Ingabe ucingo lwethusi luyinto ehlanzekile (kungani noma ngani?)

Ukuze ihlukaniswe njengento ehlanzekile, i-elementi noma inhlanganisela kufanele yakhiwe uhlobo olulodwa lwe-athomu noma i-molecule. Umoya, amanzi kanye ne-nitrogen yizibonelo ezivamile zezinto ezihlanzekile. Kodwa kuthiwani ngethusi? Ingabe ucingo lwethusi luyinto emsulwa?

Yebo, ucingo lwethusi luyinto emsulwa. Iqukethe ama-athomu ethusi kuphela. Nokho, lesi sitatimende asilona iqiniso ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi ucingo lwethusi lungahlanganiswa nezinye izinsimbi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, asikwazi ukuhlukanisa ucingo lwethusi njengento ehlanzekile.

Ingabe ithusi liyinto ehlanzekile (kungani noma kungani kungenjalo)?

Singahlukanisa ithusi njengento emsulwa njengoba le nsimbi iqukethe ama-athomu ethusi kuphela. Nansi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-electron ne-proton yethusi.

Kungani ithusi lingeke libe msulwa?

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuze kube into emsulwa, i-elementi noma inhlanganisela kufanele iqukathe uhlobo olulodwa lwebhulokhi yokwakha. Kungaba into efana negolide noma inhlanganisela efana nosawoti.

Ithiphu: Usawoti wakhiwa nge-sodium ne-chlorine.

Kodwa-ke, lezi zakhi nezinhlanganisela ngeke zibe khona ngendlela yazo ehlanzekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho, ithusi lingaxutshwa nezinye izinto. Isibonelo, ngenxa yokungcola, ithusi lingaxubana nezinye izinto.

Nakuba sibhala ithusi njengento emsulwa, ungase uthole izingcezu zethusi ezingelona ithusi elimsulwa.

Ingabe ithusi liyingxenye?

Yebo, ngophawu u-Cu, ithusi liyisici esinezici zensimbi ethambile ne-ductile. I-Copper ingunombolo 29 etafuleni le-periodic. Ngaphakathi kwensimbi yethusi, ungathola ama-athomu ethusi kuphela.

I-Copper ine-conductivity ephezulu kagesi. Indawo yethusi eveziwe izoba nombala obomvana-owolintshi.

Noma iyiphi into eyaziwayo engakwazi ukuhlukaniswa kwezinye izinto ibizwa ngokuthi i-elementi. Ngokwesibonelo, umoya-mpilo uyisici. Futhi i-hydrogen iyisici. Kodwa amanzi awasona isici. Amanzi akhiwa umoya-mpilo nama-athomu e-hydrogen. Ngakho-ke, ingahlukaniswa ibe yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene.

Ingabe ithusi liyinhlanganisela?

Cha, ithusi aliyona inhlanganisela. Ukuze kubhekwe njengenhlanganisela, izinto ezimbili ezihlukene kufanele zakhe isibopho esinye nesinye. Ngokwesibonelo, i-carbon dioxide iyinhlanganisela. Yakhiwe ngekhabhoni nomoya-mpilo.

Ingabe ithusi liyingxube?

Cha, ithusi aliyona ingxubevange. Ukuze ihlukaniswe njengengxube, into eqondiwe kufanele yakhiwe izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukene. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto kufanele zibe khona endaweni efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into kufanele ihlale ingaboshiwe.

Ithusi liqukethe into eyodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke ithusi aliyona ingxube.

Nokho, eminye imikhiqizo yethusi ingase ibhalwe njengengxube. Isibonelo, abakhiqizi baxuba ezinye izinsimbi nethusi ukuze bashintshe izici zabo zomzimba. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezingxube zethusi.

• Insimbi eshelelayo (Cu - 95% kanye neZn - 5%)
• I-Cartridge brass (Cu - 70% kanye ne-Zn - 30%)
• I-Phosphor bronze (Cu – 89.75 % kanye ne-Sn – 10 %, P – 0.25 %)

Uma ufuna ezinye izibonelo ezimbalwa, amanzi anosawoti namanzi anoshukela yizingxube ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ohlangana nazo nsuku zonke.

Yini engaqukatha ucingo lwethusi?

