Yazi ukubhuleka
Okuqukethwe
Ukunamathela, ukudluliswa kwenqwaba, ukulandelana, ukwehla: okufanele ukwenze ukuze ume kahle
Funda noma unemoto ene-ABS!
Umngane wakamuva wezokuphepha emgwaqeni ugcizelela ukuthi isithuthuthu sishaya kancane kunemoto (e-50 km / h isithuthuthu sima ngamamitha angu-20 ngokumelene ne-17 yemoto, kuyilapho ku-90 km / h isithuthuthu sima ngamamitha angu-51 lapho imoto idinga kuphela 43,3 amamitha). Futhi, lezi zinombolo zandiswa ezinye izifundo.
Isitatimende esimangazayo abaningi bamabhayisikili, abavame ukuziqhenya ngokulunywa ngokushesha kwama-radial stirrups. Nokho, lokhu kuyiqiniso impela, okungenani ngokuvumelana nemithetho physics. Ngoba ekugcineni kweketango lamabhuleki aguquguqukayo, sivele sithole isondo, esilicindezela (kakhulu) kanzima phansi ... Izincazelo.
Ithayi licindezelwe phansi
Isondo elibekwe endaweni egandayiwe liyaphikiswa uma licelwa ukuba lihambe: lezi yizindaba ezinhle nezindaba ezimbi, njengoba lesi sibambo siqinisekisa ukuphathwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sidinga amandla ensalela (noma kagesi) ukuze iziqhubekisele phambili. Yiqiniso, izinga lokubamba liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu, kodwa lesi sici sezinto sesixoxwe kakade kumathiphu ethu okushayela emvuleni.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze wehlise ijubane, kufanele usebenzise amandla ethayini. Umzimba wesondo uklanyelwe ukuthi ukhubazeke kancane lapho ungaphansi kwamandla athile, kulokhu amandla e-longitudinal. Ngakho-ke, ukuze isidumbu sisebenze kahle, kufanele kuqashelwe ukufutha isondo njengoba kunconywe umenzi. Ngendlela, kwaba nini ukuhlolwa kokucindezela kokugcina kumathayi akho?
Ngaphambili noma emuva?
Ngaphansi komphumela we-deceleration, ukudluliswa kwenkokhiso kuzokwenzeka ngokuphambene namabutho noma phambili ngokunengqondo. Ngakho-ke, ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo, okuyi-oda lama-50/50 emabhayisikili amaningi, kuzoshintsha, futhi isilinganiso sesithuthuthu sishintsha kakhulu phambili, ngezilinganiso 70/30 noma 80/20.
Qaphela ukuthi ku-MotoGP siqopha kufika ku-1,4 Gs phakathi ne-heavy braking! Lokhu akukho emgwaqeni, kodwa kukhombisa ukuthi kunamandla kangakanani izimo zokubhuleka futhi kukhombisa ukuthi isondo elilayishwe kancane ngeke likwazi ukubamba futhi ngenxa yalokho lihlehle kancane, okuholela ekukhiyeni kwamasondo angemuva. Lokhu akusho ukuthi akufanele usebenzise ibhuleki elingemuva: udinga nje ukuyisebenzisa ngokuhlakanipha futhi uqonde indima yayo.
Ideal braking ukulandelana
I-optimal braking sequence imi kanje:
- Okokuqala, qala ngokucophelela nge-brake yangemuva: njengoba isithuthuthu sizosebenzisa amandla ngokuyinhloko ku-drivetrain yangaphambili, ukuqala ngemuva kuzozinzisa ibhayisikili ngokucindezela ukushaqeka kwangemuva kancane. Lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu uma unomgibeli noma umthwalo.
- ngomzuzwana ohlukanisiwe, sebenzisa i-brake yangaphambili: usebenza ngemuva, usebenzisa ingcindezi encane kulo lonke ibhayisikili phansi, izinga eliphelele lokubamba lizokhula kakhulu, okuvumela lokhu kunyakaza okukhulu ukuba kuqalwe ngokudlulisela umthwalo ku- isondo langaphambili.
- ngomzuzwana ohlukanisiwe uzofaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe kumabhuleki angaphambili: isondo langaphambili manje selilayishiwe, lingaba lukhuni futhi lithathe wonke amandla okunciphisa amandla aphezulu, ngaleso sikhathi i-brake yangemuva iba yize. Kungesikhathi sokudlulisa umthwalo lapho amandla okubhuleka angasetshenziswa esimweni esihle kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, ukufaka kungazelelwe ibhuleki langaphambili ngaphandle kokwenza lokhu kudluliswa komthwalo kuletha ubungozi obukhulu bokuvinjwa, njengoba sizocindezela kakhulu isondo elingalayishiwe kahle.
