Ingabe uhlela ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe? Hlola okufanele ukukhumbule!

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi abaningi bethu bakhetha izimoto ezike zasetshenziswa ngenxa yentengo ephansi. Nokho, uma ulandela lo mbandela, kulula ukunyathela imayini. Futhi uma sithenge imoto eshibhile, uma ngemva kwenyanga noma ezimbili enqaba ukusilalela? Isimo asisibi okwamanje uma sinephutha elincane kuphela, kodwa kungase kube namacala amabi kakhulu. Abanye bashiyela umakhenikha u-10%, u-20% noma u-50% wentengo abayikhokhele imoto.

Ungazivikela kanjani kulokhu futhi ungathengi ngephutha ibhomu lokumaka?

Yilokhu okubhalwe ngakho isihloko. Yifunde futhi uzofunda ukuthi ungaqala kanjani ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Lokhu kufunda kuzosiza ikakhulukazi kwabaqalayo, kodwa abanolwazi olunzulu bazothola ulwazi oluwusizo lapha.

Ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe - ukulungiselela kusengaphambili

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufuna imoto yakho yamaphupho, cabanga ngenani lemali ofuna ukuyisebenzisa ngalezi zinhloso. Nakuba lokhu kungase kungabonakali njengento enkulu, empeleni intengo izokuqondisa ngokushesha endleleni efanele lapho uphequlula okunikezwayo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukunquma ububanzi bokusesha kwakho.

Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi enhloko-dolobha yakho udinga ukucabangela hhayi kuphela intengo yemoto, kodwa futhi nokuvakashelwa okungenzeka kwe-mechanic kanye nokungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka. Kukhona nezindleko zomshwalense nezokubhalisa, kodwa lapha sikhuluma ngamanani amancane kakhulu.

Ake sibuyele emuva umzuzwana enanini lokuthenga nesevisi yokuqala. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa imali yakho ibe izingxenye ezimbili:

• owokuqala (omkhulu) uzohamba ayothenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa;
• eyesibili (encane) izoya kulokho okuthiwa. I-"starter package" ye-locksmith, okungukuthi, ukulungisa imoto ukuze isebenze.

Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenge imoto, ngeke uzithole usesimweni esinzima uma isevisi iyadingeka ngempela.

Lesi seluleko asisebenzi ezimotweni ezincane, kodwa noma kunjalo kufanelekile ukushintsha okungenani ibhande lesikhathi namafutha.

Imoto uku-oda

Uma usuhlele kahle izimali zakho, cabangisisa ngalokho okulindele. Iyini imoto ngempela? Kubonakala sengathi kuyinto encane manje, kodwa uma uphuthelwa ukuthenga, ushintsha umqondo wakho ngokushesha.

Uma unemoto yomndeni yezemidlalo (ikakhulukazi ehlala abantu ababili), ungayikhipha ohlwini ngokushesha - ngaphandle uma uyithenga njengendlela yokuthutha eyengeziwe okufanele ikujabulise. Kunoma yikuphi okunye, inqola izoba ngcono kakhulu, futhi uma kunezingane eziningi, inqola noma i-minivan.

Isimo esihluke ngokuphelele uma uwedwa.

Khona-ke amamodeli angenhla cishe ngeke abe usizo kuwe. Okungcono kakhulu kungaba imoto ehlangene, mhlawumbe imoto yebanga eliphakathi noma (uma ufuna okuzwakalayo) enekhono lezemidlalo.

Nokho, ungakhawuleli isinqumo ngesimo sakho somshado kuphela. Kukhona nokunye okucatshangelwayo.

Isibonelo, uma ushayela ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni yedolobha, i-SUV kungaba ukukhetha okungalungile. Akagcini nje ngokushayela okubi kakhulu ku-asphalt, kodwa futhi kuyabiza kakhulu ukuyigcina (ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kuphethiloli). Zama njalo ukulungisa imoto yakho ukuthi ihambisane nendawo oshayela kuyo, nobani futhi kanjani.

Okokugcina, inothi elilodwa futhi: gwema ukugqolozela emhubheni. Sisho ukuthini? Ungagcini ukukhetha kwakho kumodeli yemoto eyodwa noma ezimbili, njengoba ungakwazi ukuziba ezinye izenzakalo ezibalulekile ongazange uzicabange nhlobo.

