I-AVT5540 B - umsakazo omncane we-RDS wawo wonke umuntu
Kushicilelwe izamukeli zomsakazo ezimbalwa ezithakazelisayo emakhasini e-Practical Electronics. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zesimanje, izinkinga eziningi zokuklama, njengalezo ezihlotshaniswa nokusetha amasekethe e-RF, ziye zagwenywa. Ngeshwa, badale ezinye izinkinga - ukulethwa nokuhlanganisa.
Isithombe 1. Ukubukeka kwemojuli ene-chip ye-RDA5807
Imojula ene-chip ye-RDA5807 isebenza njengeshuna yomsakazo. I-plaque yakhe, ekhonjisiwe isithombe 1ubukhulu 11 × 11 × 2 mm. Iqukethe i-radio chip, i-quartz resonator kanye nezingxenye ezimbalwa ze-passive. Imojula kulula kakhulu ukuyifaka, futhi intengo yayo iyisimangaliso esimnandi.
Na umfanekiso 2 ibonisa umsebenzi wephinikhodi wemojuli. Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa i-voltage engaba ngu-3 V, kuphela isignali yewashi noxhumo lwe-antenna oludingekayo. Okuphumayo komsindo we-stereo kuyatholakala, futhi ulwazi lwe-RDS, isimo sohlelo, nokucushwa kwesistimu kufundwa ngesixhumi esibonakalayo se-serial.
ukwakhiwa
Umfanekiso 2. Umdwebo wangaphakathi wesistimu ye-RDA5807
Umdwebo wesifunda sosamukeli somsakazo ukhonjiswa ku umfanekiso 3. Isakhiwo sawo singahlukaniswa ngamabhulokhi amaningana: ukunikezwa kwamandla (IC1, IC2), umsakazo (IC6, IC7), isikhulisi samandla omsindo (IC3) kanye nokulawula nokubonakalayo komsebenzisi (IC4, IC5, SW1, SW2).
Ukunikezwa kwamandla kunikeza ama-voltage amabili azinzile: +5 V ukuze unike amandla isikhulisi samandla omsindo nesibonisi, kanye no-+3,3 V ukuze unike amandla imojuli yomsakazo nokulawula isilawuli esincane. I-RDA5807 ine-amplifier yamandla aphansi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ikuvumela ukuthi ushayele, isibonelo, ama-headphones ngqo.
Ukuze kungathwali umthwalo ophumayo wesekethe elincanyana kangaka futhi uthole amandla engeziwe, isikhulisi samandla omsindo esengeziwe sisetshenziswe kudivayisi ethulwe. Lolu uhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile lwe-TDA2822 olufinyelela amandla amaningana okukhipha ama-watt.
Okukhipha isignali kuyatholakala kuzixhumi ezintathu: CON4 (isixhumi esidumile se-minijack esikuvumela ukuthi uxhume, isibonelo, ama-headphone), i-CON2 ne-CON3 (ikuvumela ukuthi uxhume izipikha kumsakazo). Ukuxhuma ama-headphone kukhubaza isignali evela kuzipikha.
Umfanekiso 3. Umdwebo wohlelo lomsakazo one-RDS
ukubeka
Umdwebo wokuhlanganisa wesamukeli somsakazo ukhonjiswa ku umfanekiso 4. Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile. Kukhona indawo ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe lokufaka imodyuli yomsakazo eqediwe, kodwa futhi inikeza ithuba lokuhlanganisa izakhi zomuntu ngamunye ezakha imodyuli, i.e. Uhlelo lwe-RDA, i-quartz resonator nama-capacitor amabili. Ngakho-ke, kunezici ze-IC6 ne-IC7 kusekethe nasebhodini - lapho uhlanganisa umsakazo, khetha enye yezinketho ezilungele futhi ezifanelana nezingxenye zakho. Isibonisi nezinzwa kufanele kufakwe ohlangothini lwe-solder. Iwusizo ekuhlanganiseni isithombe 5, ekhombisa ibhodi lomsakazo elihlanganisiwe.
Umfanekiso 4. Uhlelo lokufakwa komsakazo nge-RDS
Ngemva kokuhlanganisa, umsakazo udinga kuphela ukulungiswa kokuhluka kwesibonisi usebenzisa i-potentiometer engu-R1. Ngemva kwalokho, uselungele ukuhamba.
Isithombe 5. Ibhodi lomsakazo elihlanganisiwe
Umfanekiso 6. Ulwazi olukhonjiswe esibukweni
insiza
Ulwazi oluyisisekelo luboniswa esibukweni. Ibha ekhonjiswe kwesokunxele ikhombisa izinga lamandla esignali yomsakazo eyamukelwe. Ingxenye emaphakathi yesibonisi iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nefrikhwensi yomsakazo esethiwe njengamanje. Ngakwesokudla - futhi ngesimo somugqa - izinga lesiginali yomsindo liyaboniswa (inombolo 6).
Ngemuva kwamasekhondi ambalwa okungasebenzi - uma kungenzeka ukwamukela i-RDS - inkomba yefrikhwensi etholiwe "isithwe" ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwe-RDS kanye nolwazi olunwetshiwe lwe-RDS luboniswa emgqeni ongezansi wesibonisi. Ulwazi oluyisisekelo luqukethe izinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela. Ngokuvamile sibona igama lesiteshi lapho, lishintshana negama lohlelo lwamanje noma umculi. Ulwazi olunwetshiwe lungaqukatha izinhlamvu ezingafika kwezingama-64. Umbhalo wayo ugoqa emgqeni ongezansi wesibonisi ukuze ubonise umlayezo ogcwele.
