePierce-Arrow zazilondoloze ngokweqile futhi zibiza ngaphezu kwezimbangi zazo. Ngenxa yalokho, inkampani kwadingeka yehlise amanani, bese iya kohlangana ne-automaker Studebaker engadumile kangako.
“Abaqondisi babhekene nombuzo obucayi wokuthi ngabe uphiko oluzihlukanisayo lokukhiqiza izimoto lungakwazi yini ukuncintisana ngempumelelo isikhathi eside nezinkampani ezinjengoGeneral Motors, Studebaker, Kreisler nezinye, ezinomthamo wokukhiqiza, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlangano kanye nenhlangano yokuthengisa ezihlinzeka ngokufunwa kwamakhasimende okuzinzile nemali amandla adlula kude amandla enkampani ngayinye enesilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokukhiqiza, ”umagazini i-" Za Rulem "ucaphune abaqondisi bakaPierce-Arrow kubaninimasheya ngo-1928.
Ukuhlangana bekufana nokusindisa uPierce-Arrow ekuqothulweni, kepha ngenxa yalokhu, inkampani ezenzakalelayo yeBuffalo ithole uxhaso oludingekayo futhi yakwazi ukukhulisa inethiwekhi yabathengisi bayo. I- "Studebaker" nayo ithole umkhiqizo odumile. Ngemizamo yokuhlanganyela, i-inline 8-cylinder engine entsha enesisindo samalitha ayi-6 namandla angu-125 amahhashi yasungulwa, injalo nje leyo engaphansi kwesigqoko semoto evela eqoqweni laseKamyshmash, eyakhishwa ngo-1931. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iminyango yokuklama yezinkampani ezimbili yaqhubeka nokuba khona ngokuzimela.
Imvamisa, amaphosta kaPierce-Arrow abonisa abesilisa nabesifazane abagqoke kahle abasanda kufika enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini noma e-yacht. Kwesinye isikhathi, uPierce-Arrow opendiwe wakhuphukela emaphandleni aseMelika, kodwa kuphela ukukhombisa ukwethembeka okubabazekayo. Ngokuqinisekile kukhona umshayeli wemoto ekepisi nomfaniswano ompunga eduze kwabahlinzeki bempilo abangenankinga.
Lokhu akuyona nje into yesimo - ukuze ubhekane nemoto enkulu, kwakudingeka umuntu oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile. Wayazi ukuthi izibambo nezinsimbi ezixakile zazenzelwe ini, ukuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani i-freewheel nokuthi mangaki amawindi azovulwa ezinhlangothini zesigqoko ukwenza imoto enkulu iphefumule kalula. Ngaphandle kwalokho, wayehlukaniswa nokuma okuhle komzimba, esebenza njengesihlalo samandla, uhlelo lokulwa namabhuleki kanye nomsizi wokupaka. Lapha, ngisho ne-visor yelanga yakhelwe umuntu osenhlokweni, ngaphandle kwalokho imboza phansi indawo yomshayeli.
Ukuqala imoto enkulu, udinga ukucindezela kabuhlungu unyawo lwakho enkingeni eyindilinga yokuqalisa unyawo futhi ngasikhathi sinye khama ungene kusofa ongakwazi ukuwulawula. I-inline six-litre "eziyisishiyagalombili" ivuka nge-clang echumayo, insimbi iyezwakala nokuduma kwayo okuphansi, kepha isebenza kahle kakhulu. Kamuva, ama-motors, ahlala kumakhushini enjoloba, azothola ama-valve wokubacindezela futhi athule kakhulu. I-ekseli langemuva lePierce-Arrow libonakala selivele lithule, linamahloni, kepha futhi liyakhala. Kodwa-ke, ngobudala bayo kuyimoto ethule. Iminyaka yamashumi amabili ayibhodli nje kuphela, ibuye igwebe amagiya kanye nama-gearbox wama-clanking angenawo ama-synchronizers.