Futhi ekugcineni - uzophumelela uma wandisa ulwazi lwakho ngalo mshini. Ungaqondiswa izinkolelo-ze ezifana nokuthi: I-Italy iyisimo esiphuthumayo, futhi iJalimane inokwethenjelwa. Wonke amabhrendi anezimoto ezinhle nezingezinhle kangako. Ngakho-ke, zihlole ukuthi yimaphi amaphutha le modeli enawo nokuthi ivame ukuhluleka yini.

Imibono yabanye abashayeli, oyothola ezinkundleni ezihlukahlukene zezimoto, izokusiza kulokhu.

Ukuhlolwa Kwemoto - Yini Okufanele Uyihlole?

Ngaphambi kokuphothula ukuthenga kwakho imoto esetshenzisiwe, hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ubhekene nani. Kuyafaneleka ukuya emotweni khona kanye endaweni yokuhlala yomnikazi, ngoba kulula ukubona ukuthi injini ayifudumala kanjani.

Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuthatha umngane nawe, ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, imizwa ehlotshaniswa nokuthenga ingafiphaza ukwahlulela kwakho okuhle, futhi ungase uphuthelwe eminye imininingwane ezobonwa u-interlocutor opholile. Okwesibili, uma umngane wakho azi okuningi ngemoto kunawe, uzokwazi ukukunikeza izeluleko ezengeziwe.

Nokho, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlola isimo lobuchwepheshe imoto, hlola imibhalo yayo. Kungani ngokulandelana? Ngoba izinkinga zomthetho zivame ukukufaka enkingeni kakhulu kunokuphazamiseka okungenzeka.

Isimo esisemthethweni semoto

Iyiphi into ebaluleke kakhulu ekubhalweni kwezimoto? Ngaphezu kwakho konke:

• Inombolo ye-VIN - kufanele ilungile kuwo wonke amadokhumenti nasemzimbeni;
• isibambiso, imalimboleko, ukuqashisa - uma enye yalezi zinto isohlwini lwesitifiketi sokubhaliswa kwemoto noma ekhadini lemoto, uthatha lezi zindleko lapho uthenga;
• ikhadi lemoto - yonke imoto ebhaliswe okokuqala ngemuva kuka-1999 kufanele ibe nalo;
• Inqubomgomo yomshwalense wesikweletu somuntu wesithathu - kufanele ihlale isendaweni futhi okungcono kube njalo ngonyaka. Ipholisi ethengelwe inyanga eyodwa iyasolisa;
• imininingwane yomthengisi - qiniseka ukuthi usayine isivumelwano nomnikazi wangempela wemoto;
• i-invoyisi yokuthenga ekhishwe ngaphambilini noma inkontileka yokuthengisa - ngenxa yala madokhumenti, uzoqiniseka ukuthi imoto ngeyomthengisi.

Akukhona konke lokhu. Uma usebenzelana nemoto evela phesheya engabhalisiwe e-Poland, buza ngohlobo lomsebenzi. Ungavumelani nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinkontileka ezingenalutho (ezivamise ukubizwa ngokuthi izinkontileka zaseJalimane). Azikho emthethweni kuphela, kodwa futhi ziyingozi ezithakazelweni zakho.

Kungani?

Ngoba umuntu okulo mbhalo angase abe inganekwane. Uma uthenga umshini onjalo, wena (umnikazi), hhayi umdayisi, unesibopho sanoma ikuphi iphutha elingokomthetho.

Uma uthenga imoto kumuntu odayisa izimoto njengebhizinisi, cela i-invoyisi. Ngale ndlela ngeke ukhokhe intela ye-PCC-3.

Isimo sobuchwepheshe

Ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe ngeke kwenziwe ngaphandle kokuhlola isimo sayo sobuchwepheshe (ngaphandle uma uthanda izimanga). Uma ungenalo ulwazi lokuzenza ngokwakho, ungakhathazeki. Endaweni, uqinisekile ukuthi uzothola ishabhu ezoqedela lo msebenzi.

Ungathola ulwazi olunembe kakhulu Esiteshini Sesevisi Esigunyaziwe noma endaweni yokusebenzela ezimele nenkulu (inzuzo eyengeziwe izoba uma igxile kulolu hlobo lomkhiqizo). Kuyoba eshibhile ukuvakashela isiteshi sokuxilonga, kodwa lapho ungabheka okuyisisekelo kuphela.

