Ingabe amakristalu awuketshezi njengama-electrolyte kumabhethri e-lithium-ion azokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala amaseli ensimbi e-lithium azinzile?
Okuqukethwe
Ucwaningo oluthokozisayo olwenziwe yiCarnegie Mellon University. Ososayensi bahlongoze ukusebenzisa amakristalu awuketshezi kumaseli e-lithium-ion ukukhulisa ukuminyana kwamandla, ukuzinza, namandla okushaja. Umsebenzi awukakathuthuki, ngakho-ke sizolinda okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ukuze uqedwe - uma kungenzeka.
Amakristalu oketshezi aguqule izibonisi, manje angakwazi ukusiza amabhethri
Uhlu lokuqukethwe
- Amakristalu oketshezi aguqule izibonisi, manje angakwazi ukusiza amabhethri
- Amakristalu awuketshezi njengeqhinga lokuthola i-electrolyte eqinile
Ngamafuphi: abakhiqizi beseli ye-lithium-ion njengamanje bafuna ukukhulisa ukuminyana kwamandla amaseli ngenkathi begcina noma bethuthukisa ukusebenza kweseli, okuhlanganisa, isibonelo, ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza emandleni aphezulu wokushaja. Umqondo uwukwenza amabhethri abelula, aphephe, futhi asheshe ukushajwa. Kancane njengonxantathu oshibhile-omuhle.
Enye yezindlela zokwandisa kakhulu amandla athile amaseli (ngezikhathi ezingu-1,5-3) ukusetshenziswa kwe-anode eyenziwe nge-lithium metal (Li-metal).... Hhayi i-carbon noma i-silicon, njengangaphambili, kodwa i-lithium, into ebhekene ngqo nomthamo weseli. Inkinga ukuthi leli lungiselelo lithuthukisa ngokushesha i-lithium dendrites, ama-protrusions ensimbi okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi axhume ama-electrode amabili, awalimaze.
Amakristalu awuketshezi njengeqhinga lokuthola i-electrolyte eqinile
Okwamanje uyaqhubeka umsebenzi wokupakisha ama-anode ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ukuze kwakheke igobolondo langaphandle elivumela ukugeleza kwe-lithium ion kodwa lingavumeli izakhiwo eziqinile ukuba zikhule. Isixazululo esingaba khona kule nkinga futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrolyte eqinile - udonga lapho ama-dendrites angakwazi ukungena khona.
Ososayensi baseCarnegie Mellon University bathathe indlela ehlukile: bafuna ukuhlala nama-electrolyte anguketshezi afakazelwe, kodwa asekelwe kumakristalu awuketshezi. Amakristalu awuketshezi yizakhiwo ezimaphakathi phakathi koketshezi namakristalu, okungukuthi, izinto eziqinile ezinesakhiwo esi-oda. Amakristalu awuketshezi awuketshezi, kepha ama-molecule awo ahlelwe kakhulu (umthombo).
Ezingeni lamangqamuzana, ukwakheka kwe-electrolyte yekristalu ewuketshezi kuyisakhiwo sekristalu futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbela ukukhula kwama-dendrites. Kodwa-ke, sisabhekene noketshezi, okungukuthi, isigaba esivumela ama-ion ukuthi ageleze phakathi kwama-electrode. Ukukhula kwe-dendrite kuvinjiwe, imithwalo kufanele igeleze.
Lokhu akushiwo esifundweni, kodwa amakristalu e-liquid anesinye isici esibalulekile: uma i-voltage isetshenziswa kubo, ingahlelwa ngokulandelana okuthile (njengoba ungabona, isibonelo, ngokubheka lawa magama kanye nomngcele phakathi komnyama. izinhlamvu nengemuva elikhanyayo). Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi lapho iseli liqala ukushaja, ama-molecule e-crystal ewuketshezi azobekwa kwelinye i-engeli futhi "akhuhle" amadiphozithi e-dendritic asuka kuma-electrode.
Ngokubukeka, lokhu kuzofana nokuvala ama-flaps, ake sithi, emgodini wokungenisa umoya.
Ububi besimo ukuthi I-Carnegie Mellon University isanda kuqala ucwaningo ngama-electrolyte amasha... Sekuvele kwaziwa ukuthi ukuzinza kwabo kuphansi kune-electrolyte ewuketshezi evamile. Ukuwohloka kwamaseli kwenzeka ngokushesha, futhi lesi akusona isiqondiso esisithakaselayo. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inkinga izoxazululeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asilindele ukuvela kwezinhlanganisela zesimo esiqinile ngaphambi kwengxenye yesibili yeshumi leminyaka:
> I-LG Chem isebenzisa ama-sulfide kumaseli esimo esiqinile. Ukuthengisa okuqinile kwe-electrolyte ngaphambi kuka-2028
Isithombe sesethulo: Ama-lithium dendrite akhiwa ku-electrode yeseli ye-lithium-ion engabonakali. Isibalo esikhulu esimnyama phezulu yi-electrode yesibili. "Ibhamuza" lokuqala lama-athomu e-lithium liyavela ngesikhathi esithile, lidale "isevu" esiyisisekelo se-dendrite evelayo (c) PNNL Unplugged / YouTube:
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