Isiteringi siphenduka kalula nje uma imoto ihamba. Egcekeni lombukiso we "Kamyshmash", uPierce-Arrow ufana nendlovu esitolo se-china, nezibuko ezengeziwe emacaleni okugcina azisizi kangako. Kuphela phakathi kwama-ekseli emoto kungu-3,5 m, kanye ne-radius enkulu yokujika, kanye namawindi engilazi nemibukiso ebalulekile. Into esemqoka ukugqobhoza ungene emgwaqeni omkhulu obanzi onamajika amancane: lapho injini ekugcineni izokwakha khona i-torque yayo engama-339 Nm futhi ikhombise ukuthi ikwazi ini. Ukuboniswa kwamandla akudingi isivinini esikhulu, yize ngemfundiso yokuthi imoto esindayo ingashesha kalula iye ku-100 km / h nokuningi. Into esemqoka ukuma ngesikhathi.
Amagiya amathathu angashintshwa nge-lever ende ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi umzamo kuma-pedals amakhulu wamukelekile, kepha ngokubuka komshayeli, iPierce-Arrow ifana neloli, futhi ngokombono womgibeli - inqola enkulu iziphethu ezithambile. Igumbi elinelungelo lihlala ngemuva kwawo wonke umzimba. Ishalofu elivulekile lenzelwa imithwalo ngemuva, bese kubekwa isifuba esinoqwembe olungangeni manzi kuso. Ingaphakathi nezihlalo kuphakanyiswe ngendwangu yoboya ewugqinsi futhi esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, ngombono, kuvikela abagibeli emakhazeni. Kodwa-ke kukhona nesifudumezi.
Izintambo zamalambu e-Ashtray, ezinezibuko, izibambo zeminyango, izitsha zezimbali - konke kwenziwa ngezitayela ezisezingeni eliphakeme, kepha lokhu kuwukugcina kokugcina kwenkathi ephumayo. Akumangazi uma isidumbu sikhishwe ngaphambi kuka-chassis - kwenzeka. Minyaka yonke, olayini bezimoto zikaPierce-Arrow babeya ngokuya befana nemifanekiso yokukhangisa, lapho izimoto zazikhonjiswa khona ngokugcwala okwengeziwe, kepha kwakuseyizimoto zakudala ezifanayo.
Le nkampani yangena kuKuwohloka Okukhulu Kwezokukhuphuka: ukuthengiswa kuka-1929 kuphindwe kabili ngokuqhathanisa nango-1928, kodwa-ke ukwehla okulindelekile kwaqala. Injini entsha ye-V12 ivele ezimotweni zePierce-Arrow kamuva kunezimbangi, nomzamo wokwenza imoto yesikhathi esizayo wehlulekile - iPierce Silver Arrow enomzimba ohlanjululwayo yabiza kahle kakhulu futhi yakhiwa ngamakhophi ayisihlanu kuphela.
Okubi nakakhulu, u-Studebaker waqala ukuba nezinkinga: ngoMashi, inkampani yafaka isicelo sokuqothuka, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana umongameli wenkampani, u-Albert Erskine, wazibulala. Okuxakayo ukuthi uPierce-Arrow wayenomkhawulo ophakeme wezokuphepha, kanti inkampani yaqhubeka nokuzihambela yodwa. Kodwa-ke, ayikho imali yabatshalizimali abasha abavela eBuffalo, noma imizimba ehlanjululwe kakhudlwana ebingase ilingane ukuthengisa.
I-8A ebiza kakhulu, etholakala njengegolide kuqhathaniswa ne-platinum, nayo ayiphumelelanga. Imoto yakhiwe ngezinga elifanayo eliphezulu futhi ngokwemvelo ibiza kakhulu. Ngo-836, inkampani yabuyela embonweni wemodeli engxenyeni yamanani aphakathi, kodwa kwase kwephuze kakhulu, kwathi ngoMeyi wonyaka olandelayo kwafika i-denouement.
Ngo-1931, ngenkathi uPierce Arrow esasebenza kahle, uBentley wayecwila ezikweletini. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenjini engu-8 litre kudinga izindleko ezibalulekile, futhi ukuqala kwenkinga yezezimali kuqede ukwehluleka. UWolf Barnato wayengasakwazi ukusindisa inkampani, kwathi ngoNovemba yatholwa yi-British central peer trust, okwaba yiRoll-Royce.