Isikhathi esiningi, ucingo lwethusi lungahlukaniswa njengento emsulwa. Iqukethe ama-athomu ethusi kuphela. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abanye abakhiqizi bengeza ezinye izinsimbi ukuze bashintshe izici ezibonakalayo zocingo lwethusi. Lezi zinguquko ziqalwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokuqina kocingo lwethusi. Izibonelo ezivame kakhulu zethusi, i-titanium nethusi. Ngakho-ke, uma sicabangela ucingo lwethusi lulonke, ucingo lwethusi aluyona into ehlanzekile.

Ingabe ucingo lwethusi luyingxube?

Kuya ohlotsheni lwentambo yethusi. Uma ucingo lwethusi luhlanganisa kuphela ithusi elimsulwa, ngeke sicabangele ucingo lwethusi njengengxube. Kodwa uma ucingo lwethusi luqukethe ezinye izinsimbi, lungabhalwa njengengxube.

Ingabe i-copper wire ingxube ye-homogeneous noma i-heterogeneous?

Ngaphambi kokwazi uhlobo lwe-copper wire compound, udinga ukuqonda kangcono izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-compound. Ngokuyisisekelo kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezingxube; Ingxube ye-homogeneous noma ingxube ehlukahlukene. (1)

Ingxube ye-homogeneous

Uma izinto ezixubile zifana namakhemikhali, sikubiza ngokuthi ingxube ye-homogeneous.

inhlanganisela heterogeneous

Uma izinto ezisengxubeni zinezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali, sikubiza ngokuthi ingxube ehlukahlukene.

Ngakho-ke, uma kuziwa ocingweni lwethusi, uma luqukethe ithusi kuphela, singayibiza ngokuthi i-homogeneous substance. Khumbula, ucingo lwethusi luyinto e-homogeneous kuphela, hhayi ingxube ye-homogeneous.

Kodwa-ke, uma ucingo lwethusi lwakhiwe ngezinye izinsimbi, le ngxube i-homogeneous.

Bese ukhumbula: Kungenzeka ukuthola izinhlobo zezintambo zethusi ezingenawo amakhemikhali afanayo. Lokhu kungenxa yesici sokukhiqiza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ucingo lwethusi alusebenzi njengensimbi eqinile. Kodwa, ngobuchwepheshe besimanje, kunzima ukuthola izintambo zethusi ezinjalo.  

umehluko phakathi kwento emsulwa nengxube

Into ehlanzekile inohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-athomu noma uhlobo olulodwa lwe-molecule. Lawa ma-molecule kufanele akhiwe ngohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwempahla.

Ngakho, njengoba uqonda, ithusi linohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-athomu, futhi lokhu kuyinto emsulwa.

Kuthiwani ngamanzi awuketshezi?

Amanzi awuketshezi akhiwa ama-athomu omoya-mpilo kanye ne-hydrogen, futhi akha i-H₂O. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi awuketshezi aqukethe kuphela i-H₂Amamolekyuli O. Ngenxa yalokhu, amanzi awuketshezi ayinto ehlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usawoti wetafula, aka NaCl, uyinto ehlanzekile. I-NaCl iqukethe kuphela ama-athomu e-sodium ne-chlorine.

Izinto ezakhiwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-athomu noma ama-athomu angenaso isakhiwo esivamile zaziwa njengezingxube. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu yi-vodka.

I-Vodka yakhiwa ama-molecule e-ethanol nama-molecule amanzi. Lawa ma-molecule ahlangana namanye ngendlela engavamile. Ngakho, i-vodka iyinhlanganisela. I-Salami nayo ingahlukaniswa njengengxube. Iqukethe amafutha namaprotheni akhiwe ama-molecule ahlukene. (2)

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• Isho ukuthini i-OL ku-multimeter
• Indlela yokuxhuma i-coil circuit circuit

Izincomo

(1) Ingxube ye-homogeneous noma ingxube ehlukahlukene - https://www.thoughtco.com/heterogeneous-and-homogeneous-mixtures-606106

(2) I-Vodka - https://www.forbes.com/sites/joemicallef/2021/10/01/the-spirits-masters-announces-the-worlds-best-vodkas/

Izixhumanisi zevidiyo

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