Ingabe kusemthethweni ukumba owakho umthombo eFlorida?
Okuqukethwe
Kulesi sihloko, uzothola ukuthi ukwakha umthombo kusemthethweni yini eFlorida, okuhlanganisa nemininingwane yezomthetho.
Njengomuntu oqede izinkontileka zemithombo eminingi yaseFlorida, nginolwazi olukhulu ngezinqubo zokumba imithombo yamanzi kanye nokuba semthethweni. Ukwakhiwa kahle eFlorida kulawulwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukushuba kokulawula nokuvumela kuyahluka kakhulu kuzo zonke izifunda ezinhlanu. Ukwazi ukuthi ungayithola kanjani imvume futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho ungakha khona umthombo endaweni engaphansi kwe-aquifer engangcolisiwe ngaphandle kwelayisensi kuzokusiza ugweme ukugijima nomthetho.
Njengomthetho, kufanele uhambisane nezidingo zeFlorida Water Authority (FWMD) kanye neFlorida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) futhi uthole ilayisensi yokumba owakho umthombo wamanzi eFlorida.
- Ezinye izifunda eFlorida zizokuvumela ukuthi wakhe umthombo ngaphandle kwelayisensi uma ungaphansi kwamayintshi angu-2 ububanzi, kodwa udinga ukukhanya okuluhlaza kwe-FWMD.
- Ukubhoboza izimbobo ezinkulu kuno-2 amayintshi ububanzi kudinga imvume.
Ngizongena imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezansi.
Ukwakhiwa kahle eFlorida
Ukwakhiwa kwemithombo yamanzi kuhlotshaniswa nokungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nezinye izinkinga zemvelo. Kulokhu, imithetho ehlukahlukene yezemvelo yenhlangano ilawula ukwakhiwa kwemithombo. Kodwa-ke, umthetho we-federal awulawuli ukwakhiwa kwemithombo eFlorida.
Ezinye izinkinga ezihambisana nokwakhiwa komthombo zihlanganisa ukugeleza kwemfucuza eyingozi esuka emthonjeni ongcolile ingene ku-aquifer. Esimeni esinjalo, kuzokwenziwa uphenyo ngokuhambisana Nomthetho Ophelele Wokuhoxiswa Kwezemvelo kanye Nezikweletu (CERCLA).
Ngakho-ke, ngamafuphi, kufanele uthintane ne-Florida Water Resources Management Districts (FWMD) ukuze uthole imicikilisho ngaphambi kokumba umthombo wamanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ezingeni likahulumeni, uMnyango Wokuvikela Imvelo waseFlorida (FDEP) unikeza izimiso zaseFlorida ngokusebenzisa isahluko 373 somthethosisekelo kanye nesigaba 373.308.
Lokhu kwadlulisela ingxenye enkulu yegunya layo elingokomthetho ukwengamela ukwakhiwa kwemithombo yamanzi ku-FWMD. Ngakho-ke, ukumba umthombo wamanzi ngaphandle kwemvume ye-FWMD, engaphansi kwe-FDEP, kuyoba emthethweni.
Ukunakwa
La mashatha kanye nemithetho yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi akhiqizwa emithonjeni. Izinga kanye nenani le-aquifer noma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba nawo avikelekile.
I-DVVH iphinde ilawule inani lamanzi atholwe emthonjeni, baye babeka izidingo ezithile kuye ngokuthi ububanzi bomthombo kanye nezimvume zokusebenzisa okungabuyiseleki. Ungathola ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngezimvume zokusebenzisa imvume ku-FE608, Ukusetshenziswa Okungapheli.
Izidingo zokwakhiwa kwemithombo yamanzi
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kufanele ukuhlole lokhu neziphathimandla ezifanele (ikakhulukazi i-FWMD) ngaphambi kokucabangela ukwakha umthombo wamanzi. Uma kungenjalo, uzobe wephula umthetho.
Umthetho uvumela kuphela osonkontileka abanelayisensi yokwakha, ukulungisa, noma ukuphonsa imithombo.
I-FWMD yengamele izinqubo zokuhlola kanye nokunikezwa kwamalayisensi kosonkontileka abaphakela amanzi. Nokho, kukhona okuhlukile esidingweni sokuqasha usonkontileka onelayisensi. Abantu bangavunyelwa ukumba imithombo inqobo nje uma bethobela imithetho yendawo neyezwe.
Ngakho-ke, imvume ayidingeki ezimweni ezimbili ezilandelayo (bona isigaba 373.326(2) seSitatimende saseFlorida):
Icala 1: Ukumba umthombo wamanzi asekhaya angamayintshi amabili
Abanikazi bezindlu bavunyelwe ukumba imithombo engu-2-intshi ezindlini zabo ngezinhloso zasekhaya njengokulima.
Ukunakwa
Abanikazi bezindlu noma abaqashi basengadingeka ukuthi bathole imvume futhi balethe umbiko onemininingwane wokuqedwa komthombo eFlorida Water Management District. Ukuze unqume ukuthi uyayidinga yini imvume yomthombo ongu-2", thintana nabaphathi bendawo (ihhovisi lesifunda noma umnyango wokuthuthukiswa kwe-UF/IFAS).
