UJacques Hart

I-Trawler B-20/II/1 Jacques Ker. Iqoqo Lombhali Wezithombe

Imboni yokwakha imikhumbi yasePoland yaqala ukwakha imikhumbi yokudoba emuva ngo-1949, lapho ngo-February indawo yemikhumbi yaseGdansk (kamuva eyaqanjwa ngo-V. Lenin) yafakwa ngaphansi kwe-keel ye-inboard trawler yokuqala i-B-10, ukudoba eceleni futhi ifakwe i-1200 hp. injini.. injini ye-steam. Bakhiqizwa ochungechungeni lwamarekhodi lwezingcezu ezingama-89. Umkhumbi wokugcina wokudoba wasebenza ngo-1960.

Kusukela ngo-1951, besakha izinhlobo ezahlukene zamayunithi ezimoto ngokuhambisana: ama-trawlers, ama-lug trawlers, ama-freezer trawlers, ama-process trawlers, kanye nezitshalo eziyisisekelo zokucubungula. Ngalesi sikhathi sesibe ngomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bezikebhe zokudoba emhlabeni. Iqiniso lokuthi sesifinyelele lesi sikhundla eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokwakhiwa komkhumbi wokuqala wezempi wasePoland kungenye yempumelelo enkulu embonini yethu. Kuze kube manje, abamukeli balezi zinyunithi ikakhulukazi kwakuyizinkampani zase-USSR nezasePoland, ngakho-ke kwanqunywa ukuthi kuzothakazelelwa namazwe athuthuke kakhulu.

Konke kwaqala eFrance ngenkulumo-ze ebanzi nomkhankaso wokukhangisa. Lokhu kwanikeza imiphumela emihle, futhi ngokushesha kwasayinwa izinkontileka zemikhumbi engu-11 B-21, eyadluliselwa eGdansk Northern Shipyard. Naphezu kokubonakala kochungechunge, bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye, ikakhulukazi ngobukhulu kanye nemishini. Lokhu kwaba into entsha ekwakhiweni kwethu kwemikhumbi, futhi kudalwe amasiko ahluke kancane emakethe yendawo. Izinkampani zokudoba zaseFrance ngabantu noma izinkampani, ngokuvamile ezinesiko lomndeni elide lokudoba olwandle. Babephatha umkhumbi ngamunye hhayi nje njengendlela yokuziphilisa, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokuzilibazisa kanye nokubonakaliswa kwesifiso sokuvelela, beziqhenya ngezimpumelelo zabo nokubukeka kwabo futhi bengabekezeleli noma yikuphi ukwehluleka. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi womkhumbi ngamunye watshala ubuciko obuningi bomuntu siqu ekwakhiweni komkhumbi, wayenemibono yakhe mayelana nomkhumbi wonke noma izingxenye zawo futhi wayengafuni ukuwuyeka. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi noma ngabe ama-trawler ayephuma ochungechungeni olulodwa, kodwa ezinkampanini ezahlukene, awakaze afane.

Ukungena ngempumelelo emakethe yendawo ngemikhumbi emincane kuholele esifisweni sokuphinda lokhu ngamayunithi amakhulu ezimoto akhiwe yi-Stocznia im. I-Paris Commune eGdynia. Lawa ayephumelela kakhulu ama-trawlers e-B-20, akhiqizwa ezweni lakithi, anamuhla futhi abiza kakhulu kune-B-21. Ngokushesha abanikazi bemikhumbi abakhulu ababili abavela e-Boulogne-sur-Mer baba nesithakazelo kubo: i-Pêche et Froid kanye ne-Pêcheries de la Morinie. Izinguqulo zesiFulentshi zihluke kakhulu kokubili kumishini evela kweyethu yasekhaya nakwezinye. Ushintsho olukhulu luthinta indlela izinhlanzi ezibanjiwe ezigcinwa ngayo. Abadobi bendawo bayilethe isentsha ukuze isetshenziswe ngokuqondile noma emathinini asemhlabeni ngenxa yokuthi amaFulentshi awazange ayithenge eqandisiwe. Imikhumbi emisha yayihloselwe ukudoba kwesokudla oLwandle Olusenyakatho, eNtshonalanga naseNyakatho ye-Atlantic, futhi imikhiqizo emisha yayizothuthwa ngobuningi noma ngamabhokisi afakwe ezindaweni ezipholiswe ku -4°C. Ngakho-ke, amadivaysi okuqandisa ayekade enguqulo yesiPolish anyamalala kuma-trawlers, futhi amandla enjini nesivinini somkhumbi kwanda.

