5 amaphutha egalaji likaphethiloli enziwa ngisho nabashayeli abanolwazi

Abashayeli abanolwazi benza amaphutha amakhulu ngokuxhamazela. Amagalaji kaphethiloli nawo anjalo. Ezinye zazo zingaphenduka izinkinga ezinkulu noma ukulungiswa kwezimoto ngenani elikhulu.

iphutha likaphethiloli

Ukushintsha uphethiloli ngesilinganiso se-octane kwesinye kuzoba nomthelela kuphela uma ikhwalithi yawo incishisiwe. Imiphumela ngeke ibe mibi kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa uphethiloli wedizili esikhundleni sikaphethiloli ojwayelekile (noma okuphambene nalokho). Amaphutha anjalo ayenzeka, naphezu komehluko wezibhamu kuma-dispensers ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zikaphethiloli.

Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli we-diesel esikhundleni sikaphethiloli kugcwele ukwehluleka kwe-catalyst kanye nesistimu yomjovo. Uma ukushintshwa kuguqulwa (uphethiloli esikhundleni sikadizili), khona-ke ipompo likaphethiloli, i-injector nama-injector azohluleka. Kungaba nezizathu ezimbalwa zokukhetha okungalungile kukaphethiloli:

• ukunganaki okuvamile, isibonelo, ingxoxo ejabulisayo ocingweni ngenkathi ukhetha isibhamu;
• ushintsho lwakamuva lwemoto: ukuthengwa kwemoto entsha noma ukusetshenziswa kwemoto eqashiwe;
• ukudideka phakathi kwezinto zokuhamba zomuntu siqu nezomsebenzi.

Uma ukushintshwa kutholwa kakade ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ithangi, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokushesha izincomo ezizosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu:

• ungaqali injini ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo;
• shayela iloli elidonsayo futhi ulethe imoto esiteshini sesevisi;
• oda kochwepheshe besiteshi ukugungiswa okuphelele kwenjini nesistimu kaphethiloli. Ingxube kaphethiloli nodizili nayo izodinga ukususwa ngokuphelele ethangini.

Ukufaka uphethiloli ngenjini esebenzayo

Emnyango wanoma yiliphi igalaji likaphethiloli kunophawu oluyalela ukuthi ucishe injini. Le mfuneko ivunyelwa ukuphepha: inhlansi evela enjinini egijimayo noma i-voltage emile ingathungela umhwamuko kaphethiloli onqwabelene eduze kwemoto.

Kuyingozi ukugcwalisa imoto egijimayo eyenziwe eSoviet Union noma ukuba ne-catalyst "esikiwe". Lezi zimoto azivikelekile ekukhishweni kwezinto ezingafuneki njengezinhlansi. Ukufaka amafutha emotweni "ephephile ngokwemibandela" enenjini egijimayo kungaholela kokungaphezu nje komlilo. Ngokusebenza okunjalo, ikhompuyutha esebhodini kanye nenzwa kaphethiloli izohluleka kancane kancane.

Ukugcwalisa "ngaphansi kwentamo"

Abashayeli bezimoto bazama ukugcwalisa ithangi likaphethiloli "ezinhlamvini zamehlo", bandise amakhilomitha ayishumi ohambo. Ukugcwalisa okunjalo kwephula imithetho yokuphepha emlilweni. Kunoma ikuphi izinga lokushisa, uphethiloli othelwa "ngaphansi kwentamo" uzophuma ethangini lapho ushayela emigwaqweni emibi nemigodi.

Uphethiloli ophunyukayo ungathungelwa inhlansi yengozi, isinqamu sikagwayi esiphonsiwe, noma uma sihlangana ne-muffler eshisayo noma isistimu yamabhuleki.

Imbobo yokufaka uphethiloli ayikho endaweni

Ngenxa yokunganaki, abashayeli bavame ukuphuma egalaji ngaphandle kokukhipha isibhamu ethangini likaphethiloli. Ngokombono wamagalaji kaphethiloli, lesi simo asibucayi. Isibhamu sizozikhipha ngokuzenzakalelayo epayipini, noma sizophuka futhi ukuvikela ukuchitheka kukaphethiloli kuzosebenza. Umnikazi wemoto usatshiswa ngokuthi uzobuyiselwa izindleko zempahla eyonakele.

Ngokuphathelene nemoto, imiphumela ingaba buhlungu kakhulu. Ngentamo evulekile yethangi legesi, uphethiloli uzothululwa. Ingashiswa kalula yinhlansi noma izingxenye zemoto ezishisayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Vula iminyango yemoto

Umnikazi wemoto ngamunye unakekela ngokucophelela ukuphepha kwendawo yakhe lapho ebeka imoto endaweni yokupaka. Nokho, akunakwa kangako ukuphepha egalaji likaphethiloli. Uma bengekho abasizi esiteshini, kuzomele umshayeli ashiye imoto ayokhokha bese efaka isibhamu. Iningi likwenza ngaphandle kokucabanga, lishiya iminyango yemoto ivuliwe.

Umshayeli onjalo ungunkulunkulu wamasela. Kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kanye nomnyango ongakhiyiwe ukweba isikhwama noma izinto ezibalulekile endaweni yabagibeli. Amasela aphelelwe ithemba angakwazi ukuntshontsha imoto ngokuphelele esebenzisa okhiye abasele ekuthutheni.

Ukuphepha kokushayela akukhona nje ukulandela imithetho yomgwaqo. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga, ngisho nabashayeli abanolwazi kufanele balandele imithetho elula egalaji likaphethiloli.