Ukushaja izimoto zikagesi

Nakuba zingakashintshi izimoto ezihamba ngegesi, izimoto zikagesi ziya ngokuya zithandwa. Imikhiqizo eminingi yezimoto idala ama-plug-in hybrid kanye namamodeli kagesi wonke, okubangela ukuthi iziteshi zokushaja zivuleke kwezinye izindawo. Izimoto zikagesi zihlose ukonga abasebenzisi imali echithwa kuphethiloli ngokunikeza inketho yamandla eshibhile nokusiza ekunciphiseni inani lezimoto ezikhipha intuthu emgwaqeni.

Izimoto ezixhumene ne-plug-in hybrid zihlanganisa kokubili ibhethri elishajekayo kanye nethangi legesi likaphethiloli. Ngemva kwenani elithile lamamayela noma isivinini, imoto ishintshela kumodi yamandla kaphethiloli. Izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ngokugcwele zithola wonke amandla azo ebhethrini. Zombili zidinga ukukhokhiswa ngokusebenza kahle.

Ulingwe umnotho kanye nobungane bemvelo bemoto kagesi ukuze uthenge imoto yakho elandelayo? Abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi kumele bazi ukuthi yini okufanele bayilindele enkokhisweni ngayinye kuye ngohlobo lwazo. Kuthatha isikhathi eside ukushaja imoto ngokugcwele ku-voltage ethile futhi kungase kudinge i-adaptha noma imbobo yokushaja ezinikele ukuze ihambisane. Ukushaja kungenzeka ekhaya, emsebenzini, noma kunoma yiziphi iziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi ezikhulayo.

Izinhlobo zokunqwabelana:

Ukushaja ileveli 1

Ukushaja kweleveli 1 noma 120V EV kuza nakho konke ukuthenga kwe-EV ngendlela yentambo yokushaja enepulaki engu-1-prong. Intambo ixhuma kunoma iyiphi indawo yodonga enesisekelo esihle ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi inembobo yokushaja imoto ngakolunye. Ibhokisi lesekethe ye-elekthronikhi lihamba phakathi kwephinikhodi nesixhumi - intambo ihlola isekethe ukuze ithole ukuphansi okufanele kanye namazinga amanje. Ileveli 20 ihlinzeka ngohlobo olunensa kakhulu lokushaja, izimoto eziningi zithatha cishe amahora angama-XNUMX ukushaja ngokugcwele.

Iningi labanikazi be-EV abakhokhisa izimoto zabo ekhaya (ngobusuku obubodwa) basebenzisa lolu hlobo lweshaja yasekhaya. Nakuba amahora angu-9 engase angayikhokhi ngokugcwele imoto, ngokuvamile anele ukushayela ngakusasa uma engaphansi kwamamayela angu-40. Ohambweni olude olungafika kumamayela angu-80 ngosuku noma ohambweni olude, intengo yeSigaba 1 ingase ingafaneleki uma umshayeli engayitholi ichweba endaweni noma andise izitobhi eduze komzila. Futhi, ezimweni ezishisa kakhulu noma ezibandayo, amandla engeziwe angadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ibhethri izinga lokushisa elifanele ezingeni eliphezulu lokushaja.

Ukushaja ileveli 2

Ngokuphinda kabili i-voltage yokushaja yeleveli 1, ukushaja kweleveli 2 kuletha amavolthi angama-240 ngesikhathi sokushaja esisheshayo esimaphakathi. Amakhaya amaningi kanye neziteshi eziningi zokushaja zomphakathi zinokusethwa kweleveli 2. Ukufakwa kwekhaya kudinga uhlobo olufanayo lwezintambo njengesomiso sezingubo noma isitofu sikagesi, hhayi nje indawo yokuphuma odongeni. Ileveli 2 iphinde ihlanganise i-amperage ephezulu kumjikelezo wayo - ama-amps angama-40 kuye kwangama-60 ngeseshini yokushaja esheshayo kanye nebanga eliphakeme lemayela ngehora lokushaja. Uma kungenjalo, ukucushwa kwekhebuli nesixhumi semoto kuyafana nokusesendlaleni 1.

Ukufaka isiteshi sokushaja esisezingeni 2 ekhaya kubiza imali eningi, kodwa abasebenzisi bazozuza ngokushaja ngokushesha futhi bonge imali ngokusebenzisa iziteshi zangaphandle. Futhi, ukufaka isikhungo samandla kukwenza ufanelekele ikhredithi yentela yenhlangano engu-30% efika ku-$1,000, engakongela imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC

Ngeke ukwazi ukufaka isiteshi sokushaja se-DC ekhaya lakho - zibiza kufika ku-$100,000. Ziyabiza ngoba zikwazi ukunikeza izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ibanga elingafika kumamayela ayi-40 ngemizuzu engama-10. Izitobhi ezisheshayo zebhizinisi noma zekhofi nazo zisebenza njengethuba lokushajwa kabusha. Nakuba lokho kungakabi kangako ekuhambeni kwe-EV amabanga amade, kwenza ukuhamba amamayela angu-200 ngosuku kube maningi amathuba okuba namakhefu amaningi okushaja.

Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kuqanjwe kanjalo ngoba i-DC enamandla amakhulu isetshenziswa ukushaja ibhethri. Iziteshi zokushaja zasekhaya ezisezingeni 1 kanye no-2 zine-alternating current (AC) ezingakwazi ukunikeza amandla angaka. Iziteshi zokushaja okusheshayo ze-DC ziya ngokuya zivela emigwaqweni emikhulu ukuze zisetshenziswe umphakathi njengoba zidinga izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu zezintambo zokuthutha ugesi.

Ngaphandle kwe-Tesla, ehlinzeka nge-adaptha, amazinga 1 no-2 aphinde asebenzise isixhumi esifanayo "J-1772" yesixhumi sokushaja. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene zokushaja kwe-DC kumamodeli ezimoto ahlukene:

• Asambe: Ihambisana neNissan Leaf, Mitsubishi i-MiEV kanye neKia Soul EV.
• I-CCS (isistimu yokushaja ehlanganisiwe): Isebenza nabo bonke abakhiqizi be-US EV kanye nezinhlobo ze-EV zaseJalimane ezihlanganisa i-Chevrolet, i-Ford, i-BMW, ​​i-Mercedes-Benz, i-Volkswagon ne-Volvo.
• I-Tesla supercharger: Isiteshi esisheshayo nesinamandla sitholakala kuphela kubanikazi beTesla. Ngokungafani ne-CHAdeMO ne-CCS, i-Supercharger imahhala emakethe elinganiselwe.

Lapho ongakhokhisa khona:

Ikhaya: Abanikazi abaningi be-EV bashaja izimoto zabo ebusuku eziteshini zikaLeveli 1 noma 2 ezifakwe ezindlini zabo. Ekhaya elinomndeni owodwa, izindleko zokushaja zingaba ngaphansi kwezindleko zokuqhuba isiphephetha-moya unyaka wonke ngenxa yezikweletu eziphansi nezizinzile zamandla. Ukushaja kwendawo yokuhlala kungaba inselele kakhulu ngokuya ngokufinyeleleka futhi kuyafana nokushaja komphakathi.

Umsebenzi: Izinkampani eziningi seziqala ukunikeza amaphuzu ebhonasi ngaso leso sikhathi njengenzuzo enhle yabasebenzi. Kushibhile uma kuqhathaniswa ukuthi izinkampani zingazifaka futhi zizisiza ukuthi zinakekele imvelo. Abanikazi bamahhovisi bangase bakhokhise noma bangayikhokhi imali yokuyisebenzisa, kodwa abasebenzi basengayisebenzisa mahhala futhi inkampani ikhokha isikweletu.

Esidlangalaleni: Cishe zonke izingosi zomphakathi zinikeza ukushaja kweLeveli 2 futhi nenani lezindawo liyaqhubeka nokukhula, kanti ezinye zihlanganisa nezinhlobo ezithile zokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC. Ezinye zazo zikhululekile ukuzisebenzisa, kanti ezinye zibiza imali encane, ngokuvamile zikhokhwa ngobulungu. Njengeziteshi zikaphethiloli, izimbobo zokushaja aziklanyelwe ukuthi zibe matasa amahora amaningi uma zingagwenywa, ikakhulukazi ezisesidlangalaleni. Shiya imoto yakho iboshiwe ize ishajwe ngokugcwele bese udlulela endaweni yokupaka evamile ukuze uvule isiteshi salabo abasidingayo.

Ukusesha isiteshi sokushaja:

Nakuba iziteshi zokushaja zikhula ngobuningi, ukuzithola ngaphandle kwekhaya lakho kusengaba ubuqili uma ungazi ukuthi zikuphi. Qiniseka ukuthi wenza ucwaningo kusengaphambili - awekho amaningi njengeziteshi zikaphethiloli okwamanje (yize ezinye iziteshi zikaphethiloli zinamachweba wokushaja). I-Google Amamephu nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ze-EV ezifana ne-PlugShare ne-Open Charge Map zingakusiza ukuthi unciphise iziteshi eziseduze. Futhi, naka imikhawulo yebanga lokushajwa kwemoto yakho futhi uhlele ngokufanele. Olunye uhambo olude kungenzeka lungakasekelwa iziteshi zokushaja ezifanele endleleni.