ama-absorber othusayo. Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo

Ukumiswa kwanoma iyiphi imoto kuhlanganisa izinto ezinwebekayo ezishelelayo umthelela ongemuhle lapho ushaya ukungalingani komgwaqo. Lezi zakhi ngokuyinhloko ziyiziphethu neziphethu. Ngaphandle kwabo, ukushayela imoto ngokunethezeka kuzofana nokuhamba enqoleni, futhi imoto ngokwayo izoqala ukuhlukana ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthuthumela okuqinile nokudlidliza.

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kweziphethu nemithombo kunobubi bakho, okwenza kube nokushintshashintsha okuphawulekayo okuqondile nokuvundlile. Ukudlidliza okunjalo kunciphisa kakhulu ukulawuleka futhi kungaholela ezimweni eziyingozi, isibonelo, imoto igingqika. Ukusheshisa ukudlidliza okunjalo, kusetshenziswa ama-shock absorbers noma ama-shock absorbers. Uma i-shock absorber iphukile, imoto izohlala ihamba, noma kunjalo, ukunyakazisa njalo kuzomkhathaza umshayeli. Kuzophinde kuphazamise ukusebenza kwamabhuleki nokuguga kwamasondo.

I-absorber ethukile futhi ume. Ukuqonda ukwakhiwa kanye namatemu

Abaningi bayaqiniseka ukuthi i-shock absorber iyigama elenziwe lula le-suspension strut. Nokho, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngempela.

I-shock absorber ngokuvamile inomklamo we-cylindrical. Ngaphakathi endlini kukhona i-piston enenduku. Isikhala sangaphakathi sigcwele i-viscous liquid (amafutha), ngezinye izikhathi igesi isetshenziswa esikhundleni soketshezi. Idivayisi isebenza ngokucindezela futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ikwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ebaluleke kakhulu.

Lapho i-suspension yemoto ihamba ibheke phezulu, i-piston isebenza oketshezini, okubangela ukuba igeleze kancane isuka kwenye ingxenye yesilinda iye kwenye ngezimbotshana ezincane zepiston. Khona-ke ukudlidliza kuyancipha.

Umklamo wamapayipi amabili uvame ukusetshenziswa, lapho amashubhu atholakala eyodwa ngaphakathi komunye. Kulokhu, i-liquid idlula ithubhu yokuqala iye kweyesibili nge-valve.

I-suspension strut ihlanganisa i-telescopic shock absorber njengengxenye eyinhloko. Ezimweni eziningi, nakuba kungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, isiphethu sensimbi sifakwa kuso, esisebenza njengesiphethu. Ngokusebenzisa insimbi yokusekela, i-rack ixhunywe kusuka phezulu kuya emzimbeni. Ukusuka ngezansi, ixhunywe ku-knuckle yokuqondisa, ngenxa yalokhu kusetshenziswa i-hinge ye-rubber-metal (ibhulokhi ethule). Ngenxa yalo mklamo, ukuhamba akuqinisekiswanga kuphela ngokuma mpo, kodwa nasendleleni evundlile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukumiswa kwe-strut kwenza imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa - ukudambisa ukudlidliza okuqondile nokuvundlile, ukumiswa komzimba wemoto kanye nenkululeko yokuma kwesondo.

Ukuhlolwa kwesimo se-shock absorbers ngokusho kokuziphatha kwemoto ekuhambeni

Iqiniso lokuthi i-shock absorber ayisebenzi kahle ingabonakala ngezimpawu ezingaqondile ezivela ngenkathi ushayela. Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa:

• imoto iyanyakaza noma igingqika kakhulu, ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kubonakala ikakhulukazi ekujikeni noma ngesikhathi sokubhuleka;
• ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa ye-absorber engalungile yokushaqeka, imoto ngesivinini esikhulu inganyakaza kwesokunxele nakwesokudla;
• ukudlidliza okubonakalayo kuzwakala ngokuhamba.

Ngokuvamile, ngama-absorber angalungile, ukulawuleka kwemoto konakala kakhulu, nebanga lokubhuleka liyakhula.

