Ingabe iodine iyawuhambisa ugesi?

Iodine iyiminerali ebalulekile empilweni yomuntu. Kodwa ingabe inazo izici zikagesi? Thola okwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko esithakazelisayo kulokhu okuthunyelwe.

Iodine imnyama, iyacwebezela, iqinile njengekristalu ezingeni lokushisa legumbi nokucindezela. Yabelana ngendawo ngakwesokudla kwetafula le-periodic namanye ama-halogen. Iodine isetshenziswa ezintweni eziningi ezahlukene njengosawoti, oyinki, ama-catalyst, amakhemikhali ezithombe, nama-LCD.

I-Iodine ayisona isikhondusi esihle sikagesi ngoba izibopho eziqinile zibamba ama-electron aqinile (izibopho phakathi kwama-athomu amabili e-iodine akha i-molecule ye-iodine, i-I2). I-Iodine ine-electronegativity ephansi kakhulu yawo wonke ama-halogen.

Iodine iyikhemikhali ethathwa njengengeyona eyensimbi futhi itholakala ikakhulukazi kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, okuhlanganisa nolwandle.

Lesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezici ezihlukahlukene ze-iodine nokuthi ngabe iqhuba ugesi.

Kungani i-iodine iyikhondatha kagesi empofu?

I-Iodine ayiwuhambisi ugesi ngoba i-molecule ngayinye yakhiwe ama-athomu amabili e-iodine ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngesibopho esihlangene esingakwazi ukujabula ngokwanele ukuhambisa amandla kagesi.

Ishintsha kanjani i-iodine phakathi kokuqinile nokuwuketshezi?

Nokho, conductivity yayo ayishintshi kakhulu phakathi okuqinile futhi liquid. Ngisho noma i-iodine ingeyena umqhubi omuhle, ukuyengeza kwezinye izinto kubenza babe amakhondatha angcono. Iodine monochloride iyindlela enamandla yokwenza izintambo ze-carbon nanotube ziqhube ugesi kangcono.

Ingakanani i-iodine emanzini?

Iodide iwuhlobo lwe-ionic lwe-iodine. Inecala elibi, njenge-halogen. I-I- (i-electrolyte noma i-ion) emanzini izobangela ukuthi uma kungenjalo amanzi ahlanzekile ahambise ugesi.

Iluphi uhlobo lwesivikelo olulungele i-iodine?

Uma ungathola i-iodine isesimweni esiwuketshezi, ingaba yi-covalent. Ama-covalent compounds nawo angama-insulators angcono kakhulu, ngakho awavumeli ugesi ukuthi udlule (okwenzeka lapho ama-ion ehamba).

Yiziphi izici ze-iodine?

Ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni, i-iodine eyisisekelo iqinile emnyama, iyacwebezela futhi inezingqimba. Ngezinye izikhathi itholakala emvelweni njengetshe noma i-mineral, kodwa ivame ukutholakala ngendlela ye-iodide, i-anion (I-). Amanani amancane ayingozi kancane, kodwa amanani amakhulu ayingozi. Ngendlela yayo eyisisekelo, i-iodine ibangela izilonda zesikhumba, futhi igesi ye-iodine (I2) ihlukumeza amehlo.

Nakuba i-iodine ingase ingasebenzi njenge-fluorine, i-chlorine, noma i-bromine, isakha izinhlanganisela nezinye izakhi eziningi futhi ithathwa njengegqwala. Iodine iqinile okungeyona insimbi kodwa inezici ezithile zensimbi (ikakhulukazi ukubukeka kwayo okucwebezelayo noma okucwebezelayo). Iodine iyisivikelo, njengamanye ama-non-metal, ngakho ayikuphathi kahle ukushisa noma ugesi.

Amaqiniso nge-iodine

• Iodine eqinile ibukeka imnyama, kodwa ingumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-violet omnyama kakhulu ohambisana nombala we-iodine enegesi, onsomi.
• Iodine iyisici esinzima kunazo zonke esidingwa yizinto eziphilayo futhi ingenye yezinto eziyivelakancane.
• Iningi le-iodine ekhiqizwa minyaka yonke isetshenziswa njengesengezo ekudleni kwezilwane.
• Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kukasawoti one-iodized kwakuseMichigan ngo-1924. Abantu ababehlala eduze nolwandle futhi bedla ukudla kwasolwandle e-United States bathola inani elanele le-iodine evela emvelweni. Kodwa ekugcineni kwatholakala ukuthi ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kwandisa ingozi ye-goiter kanye nendlala yegilo ekhulisiwe kubantu abahlala ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni. Izwe elisuka e-Rocky Mountains kuya e-Great Lakes nasentshonalanga ye-New York lalibizwa ngokuthi "ibhande lezitshalo".
• Ihomoni yegilo ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwengqondo nangokomzimba. Njengoba indlala yegilo idinga i-iodine ukuze ikhiqize i-hormone i-thyroxine, ukuntuleka kwe-iodine ngaphambi kokuzalwa (kumama) noma ngesikhathi sobuntwana kungabangela izinkinga zengqondo noma ukukhula okuvimbile enganeni. Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokukhubazeka kwengqondo engalungiswa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-congenital hypothyroidism, okusho ukuthi umuntu akazange abe ne-hormone yegilo eyanele kusukela azalwa.

Njengoba ubona, i-iodine iyikhonduki engalungile kagesi. Ngenxa yalokhu, isetshenziswa ezimweni eziningi njengengxenye yomqhubi ongasebenzisi ugesi. Uma ufuna into engekho-conductive yesimo, ufuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ngeke iphazamise ugesi.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• I-Sucrose ihambisa ugesi
• I-nitrogen ihambisa ugesi
• I-Isopropyl alcohol yenza ugesi