Icala lesi-2: Uma i-Fwmd ingafaki ubunzima obungadingekile kumfakisicelo
Ukuhambisana neFlorida Well Construction Act kungadala ubunzima obungadingekile kumfakisicelo. Esimeni esinjalo, i-FWMD ivumela usonkontileka wamanzi noma umuntu oyedwa ukuthi abhoboze umthombo ngaphandle kwelayisensi.
Ukunakwa
Nokho, kufanele ufune ukukhululwa ebunzimeni obungenangqondo. Bhala isicelo esisemthethweni uye esifundeni sokuphathwa kwamanzi. I-FWMD izohlola umbiko wakho nge-FDEP ngaphambi kokuthi uthole ukukhanya okuluhlaza.
Amaphuzu abalulekile
Izifunda eziningana zaseFlorida zethule imithetho yendawo enezidingo eziqinile zezimvume zokwakha imithombo yamanzi noma ukuthola amalayisensi. Isibonelo, eSifundazweni saseManatee, abanikazi bezindawo kufanele bathole ilayisense yomthombo wamanzi yanoma yimuphi umthombo, ngisho nemithombo engaphansi kwamayintshi angu-2 ububanzi.
Ikhula ngaphezu kwama-intshi angu-2 ububanzi
Imithombo engama-intshi amathathu, ama-intshi amane, njll. kumele yakhiwe osonkontileka abanelayisensi. Abanikazi bezindlu nabo badinga imvume yokwakha leyo mithombo.
Ukunakwa
Ama-FWMD amahlanu eFlorida angase abe nezidingo zezimvume ezihlukene. Ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uthintana ne-FWMD yakho ukuze uthole ulwazi olunembile lokwakhiwa kwemithombo yamanzi. Ngenhlanhla, ungavakashela iwebhusayithi ye-FWMD esemthethweni ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Imibandela Yokukhishwa
Ukukhululwa okuyinhloko kwezimvume noma amalayisense okwakha, ukulungisa nokulahlwa kwemfucuza kuwela ngaphansi kwalezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
Imithombo yakhiwa ngaphambi kuka-1972.
Awudingi ukuthola imvume yokwakha kabusha ngemithombo eyakhiwa ngaphambi kuka-1972. Kodwa usadinga imvume yokukhanda noma yokuyekisa ukusebenza uma i-FDEP ihlaba umkhosi imithombo yakho njengeyingozi emithonjeni yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Ukusebenza kwesikhashana kwemishini yokukhipha amanzi
Awudingi imvume yokwakha ukuze usebenzise imishini yokukhipha amanzi.
Imvume yokwakha ayidingeki ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, ukulungiswa, noma ukulahlwa kwemithombo ekhululiwe esikweletini ngaphansi kweSitatimende saseFlorida Isahluko 373, izigaba 373.303(7) kanye no-373.326 (okuhlanganisa imithombo kawoyela, imithombo yegesi yemvelo, imithombo yamaminerali, nemithombo yamaminerali). .
Indawo yemithombo yamanzi
I-FWMD iphinde inqume ukuthi izobekwa kuphi noma yakhe umthombo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhambise indawo ongase ube khona umthombo wamanzi ku-FWMD ukuze ivunywe.
Ukuxhumana kokuqala kwezindawo zemithombo yamanzi kuvimbela ukuthi kube khona ukumba umthombo endaweni enokungcola okukhona noma ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. I-FDEP iqhubeka ibuyekeza futhi ishicilela amamephu ezindawo ezingcoliswe amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ungalucela lolu lwazi ku-FWMD yakho. (1)
I-FWMD kanye neminyango yezempilo iphinde igunyaze ukuthi kube nebanga elincane okumele lakhiwe imithombo emanzini angcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-FWMD yeluleka abafake izicelo ngebanga elincane lemithombo yamanzi ukusuka ezindaweni zokudonsa amanzi, izindawo zokugcina amakhemikhali, amathangi e-septic nezinye izinto nezakhiwo ezingcolile.
Mayelana nalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintana ne-FWMD ngokuthi ungawakha kuphi umthombo wakho. Ngale ndlela, uzovimbela ubuthi bamanzi kanye nezifo ezihlobene nokuphuza amanzi angcolile.
Futhi phawula ukuthi uma izibulala-zinambuzane zisetshenziswa ngokungacabangi, zingase zibe nobuthi endaweni engaphansi komhlaba futhi ngenxa yalokho zibangele ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, abalimi kufanele baqonde imithetho yokwakha imithombo yamanzi. (2)
Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.
- Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukumba umthombo
- Adingeka kuphi ama-hydraulic shock absorbers?
- Ungayibheka kanjani into yokushisa ngaphandle kwe-multimeter
Izincomo
(1) ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/
umhlaba nesayensi yeplanethi/ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba
(2) ukungcola okuyindawo yonke - https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/
10.1029/2018GL081530
Isixhumanisi sevidiyo