Kunoma ikuphi, uchwepheshe kufanele akuhlolele okungenani:

• ubukhulu be-varnish, ikhwalithi ye-varnish kanye nezinga lokugqwala;
• uma imoto ingazange ilimele;
• ukumaka izibuko kanye nokuhambisana kwazo nonyaka wokwakhiwa kwemoto;
• injini kanye nesistimu yokushayela (ukusebenza, ukuvuza, ukuhlaziywa kwegesi yokukhipha);
• isilawuli semoto kanye namaphutha esiwabhalisayo;
• amabhuleki, ukumiswa, ukuqondisa (lokhu kwenziwa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi indlela yokuxilonga);
• isimo amathayi.

Kwa-ASO, ungabheka phambili emininingwaneni eyengeziwe. Omakhenikha abasebenza lapho bazophinde bakuhlolele:

• kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sangempela semoto sihambisana nokucaciswa kwayo (imishini, ukumaka);
• umlando wesevisi (lokhu ngokuvamile kudinga ukuba khona komnikazi);
• ngokunembile, injini nabashayeli (kanye nalabo abanomthwalo wemfanelo, isibonelo, wezinhlelo zokuphepha).

Ingabe ukhetha ukuhlola ngokuzimela isimo semoto? Bese ukhumbula ukuthi awunazo izinketho eziningi njengomakhenikha eshabhu yakho yokusebenzela, kodwa kuningi ongakuthola uwedwa.

Indawo engcono kakhulu ongaqala ngayo izilawuli kudeshibhodi. Ngenkathi injini isebenza, akekho kubo okufanele abambe umlilo. Futhi hlola izinga likawoyela kanye nenjini ukuthi akavuzi yini. Lalela futhi umsebenzi wokumiswa. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, khumbula ukuthi ukugoqa kokumiswa kwamanye amamodeli cishe kungokwemvelo, kanti kwezinye, ingozi enjalo ingabandakanya izindleko ezinkulu zokulungisa.

Ekugcineni, kungaba kuhle ukuthola imitha kapende. Ngakho ungakwazi ukuhlola kalula ukushuba kwayo emotweni.

Ekupheleni kosuku, ungakhohlwa ukuthi uthenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa kanti ezinye izinto ezimbi azinakugwenywa. Yiqiniso, ngamunye wethu angathanda ukuthenga imoto ngaphandle kwamaphutha, kodwa ungayidluli. Mancane amathuba okuthi noma yimuphi umdayisi azipholishe imoto iphelele ngaphambi kokuba ayidayise. Ngisho noma ebhala ukuthi imoto isesimweni esiphelele, lokhu cishe akulona iqiniso.

Ngemva kokuhlola imoto yakho emile, bona ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Yinye kuphela indlela yokwenza lokhu - i-test drive.

Idrayivu yokuhlola

Uma uyisa imoto eke yasetshenziswa umakhenikha ukuze iyohlolwa, leli yithuba elihle lokuhlola ukushayela. Ngakho-ke hlanganisa zombili izindawo oya kuzo zibe yinto eyodwa bese uhambahamba nomnikazi.

Kungaba kuhle uma bekuvumela ukuthi uhambe ngemuva kwesondo, kodwa akuwona wonke umthengisi ozohamba ngakho. Phela kuseyimoto yakhe lena, futhi nguyena onecala kuwo wonke umonakalo ongase udalwe umuntu ongase athenge. Nakuba lokhu kungase kukwenze usolise, ungakhonondi. Uzoqaphela okuningi esihlalweni somgibeli futhi.

Ngendlela, uzofunda ngesitayela sokushayela somnikazi, esizocacisa kabanzi ngesimo semoto.

Noma ngabe ukuphi, ngenkathi ushayela, bheka izilawuli nezinkomba kudeshibhodi. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuhlola ukuziphatha kwenjini kanye nokusebenza kwesondo lokuqondisa. Ekugcineni, cabanga ukuthi kulula kangakanani imoto ekushayeleni. Uma enenkinga ngalokhu, kungase kube ngenxa yokunye, hhayi nje ngenxa yokungalingani komgwaqo.

I-test drive ibalulekile ngesinye isizathu. Lokhu akulona nje ithuba lokuhlola isimo sobuchwepheshe bemoto, kodwa futhi ukuthi ikufanele yini. Phela, kungase kwenzeke ukuthi, naphezu kokungabikho kokungasebenzi kahle, imininingwane yokumiswa kanye neyunithi yamandla ngeke ihlangabezane nezilindelo zakho.