Umqondisi Omkhulu wendawo yomkhumbi, i-Master of Science. U-Erasmus Zabello wayefuna umkhumbi wokuqala uziveze ngendlela engcono kakhulu emakethe yasendaweni entsha, futhi waqinisekisa mathupha ukuthi konke okuku-Jacques Coeur kuhle ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi yingakho umkhumbi wenziwe ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile, ukunakekelwa hhayi kuphela kwekhwalithi yayo yezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi ne-aesthetics yangaphandle kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zangaphakathi. Lokhu futhi kwathonywa omele umnikazi womkhumbi, u-Eng. U-Pierre Dubois, owayehlola njalo yonke into efakiwe kuze kufike emininingwaneni emincane kakhulu. Kwakukhona nokungezwani nokuxabana phakathi kwakhe nabakhi, kodwa lokhu kwakuwulungele umkhumbi.

Idizayini kanye nemibhalo ye-trawler u-Jacques Coeur kwalungiselelwa i-shipyard's Design and Construction Bureau, kuhlanganisa. onjiniyela: Franciszek Bembnowski, Ireneusz Dunst, Jan Kozlowski, Jan Sochaczewski noJan Straszynski. Ukuklanywa komkhumbi womkhumbi kubheke ulwazi lomnikazi womkhumbi kanye nokuhlolwa okwenziwa endaweni eyimodeli e-Teddington. Ukwakhiwa kwakugadwe iRejista kaLloyd Yokuthumela Imikhumbi kanye ne-Bureau Veritas.

Umzimba we-trawler wawuyinsimbi futhi ushiselwe ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yamandla aphezulu ezinjini zokushayela, isakhiwo se-sternpost saqiniswa ngokukhethekile, futhi i-keel yayinomklamo omise okwebhokisi. Ibhulokhi yahlukaniswa ngama-bulkheads yaba amakhompathimenti angama-5 angangeni manzi. Isikhumba sesikhumba esingaphansi naphakathi kwemikhumbi esemaceleni sasijiyile futhi imicu yensimbi yokuvikela yayishiselwe kuso.

Umkhumbi ubuhlalise abasebenzi abangu-32. Emphemeni wokuzulazula kwakukhona igumbi lomsebenzi womsakazo kanye nesibhedlela, ngaphambili ebesihlala amayunithi amakhulu kakhulu. Emphemeni wesikebhe kwakunamakhabethe okaputeni, owama-300, wama-400 nowesithathu, futhi emphemeni omkhulu - owesibili, wama-3 nowesithathu, amagumbi amabili ezisebenzi, igalaji, amagumbi angcolile ezikhulu nabasebenzi, amagumbi okomisa, igumbi lesiqandisi. , inqolobane yokudla. kanye ne-transom. Amakhabethe ezisebenzi asele atholakala kumpheme ongemuva. Ngaphambili kwe-trawler kwakukhona izindawo zokugcina izimpahla kanye ne-cabin yesisebenzi esibheke umkhumbi ngesikhathi usethekwini. Wonke amakamelo anomoya wokufakelwa kanye nokufudumeza kwamanzi. I-Steam ye-trawler enenani lika-2-XNUMX kg/h futhi ngengcindezi engu-XNUMX kg/cm yakhiqizwa kubhayela wamanzi wohlobo lwe-BX. Idivayisi yokudubula ibizenzakalela, ine-electro-hydraulic steering motor evela enkampanini yaseNtshonalanga Jalimane i-AEG. Idrayivu yokuqondisa yenziwe yasebenza kusuka ku-wheelhouse kusetshenziswa i-telemotor noma, uma kwenzeka yehluleka, ngesandla. Okuthunyelwe okwengeziwe kuka-helmansman kubekwe ku-starboard wheelhouse.

Iwintshi yokudoba yase-Belgian Brussels enamandla okudonsa amathani angu-12,5 kanye nesivinini sokudonsa intambo esingu-1,8 m/s ibekwe emphemeni omkhulu phambi kwesakhiwo esikhulu. Ubude bezintambo zokudoba ngamanethi babuyi-2 x 2900 m. Engxenyeni engaphambili yesakhiwo esikhulu, emphemeni omkhulu, kwakukhona indawo yokusevisa iwintshi yokudoba ngamanethi. Intsha yaleli kheshi ukuthi yayinezilawuli ezimbili: ezikagesi nezomoya. Ukufakwa kwe-pneumatic kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuyilawula kusukela kumpheme omkhulu nasesiteshini sokulawula. Ngenxa yezinsimbi ezikhethekile, bekungenzeka futhi ukukala i-thrust ye-lift bese uwalondoloza kugrafu.