Ukushintsha i-catalyst ngesivimbi somlilo: okuhle nokubi
Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwegesi yezimoto kusithinta kabi kangakanani isimo somkhathi. Endaweni ethile kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2011, izindinganiso zobuthi bezimoto zaqala ukwethulwa. Kusukela ngo-XNUMX, sekuyimpoqo ukuhlomisa uhlelo lwe-exhaust nge-catalytic converter kanye nesihlungi sezinhlayiya.
Iyini isihlungi se-particle, sabhala kwesinye sezihloko ezedlule kuwebhusayithi yethu ye-Vodi.su. Okushiwo lapho kanye nesiguquli se-catalytic. Le ngxenye yesistimu yokukhipha umoya ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-catalyst noma isiguquli. Abanikazi bezimoto bavame ukususa ama-catalyst kanye nezihlungi zezinhlayiya futhi babeke izicishamlilo endaweni yazo.
Kungani kudingeka lokhu? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuguqulwa? Sizozama ukucabangela lezi zinkinga ngobuqotho endabeni yanamuhla.
Yini i-catalyst?
Igama liyazikhulumela. Le ngxenye iklanyelwe ukunqanda izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali eziyingozi ezikhona ngobuningi bamagesi aphumayo. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi i-catalyst ihlanza kuphela ukukhishwa kwamagesi ayingozi, futhi izinhlayiya ze-soot zihlala kusihlungi se-particle.
I-catalyst ngokwayo i-stainless steel can, efakwe ngokushesha ngemuva kwepayipi yokukhipha i-multifold exhaust. Ngokomongo, singabona izici ezilandelayo:
- ukugcwaliswa kwe-ceramic ngesimo sezinyosi;
- i-gasket ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa ukuze ivikeleke emazingeni okushisa aphezulu;
- into esebenzayo ye-catalytic izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi: ithusi, i-nickel, igolide, i-palladium, i-chromium, i-rhodium.
Lapho amagesi e-exhaust edlula amapuleti alezi zinsimbi, i-catalyst yenza kusebenze ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ezingxenyeni eziyingozi ezishisayo (i-carbon monoxide nezinhlanganisela zayo). Ekuphumeni, sithola kuphela i-carbon dioxide enezinhlayiya ze-soot ezihlala kusihlungi.
Kakade incazelo eyodwa yale divayisi yanele ukuqonda ukuthi le nto ayishibhile. Uma i-catalyst ifika endlini ephindwe kabili ngesihlungi se-particle, intengo ingafinyelela kumaphesenti angu-15-25 yenani eliphelele lemoto.
Ngakho-ke isiphetho siyaziphakamisa ngokwaso. Kungani ushintsha i-catalyst ibe yi-flame arrester? Khona-ke, labo abambalwa baseRussia abasebenza ngokwethembeka bangakwazi ukuthenga okunjalo. Yiqiniso, sonke sifuna ukuba umoya uhlanzeke futhi ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke akufiki. Kodwa uma ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuthola okungenani ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 ephaketheni lakho, ngamunye wethu uzobheka inketho eshibhile.
Yini isivimbi somlilo?
Isibambisi somlilo siyithangi lensimbi engagqwali, ngaphakathi kwalo kukhona ukufakwa kwe-thermal (okuphinde kusebenze njengokuvala umsindo) kanye nepayipi elinezimbobo. Umsebenzi wesici esibamba ilangabi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lentuthu ephuma enjinini ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ibambe umsindo. Okusho ukuthi, i-flame arrester iyi-resonator efanayo, kodwa ngomsebenzi wokunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokukhipha.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuvala amalangabi:
- esebenzayo;
- i-passive;
- kuhlangene.
Ezangaphambili zisetshenziswa kaningi, njengoba zimunca imisindo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-basalt mineral wool packing. Ngaphezu kwepayipi ene-perforated, ama-diffuser amaningana ama-diameter ahlukahlukene afakwe kuma-dampers angenayo. Izinga lokushisa kanye nesivinini samagesi kuyancishiswa ngenxa yokuthi agxuma izikhathi eziningana ezindongeni zama-diffusers. Lokhu futhi kunciphisa izinga lomsindo. Yebo, izinketho ezihlanganisiwe zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zedatha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinqamuli zomlilo eziyinhloko (azifakwanga ngokushesha ngemuva kwe-exhaust manifold, kodwa ku-exhaust pipe) kanye nabaqoqi (bakhonza kancane kakhulu, ngoba amagesi ashisa ama-degree angu-450 angena kuwo ngokushesha esuka emakamelweni omlilo) .
Izinzuzo Zokufaka I-Flame Arrester Esikhundleni Se-Catalyst
I-plus ebaluleke kakhulu icacile kunoma ubani owaqhathanisa izindleko ze-catalyst kanye ne-flame arrester. Ukuthenga nokufaka okokugcina kuzobiza izinkulungwane eziyi-15-20. Phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo, sigqamisa:
- ukwanda kwamandla;
- ungasebenzisa uphethiloli ngenombolo ye-octane ephansi;
- isibambi somlilo asishisi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ayikho ingozi yokusha okuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani amandla enyuka? Ngoba i-catalyst idala ukumelana okuhle endleleni yegesi yokukhipha. Isivimbi somlilo siyipayipi elingenalutho okudlula kulo amagesi ngokukhululeka.
Ikhekheba lezinyosi le-ceramic lesiguquli se-catalytic lingavaleka ngokushesha ngentuthu ephansi kaphethiloli we-octane. Okokubamba ilangabi, lokhu akuyingozi kangako, ngakho usengakwazi ukonga kuphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungezwa kaningi kwabanye abashayeli ukuthi ngenxa yokushintshwa kwe-catalyst, injini izothuthukisa impilo yayo ngokushesha. Lokhu akulona iqiniso nhlobo. Injini, ngokuphambene nalokho, ingcono uma amagesi okukhipha umoya ephuma ngokushesha.
amaphutha
Kukhona futhi okubi. Okokuqala, ukuze wenze enye indawo, akwanele ukusika ithini elilodwa bese ushisela elinye esikhundleni. Udinga futhi ukukhanyisa kabusha iyunithi yokulawula injini ye-elekthronikhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthola uchwepheshe omuhle, ngaphandle kwalokho injini izosebenza ngokuphazamiseka okukhulu.
Okwesibili, kukhona ukwesaba okukhulu ukuthi maduze eRussia, kanye naseYurophu, bazomane bavimbele ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto ezisezingeni elingaphansi kwe-Euro-4. EPoland efanayo noma eJalimane, ngeke usakwazi ukubiza "ipeni" elibhemayo. Lokhu kuzwakale ikakhulukazi kubashayeli bamaloli abenza izindiza zamazwe ngamazwe - iloli lingatshalwa emngceleni.
Nokho, enye i-drawback ukwehla kwempilo yesevisi yalo lonke uhlelo lwe-muffler. I-flame arrester ayikwazi ukunciphisa isivinini samagesi njengoba kwenza i-catalyst, ngenxa yalokhu, umthwalo owengeziwe uzowela ohlelweni lokukhipha umoya. Yiqiniso, insiza izokwehla ngamaphesenti angu-10-20 kuphela. Lokho akubalulekile kangako.
Ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa kwe-catalyst nge-flame arrester kufanelekile ngokugcwele, kunezinzuzo ezingaphezu kokubi. Ungakhohlwa kuphela ukuthi imoto yakho izolimaza imvelo, futhi mancane amathuba okuba uvunyelwe ukungena eYurophu kuyo.
Iyalayisha...