Umsakazo usebenzisa amajeneretha amabili we-pulse. Engakwesobunxele ikuvumela ukuthi usethe imvamisa owamukelwe, futhi engakwesokudla ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise ivolumu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ye-pulse generator kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine imvamisa yamanje kwenye yezindawo eziyisishiyagalombili ezinikezelwe inkumbulo. Ngemuva kokukhetha inombolo yohlelo, qinisekisa ukusebenza ngokucindezela isishumeki (inombolo 7).
Umfanekiso 7. Ukubamba ngekhanda ifrikhwensi esethiwe
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi ibamba ngekhanda uhlelo lokugcina olugciniwe kanye nevolumu ebekiwe, futhi njalo lapho amandla evuliwe, iqala uhlelo kule volumu. Ukucindezela i-pulse generator engakwesokudla kushintsha ukwamukela kuhlelo olugciniwe olulandelayo.
isenzo
I-chip ye-RDA5807 ixhumana ne-microcontroller nge-I serial interface.2C. Ukusebenza kwayo kulawulwa amarejista ayi-16-bit ayishumi nesithupha, kodwa akuwona wonke amabhithi namarejista asetshenziswayo. Amarejista anamakheli asuka ku-0x02 kuye ku-0x07 asetshenziswa kakhulu ekubhaleni. Ekuqaleni kokudluliselwa kwe-I2C ngomsebenzi wokubhala, ikheli lerejista 0x02 ligcinwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kuqala.
Amarejista anamakheli asuka ku-0x0A kuya ku-0x0F aqukethe ulwazi lokufunda kuphela. Ukuqala kokudlulisela2C ukuze ufunde isimo noma okuqukethwe kwamarejista, i-RDS iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufunda ekhelini lerejista elithi 0x0A.
Ikheli I2Ngokwamadokhumenti, i-C yohlelo lwe-RDA ino-0x20 (0x21 yomsebenzi ofundiwe), nokho, imisebenzi equkethe ikheli 0x22 itholwe ezibonelweni zohlelo zale mojula. Kwavela ukuthi irejista ethile ye-microcircuit ingabhalwa kuleli kheli, hhayi iqembu lonke, kusukela ekhelini lerejista 0x02. Lolu lwazi belungekho embhalweni.
Ukufakwa kuhlu okulandelayo kubonisa izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zohlelo lwe-C++. Uhlu 1 iqukethe izincazelo zamarejista namabhithi abalulekile - incazelo yawo enemininingwane eminingi iyatholakala kumadokhumenti esistimu. Use uhlu 2 ikhombisa inqubo yokuqalisa isekethe edidiyelwe yesamukeli somsakazo we-RDA. Use uhlu 3 imele inqubo yokushuna isistimu yomsakazo ukuthola ifrikhwensi enikeziwe. Inqubo isebenzisa imisebenzi yokubhala yerejista eyodwa.
Ukuthola idatha ye-RDS kudinga ukufundwa okuqhubekayo kwamarejista e-RDA aqukethe ulwazi olufanele. Uhlelo oluqukethwe kunkumbulo ye-microcontroller lwenza lesi senzo cishe njalo ngemizuzwana engu-0,2. Kukhona umsebenzi walokhu. Izakhiwo zedatha ye-RDS sezichazwe kakade ku-EP, isibonelo ngesikhathi sephrojekthi ye-AVT5401 (EP 6/2013), ngakho ngikhuthaza labo abanentshisekelo yokwandisa ulwazi lwabo ukuthi bafunde isihloko esitholakala mahhala ezinqolobaneni ze-Practical Electronics (). Ekupheleni kwale ncazelo, kufanelekile ukunikeza imisho embalwa ezixazululweni ezisetshenziswe kusiqophamazwi somsakazo sethulwe.
Idatha ye-RDS etholwe kumojula ihlukaniswe ngamarejista amane RDSA… RDSD (atholakala kumarejista anamakheli asuka ku-0x0C kuya ku-0x0F). Irejista ye-RDSB iqukethe ulwazi mayelana neqembu ledatha. Amaqembu ahlobene angu-0x0A aqukethe umbhalo womzimba we-RDS (izinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili) kanye no-0x2A oqukethe umbhalo onwetshiwe (izinhlamvu ezingu-64). Yebo, umbhalo awukho eqenjini elilodwa, kodwa emaqenjini amaningi alandelayo anenombolo efanayo. Ngayinye yazo iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nendawo yale ngxenye yombhalo, ukuze ukwazi ukuqedela umlayezo uwonke.
Ukuhlunga idatha kuphenduke inkinga enkulu ukuze kuqoqwe umlayezo olungile ngaphandle “kwezihlahla”. Idivayisi isebenzisa isisombululo somlayezo we-RDS esibhafa kabili. Ucezu lomlayezo owamukelwe luqhathaniswa nenguqulo yalo yangaphambilini, ebekwe kusigcinalwazi sokuqala - esisebenzayo, endaweni efanayo. Uma ukuqhathanisa kuphozithivu, umlayezo ugcinwa kubhafa yesibili - umphumela. Indlela idinga inkumbulo eningi, kodwa isebenza kahle kakhulu.