Ngokusobala, abashayeli bamabhayisikili abanemoto ehambisana nokubhuleka, i-ABS ne-splitter ngeke bawazi lo muzwa wokugcwala olethwa ikhono eliphelele lokubhuleka, okuwuhlobo lobuciko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi mancane amathuba okuthi badakwe ngobuwula lapho bebhuleka kabi.
Kusuka emcabangweni wokuzijwayeza
Uma inkolelo-mbono iyindawo yonke, izinkondlo nobuhle bezwe lezithuthuthu kulele ezinhlobonhlobo zabameleli bayo. Ngakho-ke, imoto ngayinye izoba ne-braking efanelekile ngaphakathi kwezakhi zomjikelezo wengxenye, okubangelwa umthamo wangaphakathi womthwalo wesondo (amandla amakhulu ukuthi isidumbu nenjoloba ingamelana nayo), futhi ikakhulukazi ikhono le-chassis (uhlaka nokumiswa) ukudlulisa ngokunembile amandla okubhuleka ngaphandle kokuhlakazeka emiphumeleni ye-parasitic.
Ngakho-ke, isithuthuthu esinemfoloko embi noma ukumiswa okukhathele (i-hydraulic elahlekelwe amandla ayo e-viscous) akuyona nje into ephazamisayo: futhi ayiphephile kangako ngenxa yomthamo wokubhoboza owonakele, ngoba amasondo ayo ngeke ahlale exhumana kahle nomhlabathi. , ngakho-ke ngeke bakwazi ukudlulisa amandla amakhulu okubhuleka.
Njengomfanekiso, imoto yezemidlalo ene-wheelbase emfushane kanye nemfoloko eqinile ehlanekezelwe, izakhi eziqine kakhulu ezinamathiselwe kwezinye izinto eziqinile ngokulinganayo (uhlaka oluqinile lwe-aluminium) futhi ibekwe phezu kwamathayi enjoloba athambile (ngaleyo ndlela ishisa ngokushesha ukuze ihambisane nokudonsa), ibeka zonke izilayidi zibe zinhle Nokho, i-wheelbase emfishane kanye nesikhungo esiphakeme samandla adonsela phansi kuzobangela kalula igiya lokumisa elingemuva (umshayeli wendiza angakwazi ukumelana nalo ngokuhamba kancane ngemuva kwesihlalo). Ngakho-ke, yileli phuzu lokusikisela elimele umkhawulo wokunciphisa okungenzeka, hhayi ukubamba isondo langaphambili okungamane kuhluleke ngetiyela elibi emvuleni. (Umsubathi angama emigwaqweni emanzi!)
Futhi ngokuphambeneIsiko namasondo ayo amade kanye nendawo ephansi ye-gravity ngeke idlule kalula. Ingakwazi nokubhuleka kakhulu kunemoto yezemidlalo, inqobo nje uma unamabhuleki amahle namathayi asebenza kahle. Kodwa ngenxa yemfoloko encane evamile, ibhuleki elingenamandla langaphambili kanye nesisindo sangemuva, alihlonyiselwe ukubeka imithwalo esindayo ethayini langaphambili lenjoloba. Amandla ayo okumisa azoncika kakhulu kwibhuleki elingemuva, libe nengozi encane yokuvinjwa kunesithuthuthu esijwayelekile, njengoba i-asi yangemuva isinda kakhulu. Futhi ngombono wokumelana kangcono namandla okubhuleka omgibeli, izingalo zizonwetshwa futhi zinwetshwe. Uma wenza ama-push-ups, i-hard pass yilapho izingalo zakho zigobile, hhayi lapho zeluliwe!
Futhi i-ABS kukho konke lokhu?
I-ABS inokuphepha kokunciphisa ubungozi bokubhuleka: ukukhiya amasondo, umthombo owandayo wengozi yokuwa namahloni lapho uqeda umzila esiswini sakho (noma emuva) ngokuzijabulisa okuvamile. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi une-ABS akusho ukuthi ukuzethemba okunikezwa yilolu hlelo lokusebenza kuholela ekuvinjweni kwesithakazelo esifanayo nenkukhu ngokumelene ne-cube ye-Rubik, nokuthi akufanele sifunde ukubhuleka ngoba I-ABS ayiwehlisi amabanga amabhuleki... Kwezinye izimo, ingakwazi nokuyandisa. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ukulawula.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sigcwele ama-chips e-electronic noma cha, isithuthuthu sihambisana nemithetho yemvelo futhi ukuhambisana nemithetho kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kwakho konke.