Umnikazi omusha umise ukukhiqizwa kwama-Bentleys angama-8-litre futhi waguqula amamodeli amasha abe izinhlobo zezemidlalo zeRolls. Njengoba ilahlekelwe inkululeko yayo, uphawu lwaseBrithani nokho lwaqhubeka lukhona. Ngemuva kokuhamba ngaphansi kwephiko le-VW Group ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, lahlukaniswa neRolls-Royce. Ukugcina amamodeli we-Arnage ne-Mulsanne olondolozayo, amaJalimane aqala amamodeli angabizi kakhulu, ebanikeza konke okungcono kakhulu i-VW eyayinakho ngaleso sikhathi - ipulatifomu yemodeli kanokusho kaPhaeton nobuciko bobuciko bobuchwepheshe, okungukuthi, injini ye-W12.
I-Flying Spur sedan ayiphumelelanga njengendoda kadadewabo i-Continental GT, kepha isathengisa inani elihlaba umxhwele lamakhophi emoto iBentley. Le moto ithathwa njengengekho emthethweni, ekhomba amafindo nezinkinobho zezinhlobo ezingaziwa kangako ze-VW Group, kodwa lokhu kubukeka kwendoda eqhamuka kwiPolo Sedan. Ngemuva kosuku oluchithwe luzungezwe izimoto zakudala ezivela eqoqweni leKamyshmash, ubona okuthile okuhluke ngokuphelele.
Ngokumangazayo, le remake inomoya weBentley yakudala. Yini echaza imoto kanokusho nebizayo. Futhi lena yimoto yomshayeli, ngokungafani nePierce-Arrow, eyihhafu yeloli nengxenye yenqola. Noma ingaphakathi lezemidlalo elinokufakwa kwekhabhoni, ama-absorber stiffer stiffer we-W12, noma amarimu amnyama ahlanganiswe nomsebenzi womzimba we-orange awakwazi ukusitha intelezi yakudala yeFlying Spur nazo zonke izibambo zayo ezicwebezelayo nesikhumba esijiyile. Yingakho imoto, eyethulwa ngo-2005, iguga kancane kunesistimu yayo ye-infotainment.
“Angifuni ukushayela imoto ngamakhilomitha angama-125 noma ngisho ayikhulu ngehora, ngifuna ukuba nemoto eyakhiwe futhi yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi ijubane elijwayelekile kumane kuyidlala kwengane,” kuphawula okhulumela inkampani u-Eba Jenkins okuqoshwe kulo moya kufinyelele kumamayela ayi-100 ngehora (128 km / h) emshinini olungiselelwe.
Kungashiwo okufanayo ngeBentley Flying Spur. Ngenguqulo ye-W12 S enenjini engu-635 hp. kanti i-820 Nm, ikwazi ukufinyelela kalula ku-320 km ngehora. Kepha noma ngejubane eliphansi, amandla aqinile anokuqiniseka ngeke akwenze ungabaze isibalo esishiwo.
| Thayipha | Sedan | Sedan |
| I-Размеры (ubude / ububanzi / ukuphakama), mm | 5299/2207/1488 | ng |
| Wheelbase mm | 3066 | 3480 |
| IVolumu yetrunk, l | 475 | ng |
| Isisindo se-Curb | 2475 | mayelana ne-2200 |
| Isisindo esibi | 2972 | ng |
| uhlobo lwenjini | Uphethiloli W12 | Uphethiloli 8-cylinder, emgqeni |
| Ukusebenza ivolumu, cubic metres cm | 5998 | 3998 |
| UMax. amandla, hp (ngomzuzu) | 635/6000 | 125 / nd |
| UMax. kupholile. umzuzwana, Nm (ngomzuzu) | 820/2000 | 339 / nd |
| Uhlobo lweDrayivu, ukudluliswa | Okugcwele, 8АКП | Emuva, 3MKP |
| UMax. isivinini, km / h | 325 | 137 |
| Ukusheshisa kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-100 km / h, s | 4,5 | ng |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, l / 100 km | 14,4 | ng |