Ukuze uthole isithombe esiphelele semoto yakho, zama okungenani kanye ngenkathi ushayela:

• isivinini esiphansi nesiphezulu;
• ukubhuleka okubukhali nokusheshisa ukuya kuma-revs aphezulu.

Umthengisi akufanele akuvimbele ukwenza lokhu (uma uvumelene ne-test drive). Ngemuva kwakho konke, uzobe ushayela le moto, ngakho-ke unelungelo lokuhlola ukusebenza kwayo ezimeni ezihlukahlukene. Ama-grimaces kanye nezikhalazo ezivela kumnikazi ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kanzima noma ukushayela ngokushesha emgwaqeni omkhulu kubonisa ukuthi kukhona akufihlayo.

Nokho, lapha namanje ukulinganisela - ukushayela imoto ngokusemthethweni.

Ingabe uthenga imoto enomshini ozishintshayo? Bese kuba nolunye ulwazi ngawe: naka izinguquko zegiya. Emishinini emidala enamagiya ambalwa, ama-jerk amancane ajwayelekile futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukushintsha igiya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-gearbox amasha (okungenani anamagiya amahlanu) akufanele abe nezinkinga ezinjalo.

Ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe - deal

Uyayithanda imoto futhi ufuna ukuyithenga. Umbuzo uwukuthi: ubheka kanjani ukubhala inkontileka ngendlela yokuthi ungalahlekelwa yiyo?

Nokho, okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uzobe wenza ukuthengiselana kokubili ngokheshi nangokudluliswa kwebhange. Inketho yesibili iphephile, kodwa uma ukhetha ukheshi, qiniseka ukuthi unofakazi. Okudingayo nje umngane omuhle esikhulume ngaye ekuqaleni. Uma kunesidingo, ngeke aqinisekise kuphela isiphetho senkontileka futhi adlulisele imali, kodwa futhi uzokusiza uma umdayisi enezinhloso ezimbi (isibonelo, wayefuna ukukuphanga).

Enye into: bonisana ngentengo ngaphambi kokuthi kufike esivumelwaneni!

Ngeke wazi ukuthi umnikazi angahamba ibanga elingakanani ngale kwesabelo sokuqala, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuzama. Zizwe ukhululekile ukubhida kuze kufike ku-10% ephansi (ezimotweni ezindala, zama ngisho no-20-30%). Nakuba ungase ungakwazi njalo ukuxoxisana ngokuncishiswa kwaleli nani, ngokuvamile uzowina okungenani ingxenye yomnikelo wokuqala.

Uma usuvumelene ngentengo, yisikhathi sokudlulela kunkontileka. Kungcono ukuzilungiselela ngokwakho (ungathola izifanekiso ezihambisanayo ku-inthanethi).

Yini okufanele ibe kuyo? Nalu uhlu lwamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu:

• usuku lokuthengwa kwemoto esetshenzisiwe;
• idatha eqondile yomthengi (igama nesibongo, inombolo ye-PESEL, inombolo ye-NIP, ikheli, imininingwane kamazisi);
• imininingwane eqondile yomthengisi (njengoba kushiwo ngenhla);
• idatha yemoto ebaluleke kakhulu (ukwenza / imodeli, unyaka wokukhiqiza, inombolo yenjini, inombolo ye-VIN, inombolo yokubhalisa, imayela);
• inani lomsebenzi.

Uma kuziwa ngosuku lokuthenga, kufanelekile ukucabangela hhayi kuphela usuku oluqondile, kodwa nesikhathi. Kungani? Ngoba awazi ukuthi umnikazi wayo wenzeni ngale moto ngaphambilini. Mhlawumbe wenze iphutha noma ubugebengu? Ngaphandle kosuku oluqondile lokuthenga, lezi zinkinga zizodlulela kuwe.

Futhi engeza embhalweni wenkontileka izigatshana ezinjengokuthi “umthengisi umemezela ubuqiniso bebanga elicaciswe kunkontileka” futhi “umdayisi umemezela ukuthi imoto ayizange ibambe iqhaza kunoma yimuphi umcimbi” (ngaphandle kwalapho uthenga imoto eyonakele). Uma umnikazi engenakho ukufihla, ngeke akubone lokhu njengenkinga, futhi uzothola isiqinisekiso esengeziwe.