Ngokunjalo, ukuba ne-ABS akukukhululi ekwazini “ukufunda umgwaqo,” okuwumqondo obalulekile kunoma yimuphi umshayeli webhayisikili. Ezinye izizukulwane ze-ABS aziwathandi amaqhuqhuva (isikhungo samandla kagesi asigoqiwe ngokwanele ukuze sihlanganise ukunyakaza kwe-chassis) futhi sivame "ukukhulula amabhuleki" futhi sinikeze umshayeli wayo umzuzu omkhulu womzwangedwa, kuyilapho kweminye imigwaqo yomnyango ama-bituminous compounds angaba namazinga ahlukene. wokubamba. Ngakho-ke, umshayeli webhayisikili onolwazi kufanele afunde umgwaqo (noma ithrekhi) kahle.
Yiqiniso, izizukulwane zakamuva ze-ABS ziya ngokuya zisebenza kahle, futhi namuhla ezinye izinhlelo (kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezithuthuthu) zinikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimangalisayo ngokuphelele futhi sezikwazi ukuhleleka ngokuvumelana nesitayela sokushayela. Kodwa i-ABS, ehlinzekwa kwabahamba ngomgwaqo abasezingeni lokungena eminyakeni embalwa edlule, yayiphelele, ingasaphathwa eye-ABS yasekuqaleni kwawo-1990, enganconywa ukuba ime ngamandla njengoba kusondela uguquko olubushelelezi olunamaqhuqhuva, ngaphandle kwalokho uzongena eMichelin. !
Ngakho-ke, ukuba ne-ABS akukukhululi ekwazini le mithetho nokusebenzisa ukwehla kwamabhuleki: ukudluliswa kwenqwaba, bese ufaka amabhuleki futhi ukhulule ingcindezi esigabeni sokugcina njengoba usondela ekungeneni ekhoneni. Lokhu kuvimbela amathayi ukuthi angalawulwa yi-centrifugal kanye namandla okubhuleka. Uma kungenjalo, ngenxa yale mizamo emibili, kunengozi enkulu yokuphula i-ellipse yokubamba kwesondo ... Futhi i-patatra ...
Ingabe kufanele sehlise izinga?
Kungani kungenjalo! Esimweni sokubhuleka kusenesikhathi, ukwehlisa kuzobuyisela umthwalo omncane ethayini elingemuva, ngakho-ke usize ukuzinzisa ibhayisikili ngaphambi kokudluliswa kwenqwaba. Kufanele ucabangele ukusebenza kwenjini: awuhlehliseli emuva kakhulu njenge-mono noma ezimbili, njengokuthathu noma ngaphezulu.
Uma kwenzeka kuba ne-imergency braking, i-downshifting ayisizi, futhi kunoma yikuphi, uma kuphuthuma ngempela, ngeke ube naso isikhathi. Kuningi kakhulu ukushayela, futhi esimweni esiphuthumayo sokubhuleka, awusithinti isikhethi.
Ithiphu elilodwa lokugcina: ukuzivocavoca nokuzilungiselela
Njengoba isiNgisi sisho, ukuzijwayeza kwenza kuphelele: Ukuze ugweme ukubanjwa ungalindele ngosuku izimo eziphuthumayo eziza kuwe (noma nje ukuthola ibhayisikili elisha), kungcono kakhulu ukuzivocavoca. Endaweni yokupaka izimoto, endaweni yezimboni eyihlane, endaweni ephephile, akukho siminyaminya. Zinike isikhathi sokuphinda zonke izigaba zokubhuleka ngejubane lakho futhi uzwe ukuthi isithuthuthu sakho sisebenza kanjani. Bese ukhuphula isivinini sakho. Kancane kancane. Ngamathayi ashisayo nokuzijwayeza, uzomangala ngamandla angempela okumisa isithuthuthu sakho.
Ngendlela, namabhuleki?
Ubonile ukuthi sicishe sakunikeza indatshana ekhuluma ngamabhuleki engakhulumi ngamabhuleki. Kungaba umbukwane omuhle wemibhalo: Le Repaire, ehamba phambili kubuntatheli bokuhlola!
I-Lever, master cylinder, brake fluid, hose, caliper, pads, discs: ukusebenza kokugcina nakho kuncike kakhulu kule divayisi! Isimo samapuleti sibhekwa njalo futhi uketshezi aluhlali kuze kube phakade futhi kunconywa ukuthi lushintshe njalo eminyakeni emibili. Ekugcineni, i-fuse ye-brake lever izolungiswa ukuze uzizwe ukhululekile ngokuphelele ngalokhu kulawula.
Ithiphu elilodwa lokugcina: Uma konke lokhu sekuqondisiwe futhi uba umzingeli onekhono langempela, bheka izimoto ezingemuva kwakho emgwaqeni ... bheka I-Tail Machine Gun Syndrome.