Okunye ukubonakaliswa kokungasebenzi kahle

Ngokuvamile, i-shock absorber ibika ukwehluleka kwayo ngokungqongqoza. Imvamisa izwakala ngesikhathi sokusheshisa, ukubhuleka kanye namakhona. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ngenxa deformation yomzimba. Imvamisa, ukungqongqoza ku-shock absorber kuhambisana nokuvuza kwamafutha kuwo. Ingakwazi futhi ukungqongqoza ezimeni lapho i-mount ixege.

Isibonakaliso esingaqondile sokusebenza kabi kwezinqamuleli zokushaqeka kungase kwenyuswe noma kungalingani amasondo.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi i-shock absorber ilungile

Ukuze bahlole, abaningi bazama ukuyinyakazisa kakhulu imoto futhi babuke ukuthi ukudlidliza kuphuma kanjani. Uma ungakwazi ukushwiba nhlobo, isitoko cishe siminyene. Uma imoto inyakaza ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili, khona-ke singasho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha i-absorber shock.

Kodwa uma ukushintshashintsha kuyeka ngokushesha, khona-ke lokhu akusho lutho mayelana nezinga lokusebenza kwayo. I-shock absorber ingase ibe sesimweni esihle kakhulu, noma ingase ibe senqenqemeni yokwehluleka. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokunyakazisa ngesandla akunakwenzeka ukudala imithwalo yangempela idivayisi ehlangabezana nayo ngesikhathi sokunyakaza.

Okuthile kungatholwa ngokuhlola okubonwayo. Esibukweni sesibuko senduku akufanele kube khona iminonjana yokugqwala, engavimbela ukunyakaza kwamahhala kwepiston. Uma umzimba ukhubazeke kancane, i-piston ingangqongqoza noma i-jam. Kungase kube khona ukugcoba okuncane kwamafutha emzimbeni, lokhu kungabhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Kodwa uma ubona izimpawu ezicacile zokuvuza kwamafutha, khona-ke lokhu sekuvele kuwuphawu olushaqisayo. Zama ukusula ikesi ngendwangu eyomile bese uhlola futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma i-absorber shock ivuza, usazokwazi ukugibela isikhashana, kodwa ukuthi lokhu kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani akunakwenzeka ukusho kusengaphambili.

Kunezitebhisi zokudlidliza ezikhethekile ongaxilonga kuzo futhi uhlole isimo sezinto ezibamba ukushaqeka. Kodwa kukhona ama-nuances lapha, ekugcineni angahlanekezela kakhulu umphumela. Isitendi sokudlidliza kufanele sicabangele imodeli neminyaka yomshini, uhlobo lokumiswa, izinga lokuguga kwezinye izakhi, umfutho wesondo, ukuqondanisa kwamasondo kanye nenye idatha. Uma kungenjalo, umphumela wokuxilonga ungase ungathembeki ngokuphelele. I-algorithm yokuqinisekisa esetshenziswe kulesi sitendi esithile ingase futhi yethule iphutha layo.

Uma ushayela nge-shock absorber enephutha

Ukuhluleka kwalesi sici esimanzi ngokuvamile kuvumela imoto ukuthi ihlale isendleleni. Noma kunjalo, lesi simo akufanele nakancane sishaywe indiva.

Okokuqala, imoto enyakazayo kunzima ukuyilawula.

Okwesibili, ukuphepha kuncishiswa kakhulu - ibanga lokubhuleka liba lide, amathuba okuba i-rollover ayanda, ngenxa yokugxuma kuma-bumps, ukuthintana kwamasondo ngomgwaqo kulahleka njalo.

Okwesithathu, umthwalo kwezinye izakhi zokumiswa uyakhula, okusho ukuthi ukugqoka kwabo kuyakhula. Unganaki ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-absorber - zilungiselele ukwehluleka kwama-wheel bearings, ama-levers nezinye izingxenye. Amaphedi nama-brake discs azoguga kakhulu. Futhi-ke, amathayi azoguga ngesivinini esisheshayo.

Uma unquma ukufaka esikhundleni se-shock absorber, qiniseka ukuthi ukumiswa sekukonke kusesimweni esihle, hlola amabhlogo athule, ama-ball bearings. Ukuguga kwabo kunganciphisa impilo ye-shock absorber futhi kuzodingeka uyishintshe futhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ungakhohlwa futhi ukuthi ama-absorber angemuva noma angaphambili adinga ukushintshwa ngababili.