Inkontileka yokuthengisa ikunikeza ithuba lokusebenzisa amalungelo akho (isibonelo, imbuyiselo yezindleko zokulungisa umonakalo obungazi ngawo). Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kwenzeke, kufanele ubonise ukuthi umdayisi ufihle ngamabomu amaphutha emotweni futhi wayazi ngawo.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngemva kokuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe?

Usunayo imoto yamaphupho akho. Manje umbuzo uwukuthi: yini elandelayo?

Yebo, kufanele ubhalise lokhu.

Lokhu akunzima njengoba kungase kubonakale. Okokuqala, khumbula isikhathi! Kufanele ubike ukuthengwa kwemoto esetshenzisiwe emnyangweni wezokuxhumana obika kuwo zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela ngosuku osayine ngalo inkontileka. Uma ungenzi kanjalo, ihhovisi lingase likuhlawulise i-PLN 1000.

Kudingeka imibhalo ehambisanayo ukuze ubhalise imoto. Imayelana:

• isicelo sokubhalisa,
• isitifiketi sokubhaliswa esivumelekile (nokuhlolwa okusebenzayo kobuchwepheshe),
• ubufakazi bobunikazi (i-invoyisi noma inkontileka yokuthengisa),
• ikhadi lemoto (uma likhona),
• amapuleti elayisensi amanje (uma ufuna ukuwashintsha),
• umazisi wakho,
• umshwalense osebenzayo.

Kuthiwani ngemva kokuthenga imoto esetshenziswa phesheya?

Emotweni ephuma phesheya, inqubo ayihlukile kakhulu kunale osanda kufunda ngayo. Ushintsho olukhulu ukuthi wonke amadokhumenti (ngaphandle kwemibhalo yokubhalisa) kufanele ahunyushelwe olimini lwesiPolish ngumhumushi ofungile.

Njengoba uzobona, uhlu lwamadokhumenti lucishe lufane, ngoba uzodinga:

• isicelo sokubhalisa,
• ubufakazi bobunikazi,
• isitifiketi sokubhalisa,
• izitifiketi zokukhululwa ekukhokhiseni intela,
• isitifiketi somphumela omuhle wobuchwepheshe (singafakwa futhi kusitifiketi sokubhalisa),
• izinombolo zelayisensi (uma imoto ibhalisiwe).

Umugqa wokugcina oqondile yintela

Ukuthengwa kwemoto esetshenzisiwe ngaphansi kwenkontileka yokuthengisa kungaphansi kwe-Civil Transactions Tax (PCC-3). Ingu-2% futhi ikhokhiswa ngentengo eshiwo kunkontileka. Nokho, phawula ukuthi isikhulu sikahulumeni singabaza le mali. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho othile ethenga imoto entsha uma kuqhathaniswa nenkontileka ithi inani eliphansi ngendlela ehlekisayo.

Unezinsuku eziyi-14 zokukhokha intela kusukela ngosuku lokusayina inkontileka. Uma ungakwenzi lokhu, uzifaka engcupheni yokuthola inhlawulo esukela kumakhulu ambalwa kuya emashumini ezinkulungwane zama-zloty.

Unezinketho ezintathu zokuletha izigxivizo zeminwe ze-PCC-3 ehhovisi lakho:

• mathupha,
• umzila wendabuko (iposi),
• nge-elekthronikhi (nge-imeyili).

Khumbula, uma uthenga imoto endaweni edayisa izimoto, i-invoyisi ye-VAT izokusiza ugweme ukukhokha intela.

Ukuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe - isifinyezo

Njengoba ubona, ukuthenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa endaweni edayisa izimoto noma kumuntu ozimele kuwubuqili ngaphandle kokuthi ufuna othile akudayisele ibhomu elihlabayo. Nokho, ngokulungiselela okuhle nokubekezela, cishe ngeke ube nenkinga yokuthola imoto yakho yamaphupho.

Phela, kunezinhlinzeko eziningi emakethe kangangokuthi akekho ozokhononda ngokukhetha okulinganiselwe (ngaphandle uma efuna imodeli engavamile).

Ungakhohliswa ukunikezwa kokudumisa imoto esibhakabhakeni, nakekela amalungelo akho futhi konke kuzolunga. Khumbula ukuthi (mhlawumbe) uzobe uchitha isikhathi esiningi emotweni ethengiwe, ngakho-ke thatha isikhathi sakho uphinde uhlole ukuthi iyahambisana yini nezidingo zakho.